Fixed versus Dynamic Co-Occurrence Windows in TextRank Term Weights for Information Retrieval

TextRank is a variant of PageRank typically used in graphs that represent documents, and where vertices denote terms and edges denote relations between terms. Quite often the relation between terms is simple term co-occurrence within a fixed window of k terms. The output of TextRank when applied iteratively is a score for each vertex, i.e. a term weight, that can be used for information retrieval (IR) just like conventional term frequency based term weights. So far, when computing TextRank term weights over co- occurrence graphs, the window of term co-occurrence is al- ways ?xed. This work departs from this, and considers dy- namically adjusted windows of term co-occurrence that fol- low the document structure on a sentence- and paragraph- level. The resulting TextRank term weights are used in a ranking function that re-ranks 1000 initially returned search results in order to improve the precision of the ranking. Ex- periments with two IR collections show that adjusting the vicinity of term co-occurrence when computing TextRank term weights can lead to gains in early precision

How quickly can anyons be braided? Or: How I learned to stop worrying about diabatic errors and love the anyon

Topological phases of matter are a potential platform for the storage and processing of quantum information with intrinsic error rates that decrease exponentially with inverse temperature and with the length scales of the system, such as the distance between quasiparticles. However, it is less well-understood how error rates depend on the speed with which non-Abelian quasiparticles are braided. In general, diabatic corrections to the holonomy or Berry's matrix vanish at least inversely with the length of time for the braid, with faster decay occurring as the time-dependence is made smoother. We show that such corrections will not affect quantum information encoded in topological degrees of freedom, unless they involve the creation of topologically nontrivial quasiparticles. Moreover, we show how measurements that detect unintentionally created quasiparticles can be used to control this source of error.Comment: 33 pages, 18 figures, version 3: extended results to general anyon braidin

Movement Proteins (BC1 and BV1) of Abutilon Mosaic Geminivirus Are Cotransported in and between Cells of Sink but Not of Source Leaves as Detected by Green Fluorescent Protein Tagging

AbstractTwo movement proteins (BV1 and BC1) facilitate the intra- and intercellular transport of begomoviruses in plants. In contrast to other geminiviruses the movement protein BC1 of Abutilon mosaic virus (AbMV) remained in the supernatant after centrifuging plant extracts at 20,000 g. To test whether this unusual behavior results from a distinct intracellular distribution of the protein, the BC1 gene has been fused to the gene of green fluorescent protein (GFP). The resulting plasmids were delivered into nonhost plants (Allium cepa) as well as into mature and immature cells of host plants (Nicotiana tabacum, N. benthamiana) by biolistic bombardment for transient expression in planta. BC1 directed GFP to two different cellular sites. In the majority of nonhost cells as well as in mature cells of host leaves, BC1 was mainly localized in small punctate flecks at the cell periphery or, to a lesser extent, around the nucleus. In sink leaves of host plants, GFP:BC1 additionally developed disc-like structures in the cell periphery. Cobombardment of GFP:BC1 with its cognate infectious DNA A and B did not change their subcellular distribution patterns in source leaves but led to the formation of peculiar needle-like structures in sink leaves. The nuclear shuttle protein (BV1) of AbMV accumulated mainly inside the nuclei as shown by immunohistochemical staining and GFP tagging. In sink cells of host plants it was mobilized to the plasma membrane and to the nucleus of the neighboring cell by coexpressed BC1, GFP:BC1, BC1:GFP, or after cobombardment with the cognate viral DNA. Only under these conditions were GFP:BC1 and BC1:GFP also found in the recipient cell

How Economic Situation Effect on Career Anchors of IT Personnel?

The paper examines how ITP (IT personnel) turnover intention is influenced by career satisfaction, and perceived job alternatives. What considerations lead an IT professional to switch jobs when they are currently satisfied; i.e. when their career anchors are satisfied