Trends in the global market for the transfer of intellectual property

The article is aimed at conducting a comprehensive study of opportunities and prospects of development of methodology and practice of organization of innovation processes in the economies of various countries, development of recommendations to increase the efficiency of innovation activity.The relevance of this topic is due to the need to create effective mechanisms of expert and analytical support of a high level of innovation development, the importance of providing measures to support technologies - «catalysts» socio-economic development of economic agents, the key role of technology transfer as a condition for ensuring and maintaining innovative activity of economic agents. Keywords: innovation, innovative technologies, intellectual property transfer

Financial Planning at Small Construction Enterprises at the Formation Stage

Planning is the most important function of management as it is the stage of planning when the main targets of the enterprise are determined and the assessment of the resources necessary for the targets implementation is made. The enterprise within its activities needs different types of resources, however the most important type of resources are financial resources as the availability of other types of resources as well as the opportunity to receive them always depends on the of financial opportunities. Planning of financial resources, determination of their optimum structure, the search of their sources is the most important task of financial management system and financial planning at the enterprise. Financial planning can be carried out with the use of various instruments, the most popular of which is the budgeting system. The advantage of budgeting is the absence of any strict established and fixed rules of planning and accounting as well as the opportunity to regulate forms and to determine indicators for the specific enterprise depending on its requirements. In this article the main features of the construction enterprises which influence the course and features of financial planning are considered. Also the requirements to the budgeting system imposed by the small construction enterprises at a stage of their formation to which, first of all, limitation of funds for planning and conducting the budget accounting belongs are considered in details. The integrated structure of budgets differing in the minimum set of the budget forms is offered as the decision. Some approximate forms of budgets are also developed and presented, however they can be adjusted depending on desire and requirements of the specific enterprise. Keywords: planning, financial planning, business plan, budget, budget management at the enterprise, the project budget, the budget of administrative expenses, the cost budget on salary. JEL Classifications: M21, M4

ПРИНЦИПЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ МОДЕЛИ КОНТРОЛЯ НАД ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬЮ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ БЮДЖЕТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ

The article describes the innovative approach to use of performance indicators to improve the quality of efficiency control of budget funds use, it is offered to create the inner budgetary administrative system of control on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the budgetary funds use.В статье рассмотрен инновационный подход по применению оценочных показателей для повышения качества контроля над эффективностью использования бюджетных средств, предлагается создать внутри бюджетную административную систему контроля по эффективности и целесообразности использования бюджетных средств

PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF INNOVATIVE MODEL OF EFFICIENCY OF BUDGET FUNDS USE

The article describes the innovative approach to use of performance indicators to improve the quality of efficiency control of budget funds use, it is offered to create the inner budgetary administrative system of control on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the budgetary funds use

Trends in the global market for the transfer of intellectual property

The article is aimed at conducting a comprehensive study of opportunities and prospects of development of methodology and practice of organization of innovation processes in the economies of various countries, development of recommendations to increase the efficiency of innovation activity.The relevance of this topic is due to the need to create effective mechanisms of expert and analytical support of a high level of innovation development, the importance of providing measures to support technologies - «catalysts» socio-economic development of economic agents, the key role of technology transfer as a condition for ensuring and maintaining innovative activity of economic agents. Keywords: innovation, innovative technologies, intellectual property transfer

Audiological Evidence of Frequent Hereditary Mild, Moderate and Moderate-to-Severe Hearing Loss

Congenital and early onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is mainly caused by mutations in numerous genes. The introduction of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) has increased the number of infants with mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) detected in the first year of life. We aimed to evaluate the audiological features in patients with mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe SNHL according to genotype. Audiological and genetic data were analyzed for 251 patients and their relatives with congenital bilateral mild, moderate, and moderate-to-severe SNHL. Hearing loss severity, audiogram profile, interaural symmetry, and dynamics of hearing thresholds were analyzed. In this case, 165 patients had GJB2 gene mutations, 30 patients were identified with STRC mutations, and 16 patients had pathogenic or likely pathogenic USH2A mutations. The presence of at least one GJB2 non-truncating variant in genotype led to less severe hearing impairment. The flat and gently sloping audiogram profiles were mostly revealed in all groups. The follow-up revealed the stability of hearing thresholds. GJB2, STRC, and USH2A pathogenic variants were detected in most patients in our cohort and were congenital in most cases