Visualization of nitroxyl (HNO) in vivo via a lysosome-targetable near-infrared fluorescent probe

We have presented a near-infrared fluorescent probe Lyso-JN for the detection of nitroxyl (HNO) in cells and in vivo. Lyso-JN is comprised of three moieties: an Aza-BODIPY fluorophore, a HNO-response modulator, diphenylphosphino-benzoyl, and a lysosomal locator, alkylmorpholine. The detection mechanism is based on aza-ylide intramolecular ester aminolysis reaction with HNO. The probe holds the ability to capture lysosomal HNO in RAW 264.7 cells, and it is also successfully employed to visualize HNO in mice.We have presented a near-infrared fluorescent probe Lyso-JN for the detection of nitroxyl (HNO) in cells and in vivo. Lyso-JN is comprised of three moieties: an Aza-BODIPY fluorophore, a HNO-response modulator, diphenylphosphino-benzoyl, and a lysosomal locator, alkylmorpholine. The detection mechanism is based on aza-ylide intramolecular ester aminolysis reaction with HNO. The probe holds the ability to capture lysosomal HNO in RAW 264.7 cells, and it is also successfully employed to visualize HNO in mice

核-壳型分子印迹聚合物的制备与应用

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a new kind of smart polymers with molecular recognition sites complementary to the template molecules in shape, size and functional groups. MIPs can selectively recognize and effectively concentrate target analytes (template molecules) as well as reduce matrices interferences, and they have been widely applied in many fields such as sample pretreatment, chemical/biological sensors, and drug delivery. However, there are still some problems during the traditional synthesis processes of MIPs, such as incomplete template removal, low binding capacity, slow mass transfer and binding kinetic. Surface imprinting is a very effective way to solve the problems, and the resultant core-shell MIPs have cavities at the polymer surface or close to the surface, which can facilitate the elution and diffusion of the template molecules, and increase effective recognition sites and improve imprinting capacities. This review summarizes several types of core-shell MIPs including magnetic core and non-magnetic core, focusing on their preparation and applications. Also, the preparation and development of hollow core-shell MIPs are discussed. Finally, the future outlook of core-shell MIPs is proposed

Nanomaterial-based optical sensors for mercury ions

As one of the most toxic heavy metals, mercury ion (Hg2+) has become a concern focus for its severe threats to environment and human health. As a result, it is of great importance to develop novel methods to realize the recognition and quantification of Hg2+. The past decades witness the development of nanomaterial-based optical sensors for Hg2+ detection, showing the benefits of simplicity, rapidity, high sensitivity and selectivity, and cost-effectiveness. The reported methods have allowed the detectability down to nanomolar concentrations or much lower levels, and proved their practical applications for detecting and quantifying Hg2+, in synthetic solutions or natural water samples. In this review, we summarize the published innovations in nanomaterial-based optical sensors for the detection of Hg2+ according to different sensing strategies, including colorimetric, fluorescent and surface enhanced Raman scattering detection. Moreover, some challenges and significant attempts related to these methods are also discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Synthesis of multi-ion imprinted polymers based on dithizone chelation for simultaneous removal of Hg2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions

Simultaneous analysis and removal of various heavy metal ions has received increasing concerns because they are usually co-existent with different toxicological effects. Ion imprinted polymers (IIPs) can effectively identify water-soluble ions especially heavy metal ions, however, multi-ion imprinting is rarely performed owing to possible cross-reactivity and matrix interferences. In this work, a novel and generally applicable IIPs strategy was proposed for simultaneous preconcentration and removal of four heavy metal ions based on dithizone chelation. Multi-ion imprinted polymers (MIIPs) embedded in a sal-gel matrix were prepared by using Hg2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ as templates and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a functional monomer, and the possible synergy mechanism was explored between dithizone coordination chemistry and multi -ion imprinting. The structures, morphologies and thermostability of MIIPs were well characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The resultant MIIPs showed high binding capacity and fast dynamics, and the adsorption processes obeyed Langmuir isotherm and pseudo -second -order dynamic models. The MIIPs displayed excellent selectivity toward the four target ions particularly over Pb2+, Zn2+ and Co2+ with selective coefficients of 6.8-16.9, as well as high anti interference ability when confronted with common co-present various ions. Moreover, a high preparation yield of 41% and good reusability over 90% desorption efficiency were obtained. Consequently, the MIIPs were used as solid -phase extraction sorbents for preconcentration of trace Hg2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+, presenting high detectability up to 6.0-22.5 ng L-1 and satisfactory recoveries ranging from 94.7-110.2% in seawater samples. The developed MIIPs-based method proved to be a practically feasible method in heavy metal removal and water pretreatment

重金属离子印迹技术

Molecular imprinting technology(MIT) is known as a technology for creation of tailor-made binding sites with memory of the shape, size and functional groups of the template molecules. Ion imprinting technology is the technology that creating three-dimensional cavity structures in a polymer matrix, i.e., ion imprinting polymers (IIPs) by the copolymerization of functional monomers and cross-linkers in the presence of target ion that act as template molecules based on coordination or electrostatic interactions. After removal of the template ion with acidic reagent, recognition cavities complementary to the template ion were formed in the highly cross-linked polymer matrix. Owing to the special coordination, ion imprinting technology, as an important branch of MIT, obtained the rapid development. Heavy metal ion as the most typical water-soluble ion, has gained increasing concerns. So, effective identification and quantification of heavy metal ions by using ion imprinting polymers are highly crucial. The principles, synthesis strategies of ion imprinting and advantages on analysis of trace and ultra-trace metal are introduced in the review.Then, the applications of ion imprinted polymers for typical heave metal ions from environmental monitoring including lead, mercury, copper, cadmium, chromium and arsenic ions are summarized. Finally, the challenges and possible solution strategies, and future trends are proposed