Quantization of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model in N=1 Supergravity with Gauged Supermatter

The theory of N = 1 supergravity with gauged supermatter is studied in the context of a k = + 1 Friedmann minisuperspace model. It is found by imposing the Lorentz and supersymmetry constraints that there are {\seveni no} physical states in the particular SU(2) model studied.Comment: 5 pages, Talk at the 1st Mexican School in Gravitation and mathematical physics, Guanajuato, Mexico, December 12-16 199

Implications of Recent Bˉ0→D(∗)0X0\bar{B}^0\to D^{(*)0}X^0 Measurements

The recent measurements of the color-suppressed modes $\bar B^0\to D^{(*)0}\pi^0$ imply non-vanishing relative final-state interaction (FSI) phases among various $\bar B\to D\pi$ decay amplitudes. Depending on whether or not FSIs are implemented in the topological quark-diagram amplitudes, two solutions for the parameters $a_1$ and $a_2$ are extracted from data using various form-factor models. It is found that $a_2$ is not universal: $|a_2(D\pi)|= 0.40-0.55$ and $|a_2(D^*\pi)|= 0.25-0.35$ with a relative phase of order $(50-55)^\circ$ between $a_1$ and $a_2$. If FSIs are not included in quark-diagram amplitudes from the outset, $a_2^{eff}/a_1^{eff}$ and $a_2^{eff}$ will become smaller. The large value of $|a_2(D\pi)|$ compared to $|a_2^{eff}(D\pi)|$ or naive expectation implies the importance of long-distance FSI contributions to color-suppressed internal $W$-emission via final-state rescatterings of the color-allowed tree amplitude.Comment: 17 pages. The Introduction is substantially revised and the order of the presentation in Sec. 2 is rearranged. To appear in Phys. Re

Diagonal quantum Bianchi type IX models in N=1 supergravity

We take the general quantum constraints of N=1 supergravity in the special case of a Bianchi metric, with gravitino fields constant in the invariant basis. We construct the most general possible wave function which solves the Lorentz constraints and study the supersymmetry constraints in the Bianchi Class A Models. For the Bianchi-IX cases, both the Hartle-Hawking state and wormhole state are found to exist in the middle fermion levels.Comment: plain LaTex, 17 pages, accepted for publication in Classical Quantum Gravit

Is there a problem with quantum wormhole states in N=1 Supergravity?

The issue concerning the existence of wormhole states in locally supersymmetric minisuperspace models with matter is addressed. Wormhole states are apparently absent in models obtained from the more general theory of N=1 supergravity with supermatter. A Hartle-Hawking type solution can be found, even though some terms (which are scalar field dependent) cannot be determined in a satisfactory way. A possible cause is investigated here. As far as the wormhole situation is concerned, we argue here that the type of Lagrange multipliers and fermionic derivative ordering used can make a difference. A proposal is made for supersymmetric quantum wormholes to also be invested with a Hilbert space structure, associated with a maximal analytical extension of the corresponding minisuperspace.is concerned, we argue here that the type of Lagrange multipliers and fermionic derivative ordering used can make a difference. A proposal is made for supersymmetric quantum wormholes to also be invested with a Hilbert space structure, associated with a maximal analytical extension of the corresponding minisuperspace.Comment: 22 pages, TeX (some font problems may occur, just press Return), Based on a essay submitted to the 1995 ravity Research Foundation Awards, accepted in G.R.

Tracking the Evolution of A Coherent Magnetic Flux Rope Continuously from the Inner to the Outer Corona

The magnetic flux rope (MFR) is believed to be the underlying magnetic structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However, it remains unclear how an MFR evolves into and forms the multi-component structure of a CME. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive study of an extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) MFR eruption on 2013 May 22 by tracking its morphological evolution, studying its kinematics, and quantifying its thermal property. As EUV brightenings begin, the MFR starts to rise slowly and shows helical threads winding around an axis. Meanwhile, cool filamentary materials descend spirally down to the chromosphere. These features provide direct observational evidence of intrinsically helical structure of the MFR. Through detailed kinematical analysis, we find that the MFR evolution experiences two distinct phases: a slow rise phase and an impulsive acceleration phase. We attribute the first phase to the magnetic reconnection within the quasi-separatrix-layers surrounding the MFR, and the much more energetic second phase to the fast magnetic reconnection underneath the MFR. We suggest that the transition between these two phases be caused by the torus instability. Moreover, we identify that the MFR evolves smoothly into the outer corona and appears as a coherent structure within the white light CME volume. The MFR in the outer corona was enveloped by bright fronts that originated from plasma pile-up in front of the expanding MFR. The fronts are also associated with the preceding sheath region followed the outmost MFR-driven shock.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, and 1 table, accepted by ApJ; any comments are welcome

