4,215 research outputs found
Proton Mass Decomposition from the QCD Energy Momentum Tensor
We report results on the proton mass decomposition and also on related quark
and glue momentum fractions. The results are based on overlap valence fermions
on four ensembles of DWF configurations with three lattice spacings
and three volumes, and several pion masses including the physical pion mass.
With fully non-perturbative renormalization (and universal normalization on
both quark and gluon), we find that the quark energy and glue field energy
contribute 33(4)(4)\% and 37(5)(4)\% respectively in the scheme
at GeV. A quarter of the trace anomaly gives a 23(1)(1)\%
contribution to the proton mass based on the sum rule, given 9(2)(1)\%
contribution from the and quark scalar condensates. The and
glue momentum fractions in the scheme are in good agreement
with global analyses at GeV.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
The Activation of Macrophage and Upregulation of CD40 Costimulatory Molecule in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury
To study the activation of macrophage and upregulation of costimulatory molecule of CD40 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute lung injury (ALI) model, and to investigate the pathogenecy of ALI, mice were randomly divided into two groups. ALI model was created by injecting 0.2 mg/kg LPS in phosphate saline (PBS) in trachea. The pathologic changes of mice lungs were observed by HE staining at 24 and 48 hours after LPS treatment, then the alveolar septum damage, abnormal contraction, alveolar space hyperemia, and neutrophils or other inflammatory cells infiltration in the LPS group, but not in the control group, were observed. The expression of CD40 mRNA and CD40 protein molecules were higher in LPS group as compared to the control group by Northern blot and flow cytometry, respectively. Expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) in activated macrophage (AMΦ) was higher in LPS group as compared to the control group by RT-PCR. The activation of NF-κB binding to NF-κB consensus oligos increased in LPS group by EMSA in macrophage. The concentrations of TNF-α, MIP-2, and IL-1β cytokines from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were increased significantly in LPS group as compared to the control group by ELISA. The activation of AM and upregulation of costimulatory molecule CD40 induced all kinds of inflammatory cytokines releasing, then led to ALI. Therefore, both of them played vital role in the process of development of ALI
2-[(1,3-Benzothiazol-2-yl)iminomethyl]phenol
The title compound, C14H10N2OS, is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.0698 (13) Å from the mean plane, and exists in an E configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 2.81 (9)°. There is an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and intermolecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds
Relphormer: Relational Graph Transformer for Knowledge Graph Representations
Transformers have achieved remarkable performance in widespread fields,
including natural language processing, computer vision and graph mining.
However, vanilla Transformer architectures have not yielded promising
improvements in the Knowledge Graph (KG) representations, where the
translational distance paradigm dominates this area. Note that vanilla
Transformer architectures struggle to capture the intrinsically heterogeneous
structural and semantic information of knowledge graphs. To this end, we
propose a new variant of Transformer for knowledge graph representations dubbed
Relphormer. Specifically, we introduce Triple2Seq which can dynamically sample
contextualized sub-graph sequences as the input to alleviate the heterogeneity
issue. We propose a novel structure-enhanced self-attention mechanism to encode
the relational information and keep the semantic information within entities
and relations. Moreover, we utilize masked knowledge modeling for general
knowledge graph representation learning, which can be applied to various
KG-based tasks including knowledge graph completion, question answering, and
recommendation. Experimental results on six datasets show that Relphormer can
obtain better performance compared with baselines. Code is available in
https://github.com/zjunlp/Relphormer.Comment: Work in progres
A machine vision based automatic optical inspection system for measuring drilling quality of printed circuit boards
In this paper, we develop and put into practice an automatic optical inspection (AOI) system based on machine vision to check the holes on a printed circuit board (PCB). We incorporate the hardware and software. For the hardware part, we combine a PC, the three-axis positioning system, a lighting device, and charge-coupled device cameras. For the software part, we utilize image registration, image segmentation, drill numbering, drill contrast, and defect displays to achieve this system. Results indicated that an accuracy of 5 mu m could be achieved in errors of the PCB holes allowing comparisons to be made. This is significant in inspecting the missing, the multi-hole, and the incorrect location of the holes. However, previous work only focuses on one or other feature of the holes. Our research is able to assess multiple features: missing holes, incorrectly located holes, and excessive holes. Equally, our results could be displayed as a bar chart and target plot. This has not been achieved before. These displays help users to analyze the causes of errors and immediately correct the problems. In addition, this AOI system is valuable for checking a large number of holes and finding out the defective ones on a PCB. Meanwhile, we apply a 0.1-mm image resolution, which is better than others used in industry. We set a detecting standard based on 2-mm diameter of circles to diagnose the quality of the holes within 10 s
1,4a,7-Trimethyl-7-vinyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,8,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid
The title compound, also known as isopimaric acid, C20H30O2, was isolated from slash pine rosin. There are two unique molecules in the unit cell. The two cyclohexane rings have classical chair conformations. The cyclohexene ring represents a semi-chair. The molecular conformation is stabilized by weak intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions. The molecules are dimerized through their carboxyl groups by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming R
2
2(8) rings
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