Small B cell lymphocytic lymphoma presenting as obstructive sleep apnea

BACKGROUND: Most lymphomas that involve the tonsil are large B cell lymphomas. Large B-cell lymphoma is a high grade malignancy which progresses rapidly. Tonsillar lymphoma usually presents as either a unilaterally enlarged palatine tonsil or as an ulcerative and fungating lesion over the tonsillar area. Small lymphocytic lymphomas (SLL) of the Waldeyer's ring are uncommon. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 41-year-old male who presented with a ten-year history of snoring. Physical examination revealed smooth bilateral symmetrically enlarged tonsils without abnormal surface change or cervical lymphadenopathy. Palatal redundancy and a narrowed oropharyngeal airway were also noted. The respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was 66 per hour, and severe obstruction sleep apnea (OSA) was suspected. No B symptoms, sore throat, odynophagia or dysphagia was found. We performed uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and pathological examination revealed incidental small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). CONCLUSION: It is uncommon for lymphoma to initially present as OSA. SLL is an indolent malignancy and is not easy to detect in the early stage. We conclude that SLL may be a contributing factor of OSA in the present case

HLA typing in Taiwanese patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

AbstractBackground/purposeThe human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, which plays a vital role in immunity, is the most polymorphic gene complex found in the human genome. This study investigated HLA-related alleles and haplotypes in Taiwanese patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Materials and methodsHLA class I (HLA-A and HLA-B) antigens and class II (HLA-DRB1) alleles were determined in 105 patients with OSCC and compared with those in 190 healthy controls. The antigens were measured serologically and the alleles by sequencing-based typing.ResultsCompared with the control group, patients with OSCC had higher frequencies of HLA-A24, HLA-B54, HLA-DRB1*0405, and HLA-DRB1*1201, while they had lower frequencies of HLA-B58 and HLA-DRB1*1302. Haplotype frequencies also varied significantly in individuals with OSCC, with certain haplotypes associated with lymph node metastases or a particular tumor stage.ConclusionThese results suggest that HLA genetic factors influence susceptibility to OSCC and perhaps to lymph node metastasis and tumor progression

Estimation of Sediment Yield and Transportation in a Watershed River Reach Due to Climate Change

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Leaky-wave metasurfaces for integrated photonics

Metasurfaces have been rapidly advancing our command over the many degrees of freedom of light within compact, lightweight devices. However, so far, they have mostly been limited to manipulating light in free space. Grating couplers provide the opportunity of bridging far-field optical radiation and in-plane guided waves, and thus have become fundamental building blocks in photonic integrated circuits. However, their operation and degree of light control is much more limited than metasurfaces. Metasurfaces integrated on top of guided wave photonic systems have been explored to control the scattering of light off-chip with enhanced functionalities - namely, point-by-point manipulation of amplitude, phase or polarization. However, these efforts have so far been limited to controlling one or two optical degrees of freedom at best, and to device configurations much more complex compared to conventional grating couplers. Here, we introduce leaky-wave metasurfaces, which are based on symmetry-broken photonic crystal slabs that support quasi-bound states in the continuum. This platform has a compact form factor equivalent to the one of conventional grating couplers, but it provides full command over amplitude, phase and polarization (four optical degrees of freedom) across large apertures. We present experimental demonstrations of various functionalities for operation at wavelengths near 1.55 microns based on leaky-wave metasurfaces, including devices for phase and amplitude control at a fixed polarization state, and devices controlling all four optical degrees of freedom. Our results merge the fields of guided and free-space optics under the umbrella of metasurfaces, exploiting the hybrid nature of quasi-bound states in the continuum, for opportunities to advance in disruptive ways imaging, communications, augmented reality, quantum optics, LIDAR and integrated photonic systems.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figure

Emergency Open Cardiac Massage via Subxyphoid Approach in Ruptured Type A Aortic Dissection

Patient sustained cardiac tamponade caused by rupture of type A aortic dissection may result in sudden death. Pericardiocentesis is a lifesaving procedure; nevertheless, blood may occlude the catheter and fail to relieve the pressure. However, open-chest cardiac massage in resuscitation has been studied in animal models by some medical centers and laboratories with inspiring results. We report a 58-year-old woman who was transferred from a local hospital with the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade caused by ruptured type A aortic dissection. Pulseless electrical activity followed by cardiac arrest occurred thereafter. Successful resuscitation in the emergency department was achieved using open cardiac massage through the sub-xyphoid region by opening a pericardial window. Therefore, in unstable patients with cardiac tamponade due to aortic dissection, this resuscitative procedure is feasible, safe and efficient

Sensor Fabrication Method for in Situ Temperature and Humidity Monitoring of Light Emitting Diodes

In this work micro temperature and humidity sensors are fabricated to measure the junction temperature and humidity of light emitting diodes (LED). The junction temperature is frequently measured using thermal resistance measurement technology. The weakness of this method is that the timing of data capture is not regulated by any standard. This investigation develops a device that can stably and continually measure temperature and humidity. The device is light-weight and can monitor junction temperature and humidity in real time. Using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), this study minimizes the size of the micro temperature and humidity sensors, which are constructed on a stainless steel foil substrate (40 μm-thick SS-304). The micro temperature and humidity sensors can be fixed between the LED chip and frame. The sensitivities of the micro temperature and humidity sensors are 0.06 ± 0.005 (Ω/°C) and 0.033 pF/%RH, respectively