DYNAMIC VOLTAGE SCALING FOR PRIORITY-DRIVEN SCHEDULED DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS

Energy consumption is increasingly affecting battery life and cooling for real- time systems. Dynamic Voltage and frequency Scaling (DVS) has been shown to substantially reduce the energy consumption of uniprocessor real-time systems. It is worthwhile to extend the efficient DVS scheduling algorithms to distributed system with dependent tasks. The dissertation describes how to extend several effective uniprocessor DVS schedul- ing algorithms to distributed system with dependent task set. Task assignment and deadline assignment heuristics are proposed and compared with existing heuristics concerning energy-conserving performance. An admission test and a deadline com- putation algorithm are presented in the dissertation for dynamic task set to accept the arriving task in a DVS scheduled real-time system. Simulations show that an effective distributed DVS scheduling is capable of saving as much as 89% of energy that would be consumed without using DVS scheduling. It is also shown that task assignment and deadline assignment affect the energy- conserving performance of DVS scheduling algorithms. For some aggressive DVS scheduling algorithms, however, the effect of task assignment is negligible. The ad- mission test accept over 80% of tasks that can be accepted by a non-DVS scheduler to a DVS scheduled real-time system

Ab initio study on the stability and elasticity of brucite

Brucite (Mg(OH)$_2$) is a mineral of great interest owing to its various applications and roles in geological processes. Its structure, behavior under different conditions, and unique properties have been the subject of numerous studies and persistent debate. As a stable hydrous phase in subduction zones, its elastic anisotropy can significantly contribute to the seismological properties of these regions. We performed ab initio calculations to investigate brucite's stability, elasticity, and acoustic velocities. We tested several exchange-correlation functionals and managed to obtain stable phonons for the P$\bar{3}$ phase with r$^2$SCAN for the first time at all relevant pressures up to the mantle transition zone. We show that r$^2$SCAN performs very well in brucite, reproducing the experimental equation of state and several key structure parameters related to hydrogen positions. The room temperature elasticity results in P$\bar{3}$ reproduces the experimental results at ambient pressure. These results, together with the stable phonon dispersion of P$\bar{3}$ at all relevant pressures, indicate P$\bar{3}$ is the stable candidate phase not only at elevated pressures but also at ambient conditions. The success of r$^2$SCAN in brucite, suggests this functional should be suitable for other challenging layer-structured minerals, e.g., serpentines, of great geophysical significance

Nonlinear FEM Analysis on Composite Beams with Web Opening Under Negative Bending Moment

In order to investigate the shear behaviour and main factors of steel-concrete composite beam with web opening under negative moment, simply supported composite beam under concentrated load was analysis through finite element method. The finite element software ANSYS is used to calculate and analyse nonlinearly ten specimens. The main changing parameters are thickness, reinforcement ratio of slab and size of opening. The analysis indicates that stiffness and ultimate capacity will reduce greatly after web opening under negative bending moment. Through increasing the thickness of concrete slab, its bearing capacity can be enhanced markedly, and increasing the reinforcement ratio of concrete slab can improve its deformability effectively. Concrete slab makes a great contribution to shear capacity of web opening composite beam under negative moment. With the increase of the height or width of opening, the shear force that concrete slab undertakes will increase relatively

OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF THE RFQ TRAPEZOIDAL ELECTRODE

In order to reduce the length of a deuteron beam RFQ, trapezoidal modulation is used in the last 3-meter-long section. Because there is no existing tested design procedure fitting for designing this type of unconventional structure, a VBA code used for designing trapezoidal modulation RFQ electrode was developed. VBA is an effective and efficient tool for completing repetitive work. So it can be used to design repetitive analogous cells of electrode of RFQ or DTL or other periodic acceleration structures. By using this VBA code, cell length and the exit energy can be obtained accurately. The feasibility and accuracy of this method have been validated by beam dynamics simulation

Attacking Transformers with Feature Diversity Adversarial Perturbation

Understanding the mechanisms behind Vision Transformer (ViT), particularly its vulnerability to adversarial perturba tions, is crucial for addressing challenges in its real-world applications. Existing ViT adversarial attackers rely on la bels to calculate the gradient for perturbation, and exhibit low transferability to other structures and tasks. In this paper, we present a label-free white-box attack approach for ViT-based models that exhibits strong transferability to various black box models, including most ViT variants, CNNs, and MLPs, even for models developed for other modalities. Our inspira tion comes from the feature collapse phenomenon in ViTs, where the critical attention mechanism overly depends on the low-frequency component of features, causing the features in middle-to-end layers to become increasingly similar and eventually collapse. We propose the feature diversity attacker to naturally accelerate this process and achieve remarkable performance and transferability

Circular RNA Hsa_Circ_0091579 Serves as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background/Aims: An increasing number of studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have vital roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the function of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poorly characterized. Methods: We investigated the levels of circRNAs in patients with HCC to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers. We examined circRNA expression profiles in liver tumors and paired non-cancerous liver tissues from three HCC patients with cancer thrombus using a circRNA microarray. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to find circRNAs with significantly altered expression levels between tumors and their paired non-tumor tissues. We confirmed our initial findings by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also applied to identify a candidate circRNA with the optimal specificity and sensitivity. Finally, X-tile software was adopted to calculate the most efficient cut-off value for hsa_circ_0091579 expression. Results: Microarray analysis identified 20 unique circRNAs that were differentially expressed between tumor and non-tumor tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of these 20 circRNAs was verified by qRT-PCR. The expression of hsa_circ_16245-1 and hsa_circ_0091579 mRNA was consistent with their levels as tested by the microarray. The ROC curves showed that both hsa_circ_16245-1 and hsa_circ_0091579 had favorable specificity and sensitivity. We further confirmed that hsa_circ_0091579 was significantly upregulated in HCC and its high expression was intimately associated with a worse overall survival in patients with HCC. Conclusion: Hsa_circ_0091579 may play a critical role in HCC progression and serve as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of patients with HCC