Fractal atomic-level percolation in metallic glasses

Metallic glasses are metallic alloys that exhibit exotic material properties. They may have fractal structures at the atomic level, but a physical mechanism for their organization without ordering has not been identified. We demonstrated a crossover between fractal short-range (<2 atomic diameters) and homogeneous long-range structures using in situ x-ray diffraction, tomography, and molecular dynamics simulations. A specific class of fractal, the percolation cluster, explains the structural details for several metallic-glass compositions. We postulate that atoms percolate in the liquid phase and that the percolating cluster becomes rigid at the glass transition temperature

A generalization of Ore's Theorem involving neighborhood unions

AbstractLet G be a graph of order n. Settling conjectures of Chen and Jackson, we prove the following generalization of Ore's Theorem: If G is 2-connected and |N(u)∪N(v)|⩾12n for every pair of nonadjacent vertices u,v, then either G is hamiltonian, or G is the Petersen graph, or G belongs to one of three families of exceptional graphs of connectivity 2