Svalbarðs fundr: The Place Name Svalbard and Its Connotations in Medieval and Modern Literature and Cartography

The paper analyses medieval forms of the name Svalbard as applied to the land “discovered” in 1194, suggests that this Arctic discovery could have been named after a farmstead in Iceland, and follows the story of the name by discussing its contexts in medieval and modern literature and on maps. However little information about Svalbard survived in the Icelandic annals, the Landnámabók, and related texts, it became part of competing visions of the Arctic, from the late medieval Samsons saga fagrathrough the adoption of Svalbard as the name of a new territory under Norwegian rule in 1925

Role of Information Component in Adult Education

The article considers the issue of strengthening the role of informational culture of the individual in modern sociocultural conditions. The results of comparative analysis of the main features of the traditional “knowledge” paradigm and the new educational strategy are presented. The characteristics of “knowledge society” and the evolving information society are presented. Definitions of terms “informatization,” “informational society,” “informational culture” are given and substantiated. It is emphasized that the status of knowledge itself changes with the formation of the global information space. Considering the key stages of the new educational strategy, the author uses the categories “information component” and “information approach.” Special attention is paid to the conceptual and methodological aspects of the implementation of the new paradigm in adult education, due to the formation of new functional systems of socio-professional environment in the global informatization. The conditions of organization and development of information environment of vocational education institutions are revealed and concretized. It is concluded that at present there is every reason to talk about the formation of a new informational culture of the individual, which becomes one of the main factors of the formation of a new type of society (including the professional community)

Simulation of four-wheeled robot chassis taking into account contact interaction

One of the tasks of the development and research of moving objects is the modeling of the controlled object. To solve the control synthesis problem, the development of models of mobile ground-based robots is a well-developed area. However, there are situations when the movement of the developed model does not correspond to the experimental data due to the fact that complex processes of contact interaction between the robot chassis and the surface of the ground or the object along which the robot moves are not taken into account. Because of this, errors may occur in the control loops. The paper proposes a robot movement simulation based on a model-based design method. The chassis has a four-wheeled architecture. All wheels interact with the ground through contact interaction and create forces and torques. The obtained results allow us to develop more complete motion models of ground-based robots

ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНІ ТА НЕПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНІ ФОРМИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗНАНЬ У ЦИВІЛЬНОМУ ТА ГОСПОДАРСЬКОМУ ПРОЦЕСАХ

The article considers types and characteristics of special knowledge as well as legal status of persons applying special knowledge while civil and economic proceedings. The Article purpose is to identify existing gaps in civil and economic procedural legislation in relation to various forms of implementing special knowledge based on the analysis of description of their common features and identification of their application peculiarities in civil and economic proceedings. When considering the comparative legal research method, similarities and differences in entities using special knowledge, namely in a specialist, translator, teacher, were established. The analysis of norms of the current procedural legislation enables to deduce that a number of forms of special knowledge use can be distinguished in civil and economic proceedings, namely: court expertise; competent individuals’ expertise without involving them in a trial; attracting competent persons to participate in civil or economic proceedings; using the results of forensic examinations: forensic reports. The issues of legal regulation for a translator candidate choice in civil or economic proceedings and the problem of translators’ incompetence in legal terminology are identified. Methods for improving participation of translators in the proceedings were established. The opinions and observations of scientists in the field of law on the use of special knowledge in the field of law were analyzed, and the possibility of conducting legal vetting while court proceedings was criticized. It was established that procedural definition of special knowledge must necessarily include their general scientific concept as direct substantive basis for the concept of procedural, and the latter will determine only boundaries and forms of this knowledge special use in civil and economic proceedings, as well as legally significant consequences of such use. The analysis of forms of special knowledge use in civil and economic proceedings provides grounds to consider that, except for special knowledge that is used in the form of forensic examination, other forms are also used which are given a detailed description.В статье рассмотрены виды и характеристики специальных знаний, а также правовой статус лиц, применяющих специальные знания в гражданском и хозяйственном процессах. Целью статьи является выявление существующих пробелов в гражданском и хозяйственном процессуальном законодательствах в отношении разных форм использования специальных знаний на основе анализа описания их общих черт и установления особенностей их применения в гражданском и хозяйственном процессах. Используя сравнительно-правовой метод исследования, было установлено сходство и выявлены различия субъектов, использующих специальные знания, а именно: специалиста, переводчика, педагога. Анализ норм действующего процессуального законодательства дает возможность сделать вывод о том, что в гражданском и хозяйственном процессах можно выделить ряд форм использования специальных знаний, а именно: знаний, которыми обладает суд; знаний компетентных лиц без привлечения их к участию в процессе; привлечения компетентных лиц к участию в гражданском или хозяйственном процессе; использования результатов судебных экспертиз — заключений эксперта. Определены вопросы правового регулирования выбора кандидатуры переводчика в гражданском или хозяйственном процессе и проблема некомпетентности переводчиков в юридической терминологии. Установлены методы совершенствования участия переводчиков в процессе. Проанализированы мнения и наблюдения учёных в области права по использованию специальных знаний в этой сфере и подвергнута критике возможность проведения правовых экспертиз в судебном процессе. Установлено, что в процессуальное определение специальных знаний обязательно должно включаться их общенаучное понятие как непосредственно содержательная основа понятия процессуального, а последнее будет определять только границы и формы особенного использования этих знаний в гражданском и хозяйственном процессах, а также юридически значимые последствия такого использования. Анализ форм использования специальных знаний в гражданском и хозяйственном процессах даёт все основания считать, что помимо специальных знаний, применяемых в форме экспертизы, применяются и другие формы, которым дана развёрнутая характеристика.У статті розглянуто види та характеристики спеціальних знань, а також правовий статус осіб, яких залучають для застосування спеціальних знань у цивільному й господарському процесах. Використовуючи порівняльно-правовий метод дослідження, було визначено схожість і відмінності суб’єктів, які використовують спеціальні знання, а саме спеціаліста, перекладача, педагога, тощо. Окреслено питання правового врегулювання залучення кандидатури перекладача до процесу та проблему некомпетентності перекладачів у юридичній термінології. Визначено шляхи вдосконалення участі перекладачів у судовому процесі. Проаналізовано думки та спостереження науковців у галузі права щодо використання спеціальних знань у сфері права та заперечено можливість проведення правових експертиз у судовому процесі