The Origin of Gamma-Rays from Globular Clusters

Fermi has detected gamma-ray emission from eight globular clusters. We suggest that the gamma-ray emission from globular clusters may result from the inverse Compton scattering between relativistic electrons/positrons in the pulsar wind of MSPs in the globular clusters and background soft photons including cosmic microwave/relic photons, background star lights in the clusters, the galactic infrared photons and the galactic star lights. We show that the gamma-ray spectrum from 47 Tuc can be explained equally well by upward scattering of either the relic photons, the galactic infrared photons or the galactic star lights whereas the gamma-ray spectra from other seven globular clusters are best fitted by the upward scattering of either the galactic infrared photons or the galactic star lights. We also find that the observed gamma-ray luminosity is correlated better with the combined factor of the encounter rate and the background soft photon energy density. Therefore the inverse Compton scattering may also contribute to the observed gamma-ray emission from globular clusters detected by Fermi in addition to the standard curvature radiation process. Furthermore, we find that the emission region of high energy photons from globular cluster produced by inverse Compton scattering is substantially larger than the core of globular cluster with a radius >10pc. The diffuse radio and X-rays emitted from globular clusters can also be produced by synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scattering respectively. We suggest that future observations including radio, X-rays, and gamma-rays with energy higher than 10 GeV and better angular resolution can provide better constraints for the models.Comment: Accepted by ApJ, Comments may send to Prof. K.S. Cheng: [email protected]

Test of Factorization Hypothesis from Exclusive Non-leptonic B decays

We investigate the possibility of testing factorization hypothesis in non-leptonic exclusive decays of B-meson. In particular, we considered the non factorizable \bar{B^0} -> D^{(*)+} D_s^{(*)-} modes and \bar{B^0} -> D^{(*)+} (\pi^-, \rho^-) known as well-factorizable modes. By taking the ratios BR(\bar{B^0}-> D^{(*)+}D_s^{(*)-})/BR(\bar{B^0}-> D^{(*)+}(\pi^-,\rho^-)), we found that under the present theoretical and experimental uncertainties there's no evidence for the breakdown of factorization description to heavy-heavy decays of the B meson.Comment: 11 pages; submitted to PR

KASR: A Reliable and Practical Approach to Attack Surface Reduction of Commodity OS Kernels

Commodity OS kernels have broad attack surfaces due to the large code base and the numerous features such as device drivers. For a real-world use case (e.g., an Apache Server), many kernel services are unused and only a small amount of kernel code is used. Within the used code, a certain part is invoked only at runtime while the rest are executed at startup and/or shutdown phases in the kernel's lifetime run. In this paper, we propose a reliable and practical system, named KASR, which transparently reduces attack surfaces of commodity OS kernels at runtime without requiring their source code. The KASR system, residing in a trusted hypervisor, achieves the attack surface reduction through a two-step approach: (1) reliably depriving unused code of executable permissions, and (2) transparently segmenting used code and selectively activating them. We implement a prototype of KASR on Xen-4.8.2 hypervisor and evaluate its security effectiveness on Linux kernel-4.4.0-87-generic. Our evaluation shows that KASR reduces the kernel attack surface by 64% and trims off 40% of CVE vulnerabilities. Besides, KASR successfully detects and blocks all 6 real-world kernel rootkits. We measure its performance overhead with three benchmark tools (i.e., SPECINT, httperf and bonnie++). The experimental results indicate that KASR imposes less than 1% performance overhead (compared to an unmodified Xen hypervisor) on all the benchmarks.Comment: The work has been accepted at the 21st International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses 201

The Fundamental Plane of Gamma-ray Globular Clusters

We have investigated the properties of a group of $\gamma$-ray emitting globular clusters (GCs) which have recently been uncovered in our Galaxy. By correlating the observed $\gamma$-ray luminosities $L_{\gamma}$ with various cluster properties, we probe the origin of the high energy photons from these GCs. We report $L_{\gamma}$ is positively correlated with the encounter rate $\Gamma_{c}$ and the metalicity $\left[{\rm Fe/H}\right]$ which place an intimate link between the gamma-ray emission and the millisecond pulsar population. We also find a tendency that $L_{\gamma}$ increase with the energy densities of the soft photon at the cluster location. Furthermore, the two-dimensional regression analysis suggests that $L_{\gamma}$, soft photon densities, and $\Gamma_{c}$/$\left[{\rm Fe/H}\right]$ possibly span fundamental planes which potentially provide better predictions for the $\gamma$-ray properties of GCs.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, published in Ap

QCD factorization for B -> PP

In this work, we give a detailed discussion for QCD factorization involved the complete chirally enhanced power corrections for B decays to two light pseudoscalar mesons, and present some detailed calculations of radiative corrections at the order of alpha_s. We point out that the infrared finiteness of the vertex corrections in the chirally enhanced power corrections requires twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of the light pseudoscalar symmetric. However, even in the symmetric condition, there is also logarithmic divergence from the endpoints of the twist-3 LCDAs in the hard spectator scattering. We point out that the decay amplitudes of B --> PP predicted by QCD factorization are really free of the renormalization scale dependence, at least at the order of alpha_s. At last, we briefly compare the QCD factorization with the generalized factorization and PQCD method.Comment: 31 pages, 3 eps figure