Bending vibrations of stepped rods

Manufacturing stepped rods with segments of sizes proportional to stresses induced in operation is often used to reduce the material consumption in various fields of technology, for example, in the aircraft industry, where the requirements for the weight of structural elements are high. The vibration problems of continuous systems, i.e. systems which masses are considered distributed, are close to the resistance of materials and elasticity theory problems. They are described by partial differential equations. In this case, we consider a homogeneous isotropic material, obeying Hooke’s law. Of all the vibration problems of continuous systems, the transverse vibration problems of shafts and beams is of greatest practical importance. The simplest examples of vibrations of prismatic rods were studied in the 18th century in works on acoustics. But before solving problems of practical importance, the problems of stepped beams, it had taken another two hundred years and the development of approximate methods of solving differential equations. The paper presents a solution to the problem of determining the fundamental frequencies of bending vibrations of two-stepped rods with various boundary conditions, using the approximate Lagrange-Ritz method. The calculation error does not exceed 2.6 %. The fundamental frequency of vibration is defined considering different lengths and stiffness ratios of stepped rod segments. The obtained results can be used in solving practical problems in various fields of technology

Potential of regional fuel and energy complex with the typological features of regional development

Purpose: Fuel & Energy Complex (FEC) has a significant share in the economic system and has the most extensive potential for introducing innovations. Authors suggest innovative potential of regional FEC considering the specifics of regional economic development. Design/Methodology/Approach: To evaluate the attainability of economic growth in conjunction with the goals of energy efficiency and energy independence and to make decisions on adjustments in energy policy, the authors propose a three-component integrated index of elasticity of energy efficiency for each typological group of region, including the index of innovative potential of the regional Fuel & Energy Complex, the index of energy supply efficiency of consumers in the region and the sustainability index of the region’s energy system. Findings: The survey identified five typological groups of regions reflecting the features of regional FEC development. Considering the significance of factors affecting innovative potential, seven groups of such factors were proposed for formation, and the significance of each factor was determined in accordance with the typological group of the region. Practical implications: Each of the three components of the integrated index makes its specific contribution to the resulting quantitative indicator, the value of which will reflect the degree to which the regional energy policy has reached its target priorities, and to meet the urgent challenges of modern innovative sustainable energy technologies. Originality/Value: Realisation of the innovative potential of regional FEC should be closely linked with indicators of energy efficiency and energy independence in order to ensure the development of regional economies, including the achievement of global climate goals.peer-reviewe

Rhythmocardiography used to study the impact of validol and nitroglycerin on heart rate variability among patients with stable stenocardia

Introduction: One of the main reasons of frequent able-bodied citizens’ mortality is ischemic heart disease. Nitroglycerin is used for the reduction of stenocardia attacks, but in case of intolerance of the medication or if side effects appear, it may be substituted for validol. Nowadays peripheral vegetotropic effects of these medications are not completely studied, thus the research that is being carried out is of great topicality. Aims: The present research is aimed at studying the way nitroglycerin and validol affect heart rate variability among patients with stable stenocardia. In the research were included 32 patients with stable stenocardia of I (16%) %), II (56%) and III (28%) dynamic classes from the Cardiology department of outpatient clinic №8 (Chelyabinsk, Russia). The average age of the group is 54±6,2 years. Rhythmocardiography was realized on apparatus-program complex “Micor” (Russia) of high resolution in order to study heart rate variability. Rhythmocardiography was carried out 2 minutes before and 2 minutes after sublingual nitroglycerin intake and on the other day 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after sublingual validol intake. Heart rate variability was studied initially in lying position (ph) and also in 4 stimulating probes: Vm- Modified Valsalva Maneuver, pAAshner-Danjiny Test, AOP -Active Orthostatic Test, PWC120 -Loading Test Power Working Capacity simultaneously measured with EKG in real-time. Following findings were determined: RR - beat-to-beat interval; SDNN - Standard Deviation of Normal-to-Normal Intervals of sinus heart rate HR; ARA -Amplitude respiratory arrhythmia; separately were defined: quadratic dispersion of humoral-metabolic HR deflections (al), sympathetic HR deflections (am), parasympathetic fluctuations (as) and their spectral analogues for determination of control factors’ correlation in constitutional deflection spectrum BCP -VLF%, LF%, HF%. Statistics were elaborated with the help of StatPlus® program (2009). Results: It was proved from the realized research that with validol and nitroglycerin intake the total heart rate variability (SDNN) significantly increased in all probes. With nitroglycerin intake in comparison with the reference level the RR duration in the background probe fell (ph) (p<0,0001), humoral metabolic impact increased aloud: al b ph (p<0,05), Vm (p<0,001), pA (p<0,0001), VLF% b ph (p<0,01), pA (p<0,05); sympathetic manipulation: am b Vm (p<0,0001), pA (p<0,01), AOP (p<0,001), PWC (p<0,01), LF% b AOP (p<0,01); parasympathetic regulation fell: as b ph (p<0,01),HF% b ph (p<0,001), Vm (p<0,01), pA (p<0,0001); with nitroglycerin intake the response value to stimulus in AOP increased: d-a NN% (p<0,01), d-a NN, sec (p<0,05). In probe with validol significantly increased the RR range in all other probes: ph, AOP (p<0, 0001), Vm, pA (p<0,001), PWC (p<0, 01); humoral-metabolic and sympathetic impact increased in all probes, except PWC, the amount of parasympathetic deflections (as) increased in AOP (p<0, 01) and PWC (p<0, 05), meanwhile the percentage of parasympathetic impact (HF %) (p<0, 05) for certain reduced by ph. Thus, the prescription of these medications has both: positive aspects - SDNN increase after nitroglycerin and validol intake, with validol intake the RR increase in all probes may be observed, as in AOP and PWC and negative aspects-the increase of humoral-metabolic and sympathetic regulation under the impact of surveyed medications, as normally parasympathetic regulation should predominate. It brings about the necessity of specific control of the prescription and the individual selection of the medications even contrary to standard schemes

