Changes in Academics’ Identity, Job Satisfaction, and Job Stress between 1992 and 2018 in South Korea

This study analyzed the association between academic identity, job satisfaction and stress over the last three decades. This study found that most Korean academics have a dual identity as researcher and teacher but tend to prefer research to teaching. In addition, we found that performance-based management practices at universities have strengthened the researcher identity during last three decades. Finally, this study found that while academic identity is not associated with academics’ job satisfaction, those who identify as researchers are likely to experience higher stress. This study has implications for studying academic identity in relation to the critical topics of job satisfaction and job stress, which are core concepts of organizational studies.This research is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2017021672)

Numerical Sensitivity Tests of Volatile Organic Compounds Emission to PM2.5 Formation during Heat Wave Period in 2018 in Two Southeast Korean Cities

A record-breaking severe heat wave was recorded in southeast Korea from 11 July to 15 August 2018, and the numerical sensitivity simulations of volatile organic compound (VOC) to secondarily generated particulate matter with diameter of less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) concentrations were studied in the Busan and Ulsan metropolitan areas in southeast Korea. A weather research and forecasting (WRF) model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) was employed, and we carried out VOC emission sensitivity simulations to investigate variations in PM2.5 concentrations during the heat wave period that occurred from 11 July to 15 August 2018. In our study, when anthropogenic VOC emissions from the Comprehensive Regional Emissions Inventory for Atmospheric Transport Experiment-2015 (CREATE-2015) inventory were increased by approximately a factor of five in southeast Korea, a better agreement with observations of PM2.5 mass concentrations was simulated, implying an underestimation of anthropogenic VOC emissions over southeast Korea. The simulated secondary organic aerosol (SOA) fraction, in particular, showed greater dominance during high temperature periods such as 19-21 July, 2018, with the SOA fractions of 42.3% (in Busan) and 34.3% (in Ulsan) among a sub-total of seven inorganic and organic components. This is considerably higher than observed annual mean organic carbon (OC) fraction (28.4 +/- 4%) among seven components, indicating the enhancement of secondary organic aerosols induced by photochemical reactions during the heat wave period in both metropolitan areas. The PM2.5 to PM10 ratios were 0.69 and 0.74, on average, during the study period in the two cities. These were also significantly higher than the typical range in those cities, which was 0.5-0.6 in 2018. Our simulations implied that extremely high temperatures with no precipitation are significantly important to the secondary generation of PM2.5 with higher secondary organic aerosol fraction via photochemical reactions in southeastern Korean cities. Other possible relationships between anthropogenic VOC emissions and temperature during the heat wave episode are also discussed in this study

Human error control in the collaborative workflow modeling tool based on GEMS model

Business process should support the execution of collaboration process with agility and flexibility through the integration of enterprise inner or outer application and human resources from the collaborative workflow view.Although the dependency of enterprise activities to the automated system has been increasing, human role is as important as ever.In the workflow modelling this human role is emphasized and the structure to control human error by analysing decision-making itself is needed.Also, through the collaboration of activities agile and effective communication should be constructed, eventually by the combination and coordination of activities to the aimed process the product quality should be improved.This paper classifies human errors can be occurred in collaborative workflow by applying GEMS(Generic Error Modelling System) to control them, and suggests human error control method through hybrid based modelling as well.On this base collaborative workflow modeling tool is designed and implemented. Using this modelling methodology it is possible to workflow modeling could be supported considering human characteristics has a tendency of human error to be controlled

Network neutrality: Insights gained by juxtaposing the US and Korea

In this study, we compare and contrast the U.S. and Korea in the context of network neutrality, focusing on debates among stakeholders and regulatory approaches. Interesting similarities and differences are highlighted by comparisons within the broadband ecosystem framework: government functions, histories, people's perceptions, regulatory approaches, legislative initiatives, and implementation. In Korea, there is an existing regulatory framework with suggestive guidelines that can be used to address net neutrality in a case-by-case fashion. The U.S. follows a regulatory approach by creating enforceable non-discrimination rules. Our findings suggest that the issue is not only complicated, but also as complex and vague as the parties' diverse interests are. We conclude that a careful combination of government coordination and market forces is an effective way to govern net neutrality

Drug-eluting stents for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: ready for prime time?

Primary percutaneus coronary intervention, performed in a timely manner, is currently the standard of care for patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Numerous clinical trials have shown the superiority of balloon angioplasty over thrombolytic therapy in decreasing the composite endpoint of death, reinfarction, and stroke in patients with STEMI The culprit plaques in STEMI patients usually contain a large necrotic core, a thin fibrous cap, and heavy inflammatory cell infiltration, together with extensive thrombus formation. Strut penetration into the necrotic core is apparently related to delayed endothelization and healing at the site of DES placement It is now accepted that DESs can markedly reduce the risk of restenosis and, accordingly, DES use has again been expanded to STEMI patients. Two randomized trials published in 2006 showed the benefits of DESs over baremetal stents in patients undergoing a primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEM

Isolated Jejunal Segment Interposition for Esophageal Replacement in Mongrel Dogs

To test the feasibility of replacing the esophagus with an isolated jejunal segment (IJS) which is devoid of its anatomical blood supply and which is nourished by the omentum, an IJS was created and transplanted to the proximal jejunum in one dog and to the esophagus in other dogs. The dogs were observed for 2 months; then, esophagographies were performed. Also microangiograms were taken, and the IJSs were examined by microscopy. The dogs were doing well until being sacrificed, the esophagograms showed stenosis of the IJS. The microangiograms showed that an adequate blood supply from the surrounding omentum to the IJS, and microscopic examination revealed intact architecture of the jejunum and microbarium in the submucosa. This study shows that an IJS can be transplanted to a distant location and that it offers an alternative for esophageal replacement