A Report of the Results Orientation on the Practical Teaching Innovation of the First-Class Applied Course of “Introduction to Civil Engineering”

The core of building first-class applied curriculum is to cultivate first-class applied talents, and the key lies in first-class applied curriculum design. This paper adheres to the concept of results-oriented education (OBE), centering on tasks, main lines, and processes, to meet the needs of application-oriented undergraduate first-class curriculum design and practice. This paper proposes, practices and improves the six-step teaching method based on constructivism, which includes “raising questions (creating situations), discussing problems, introducing hot topics, constructing new knowledge, applying concepts, evaluating effects and reflecting”. It reasonably integrates the case elements of “curriculum ideology and politics”, making the two main courses of “knowledge imparts” and “value guidance” reach the curriculum objectives

Exploration and Practice of the Course Construction and Ideological, Political Reform of Architectural Construction in the Context of “‘Sanquan Education’ strategy” in subject of Architecture

In the context of “‘Sanquan Education’ strategy”, Carrying out curriculum construction and ideological and political reform is an important way to realize the cultivation of talents in applied colleges. It is conducive to strengthening the ideals and beliefs of college students in Civics and realizing the innovation of teaching contents and methods. Through the construction and reform of the course “Building Construction”, students’ professional practice ability has been improved and their learning motivation has been increased

Ag/Ag2O confined visible-light driven catalyst for highly efficient selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes in pure water medium at room temperature

Although photocatalysis has attracted tremendous research interest, there still remains critical challenges (e.g., low visible-light quantum efficiency, organic media, etc.), especially for selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes. Herein, we design and synthesize the first confined photocatalyst by introducing the nanospace of double-shelled hollow silica sphere as a photocatalytic nanoreactor to promote the hydrogenation reaction with the fast reaction kinetics. This photocatalyst exhibits excellent activity, selectivity, and recyclability. Especially, superior selectivity (>99%) is achieved when used for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes under visible-light irradiation in pure water medium. Both experimental and theoretical simulation results indicate that the Ag/Ag2O structure and confined nanospace of the photocatalyst greatly increase the contact probability between photogenerated atomic hydrogen and nitroarenes. Additionally, corresponding anilines are obtained almost quantitatively towards the hydrogenation of nitroarenes in pure water medium at room temperature. Therefore, this work provides a rational design concept of highly efficient visible-light photocatalyst for green chemistry industry

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides in supercapacitors and secondary batteries

Supercapacitors and secondary batteries are indispensable and widely used energy storage components in modern electrical and electronic facilities/devices. However, they both suffer from different technical weaknesses which need to be thoroughly addressed to satisfy the increasing demand for clean energy technologies. For many years efforts to overcome these technical challenges have reached their practical limits, but recent progress on two dimensional (2D) materials, such as thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), has been considered more encouraging. Owing to their thin and flexible aspects, large electrochemical active surface area (EASA), high surface tunability, rich coordination sites, and both Faradaic and Non-Faradaic electrochemical behaviours, 2D TMDs play particular roles in improving many aspects of energy storage devices. This concise review summarizes current challenges facing both supercapacitors and secondary batteries, and discusses how 2D TMDs can be utilized to improve their performance. Building on their thin and flexible features, we further discuss how the emerging flexible and thin energy storage devices can benefit from the 2D TMDs, and make suggestions as to how these 2D TMDs can be engineered for future energy storage applications

Research and Design of Fault Indicator Using Comprehensive Detection and Identification Method

With the progress and development of society, the power supply quality of power system is required to be higher and higher. It is necessary to locate the fault and remove it quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to install fault indicator on distribution line to improve the efficiency of finding fault location. As an important part of distribution network, the 10kV overhead line has the characteristics of many branches, wide coverage area, time-consuming and labor-consuming in line inspection and maintenance. The fault indicators currently used have problems such as complex structure, high cost of installation and deployment, and inaccurate fault detection. In this paper, a new type of fault indicator is proposed, which uses the comprehensive fault detection method. DSP processor is used to collect, calculate and process the voltage and current information of power grid. Through the embedded programming language, the comprehensive fault detection and identification is realized. Finally, the acquisition accuracy and fault judgment accuracy of the fault indicator are tested by simulating the fault signal in the laboratory. The experimental results show that the proposed fault indicator has high accuracy and can meet the requirements of fault indication, location and alarm

Engineering 2D Materials: A Viable Pathway for Improved Electrochemical Energy Storage

© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH Electrochemical energy storage (EES) plays a critical role in tackling climate change and the energy crisis, unfortunately it faces several challenges. Unlike conventional electrode materials which are gradually approaching their capacity limit, the emerging atomically thin 2D materials can potentially open up various new possibilities for design and fabrication of novel EES devices. The studies in this area to date have laid the groundwork in understanding fundamental physics and chemistry of 2D materials, enabling a toolbox of engineering strategies to be used to improve the EES performance. This report reviews recent progress in engineering 2D materials for EES applications. Both theoretical and experimental investigations in this area are summarized, and pathways toward improved EES performance and their novel applications are highlighted based on appropriate integration of promising strategies such as the surface activation, chemical doping, phase engineering, and hybrid structures

Changes in albedo and its radiative forcing of grasslands in East Asia drylands

Abstract Background Grasslands in drylands are increasingly influenced by human activities and climate change, leading to alterations in albedo and radiative energy balance among others. Surface biophysical properties and their interactions change greatly following disturbances. However, our understanding of these processes and their climatic impacts remains limited. In this study, we used multi-year observations from satellites and eddy-covariance towers to investigate the response of albedo to variables closely associated with human disturbances, including vegetation greenness (EVI) and surface soil volumetric water content (VWC), as well as snow cover and clearness index (T a) for their potential relationships. Results EVI and VWC during the growing season were the primary factors influencing albedo. EVI and VWC were negatively correlated with albedo, with VWC’s total direct and indirect impacts being slightly smaller than those of EVI. During the non-growing season, snow cover was the most influential factor on albedo. VWC and Ta negatively affected albedo throughout the year. We estimated the impact of variations in EVI and VWC on climate to be in the range of 0.004 to 0.113 kg CO2 m−2 yr−1 in CO2 equivalent. Conclusions This study indicates the significant impacts of climate change and human disturbances on vulnerable grassland ecosystems from the perspective of altered albedo. Changes in vegetation greenness and soil properties induced by climate change and human activities may have a substantial impact on albedo, which in turn feedback on climate change, indicating that future climate policies should take this factor into consideration