20,621 research outputs found
Modeling near-field tsunami observations to improve finite-fault slip models for the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake
The massive tsunami generated by the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake (M_w 9.0) was widely recorded by GPS buoys, wave gauges, and ocean bottom pressure sensors around the source. Numerous inversions for finite-fault slip time histories have been performed using seismic and/or geodetic observations, yielding generally consistent patterns of large co-seismic slip offshore near the hypocenter and/or up-dip near the trench, where estimated peak slip is ~60 m. Modeling the tsunami generation and near-field wave processes using two detailed rupture models obtained from either teleseismic P waves or high-rate GPS recordings in Japan allows evaluation of how well the finite-fault models account for the regional tsunami data. By determining sensitivity of the tsunami calculations to rupture model features, we determine model modifications that improve the fit to the diverse tsunami data while retaining the fit to the seismic and geodetic observations
Will a rise in consumption tax share increase the effectiveness of government spending?
The Australian tax reform in July 2000 gave heavier weights to consumption tax in the tax mix at the expense of the income tax. This paper shows that the trade off among the tax-mix policy parameters depends on the structure of the economy. Given that the reform is tax-revenue neutral and no change in monetary stance, a rise in the share of consumption tax in the tax mix may increase the effectiveness of government spending in stabilising the economy if certain contain is fulfilled. A numerical example is included for illustration purpose
IS-LM model with a general consumption tax
OECD tax revenue statistics show that on average the share of consumption tax is almost equal to that of income tax. However, consumption tax hardly attracts any attention from intermediate macroeconomic textbooks, not to mention its inclusion in IS-LM model. This paper compares the IS curves under an income tax regime and a general consumption tax regime. It also examines the trade off between the income tax rate and the consumption tax rate in a dual tax regime
Skewness is the name of the game
Theoretical models of risk taking attempt to explain why risk-averse individuals participate in unfair gambles. This paper evaluates the two explanations as to why rational individuals would accept gambles with negative expected returns. It is found that it is skewness, not the mean or the variance of the prize distribution that attracts risk-averse gamblers. However, evidence shows that there seems to be an optimal trade-off between operatorsâ sales revenues and skewness of the pay-off; a point that designer of gambling games needs to heed to
Nonperturbative Determination of Heavy Meson Bound States
In this paper we obtain a heavy meson bound state equation from the heavy
quark equation of motion in heavy quark effective theory (HQET) and the heavy
meson effective field theory we developed very recently. The bound state
equation is a covariant extention of the light-front bound state equation for
heavy mesons derived from light-front QCD and HQET. We determine the covariant
heavy meson wave function variationally by minimizing the binding energy
. Subsequently the other basic HQET parameters and
, and the heavy quark masses and can also be
consistently determined.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
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