The resonance phenomenon in the reaction–diffusion systems

A new mechanism of pattern formation different from the Turing and oscillatory instabilities in the reaction–diffusion systems was found. It is closely connected with the resonance phenomenon that appears in the models when Jacobi's matrix of the kinetic part is equivalent to Jordan cell and diffusion coefficients are cited. Some results of numerical calculations of the blood coagulation model are discussed. The pattern formation regimes that can be treated as the results from the resonance phenomenon were observed

A Possible Method for the Socio-Economic Efficiency Estimation of Smart City Projects, Paying Particular Regard to their Digital Technology Content

The digitalisation of the urban environment is one of the key areas for the development of modern urban studies. The projects within the framework of the "Smart City" concept are being implemented not only with a view to digital transformation and automation of urban processes, but also with the aim of achieving a comprehensive increase in the efficiency of the urban infrastructure, Hence, the purpose of this research paper is to propose the most effective estimation methods for the socio-economic changes taking place in Russia. The research consists in an analysis of urban infrastructure digitalisation projects, focusing on the most socially and economically profitable ones, both in terms of performance and functionality, in particular. The main set of research tools consists of searching and selecting information, analysing and processing statistical data, as well as generating a multi-purpose method for the project socio-economic efficiency assessment. Based on this methodology, it is possible to offer optimal solutions and forecast efficiency at the project development stage.The article is concerned with the digital technology projects implemented by the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation as a part of the "Smart City" development programs. The authors have concluded that adopting the multi-purpose methods for identifying the socio-economic impact of the "Smart City" digitalisation projects would accelerate the new technology implementation and efficient management of the entire "Smart City" system

Smart contract as a tool for digital transformation of penitentiary system economy

The Russian penitentiary system is a large diversified industry with a total annual output of goods, works and services worth more than 30 billion rubles. The process of integrating such a manufacturer into the national digital economic system requires a special set of tools, one of which, in the author’s opinion, is a smart contract. The object of the study is the sphere of labor adaptation of convicts, subject is digital tools to improve efficiency of production processes and relations in the penitentiary system. The article studies the use of smart contracts as one of the promising directions for improving economic activity of correctional institutions and optimizing the contracting system. As a result of the study, the author concluded that it is advisable to develop smart contracts as a tool to strengthen and develop economic potential of the penitentiary system, and also suggested possible directions of its practical application

Инструменты поддержки нефтегазового комплекса России в условиях санкционных ограничений Запада

The article discusses the possibilities of promoting the development of the Russian’s oil and gas industry in the current unstable political and economic conditions. The analysis of tools and mechanisms to support the oil and gas industry to ensure energy independence and improve energy security of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation through import substitution of critical technologies, development of legislative and tax measures to stimulate the development of the Russian state company. The authors of the study assess the effectiveness of state and corporate import substitution plans, external trade contracts and markets, as well as provide a forecast of possible ways of development of the oil and gas complex of Russia, taking into account sanctions restrictions, fuel prices and in the future competition with alternative energy sources. The implementation of effective state support for the Russian’s oil and gas industry can contribute to the development of scientific and technological potential of companies to implement the import substitution program, as well as to strengthen the position of the Russian Federation in the global system of energy resources.В статье рассматриваются возможности содействия развитию нефтегазового комплекса Российской Федерации (НГК РФ) в современных нестабильных политических и экономических условиях. Проведен анализ инструментов и механизмов поддержки нефтяной и газовой промышленностей для обеспечения энергонезависимости и повышения энергобезопасности топливно-энергетического комплекса РФ путем импортозамещения критически важных технологий, проработки законодательных и налоговых мер стимулирования развития НГК РФ. Авторы исследования осуществляют оценку эффективности государственных и корпоративных планов импортозамещения, внешних торговых контрактов и рынков сбыта, а также представляют прогноз возможных путей развития нефтегазового комплекса России с учетом санкционных ограничений, цен на топливные ресурсы и в перспективе конкуренции с альтернативными источниками энергии. Реализация эффективной государственной поддержки нефтегазовой промышленности России может способствовать развитию научно-технологического потенциала компаний для исполнения программы импортозамещения, а также для укрепления позиций РФ в мировой системе обеспечения энергетическими ресурсами

Диагностические ошибки в пульмонологии

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Onsite studies of phosphate compounds application for treatment of clayish soils in a railway bed

The article presents results of field studies dealing with strengthening clayishsoilsin a ground railway bed using phosphoric acid compounds in a DC electrical field. The authors performed comparison of deformability indicators obtained to those for soil treated by an alternative method using classical formulation based on calcium chloride. Modulus of deformation for soil treated with CaCl2-based electrolyte increased 1.3 times, and reached 19.5 MPa, modulus of deformation for soil treated with electrolyte based on Zn(H3PO4)2grewby a factor of 2.4, and reached 34.8 MPa. The paper shows the main engineering and process parameters of operations performed for altering the properties of clayish soils in a ground railway bed. Duration of soil treatment using the electrolyte based on calcium chloride was 27 days, while for the phosphate electrolyte it was 14 days. Power consumption was 10,800 kWh and 5,600 kWh, respectively