Constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings via WγjjW\gamma jj production at the LHC

The vector boson scattering at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is sensitive to anomalous quartic gauge couplings (aQGCs). In this paper, we investigate the aQGC contribution to $W \gamma jj$ production at the LHC with $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV in the context of an effective field theory (EFT). The unitarity bound is applied as a cut on the energy scale of this production process, which is found to have significant suppressive effects on the signals. To enhance the statistical significance, we analyse the kinematic and polarization features of the aQGC signals in detail. We find that the polarization effects induced by the aQGCs are unique and can discriminate the signals from the SM backgrounds well. With the proposed event selection strategy, we obtain the constraints on the coefficients of dimension-8 operators with current luminosity. The results indicate that the process $pp \to W \gamma jj$ is powerful for searching for the $O_{M_{2,3,4,5}}$ and $O_{T_{5,6,7}}$ operators.Comment: 29 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables, to be published in Chinese Physics

Kinematic Basis of Emergent Energetics of Complex Dynamics

Stochastic kinematic description of a complex dynamics is shown to dictate an energetic and thermodynamic structure. An energy function $\varphi(x)$ emerges as the limit of the generalized, nonequilibrium free energy of a Markovian dynamics with vanishing fluctuations. In terms of the $\nabla\varphi$ and its orthogonal field $\gamma(x)\perp\nabla\varphi$, a general vector field $b(x)$ can be decomposed into $-D(x)\nabla\varphi+\gamma$, where $\nabla\cdot\big(\omega(x)\gamma(x)\big)=$ $-\nabla\omega D(x)\nabla\varphi$. The matrix $D(x)$ and scalar $\omega(x)$, two additional characteristics to the $b(x)$ alone, represent the local geometry and density of states intrinsic to the statistical motion in the state space at $x$. $\varphi(x)$ and $\omega(x)$ are interpreted as the emergent energy and degeneracy of the motion, with an energy balance equation $d\varphi(x(t))/dt=\gamma D^{-1}\gamma-bD^{-1}b$, reflecting the geometrical $\|D\nabla\varphi\|^2+\|\gamma\|^2=\|b\|^2$. The partition function employed in statistical mechanics and J. W. Gibbs' method of ensemble change naturally arise; a fluctuation-dissipation theorem is established via the two leading-order asymptotics of entropy production as $\epsilon\to 0$. The present theory provides a mathematical basis for P. W. Anderson's emergent behavior in the hierarchical structure of complexity science.Comment: 7 page