Component-aware Orchestration of Cloud-based Enterprise Applications, from TOSCA to Docker and Kubernetes

Enterprise IT is currently facing the challenge of coordinating the management of complex, multi-component applications across heterogeneous cloud platforms. Containers and container orchestrators provide a valuable solution to deploy multi-component applications over cloud platforms, by coupling the lifecycle of each application component to that of its hosting container. We hereby propose a solution for going beyond such a coupling, based on the OASIS standard TOSCA and on Docker. We indeed propose a novel approach for deploying multi-component applications on top of existing container orchestrators, which allows to manage each component independently from the container used to run it. We also present prototype tools implementing our approach, and we show how we effectively exploited them to carry out a concrete case study

Fe3O4 nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide&carbon nanotubes-based composite for sensitive detection of imatinib in plasma and urine

In this study, a new reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been synthesized via a facile and envi­ronmentally friendly process using Callicarpa maingayi leaf extract. A novel magnetic catalyst based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide&carbon nanotubes ((Fe3O4- -(rGO&CNT)) was prepared and characterized by hydrothermal method. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles with an average size of 25 to 40 nm were placed on carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide sheets, while carbon nanotubes inserted between the reduced graphene oxide sheets effectively prevented their aggregation. The (Fe3O4-(rGO&CNT) composite has a large surface area and good electrocatalytic properties, suiting for the detection and determination of imatinib (IM) anticancer drug by voltammetry method. Under opti­mi­zed conditions, good linearity was achieved in the concentration range of 0.1 to 40 μmol L-1 and the limit of detection and sensitivity were 57 nmol L-1 and 3.365 μA L μmol-1, respectively. Furthermore, the fabricated sensor demonstrated acceptable reproducible behaviour and accuracy and a high level of stability during all electrochemical tests. In addition, the proposed method was applied for the detection of IM in biological samples and the recoveries were 94.0 to 98.5 %, with relative standard deviations of 2.1 to 4.4 %.

Synthesis of silver nanocatalyst in presence of poly(ethylene glycol) and its application for electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide

The synthesis of powdered Ag nanoparticles in presence of poly(ethylene glycol) as reducing agent and stabilizer in aqueous medium is reported. The structure and properties of the Ag nanoparticles have been characterised by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray data. XRD study shows that the particles are crystalline in nature with face centered cubic geometry. Formation of stable silver nanoparticles gives mostly spherical particles with diameter in the range of 12–30 nm. The catalytic activity of the nanocrystalline AgNPs, for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide has been studied at the surface of glassy carbon electrode modified with Ag nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate) (AgNPs-PMMA/GCE) prepared by casting of the AgNPs-PMMA solution on GCE. The sensor responds to H2O2 with high selectivity, good reproducibility and stability, over a linear range of 22–1700 µM with a detection limit of 4.8 µM using amperometry.

Distribution of Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Co, Mo, As in alluvial soils of floodplain landscapes of the Sozh river basin

The studies were carried out in the western part of the Bryansk Region in the landscapes of the Sozh River basin (Iput’ River, tributary of the 1st order, south of the village of Perevoz; River Besed', tributary of the 1st order, northwest of the village of Baturovka; River Unecha, tributary 2nd order, west of the village of Lopatny). The aim of this work is to study the features of the vertical and horizontal distribution of the gross content of Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Co, Mo, As in the alluvial soils of floodplain landscapes. The selection of soil samples for the determination of the gross content of trace elements was carried out in subsystems of the floodplain landscape, different in geomorphology and hydrology, by the method of soil springs. Each key soil plot was a full-profile soil pit and four reconnaissance pits. Samples were taken from the walls of the cuts every 5 cm, mixed and averaged by the quartering method. The gross content of trace elements was determined by the atomic absorption method, after preliminary decomposition of the samples with a mixture of concentrated nitric and hydrofluoric acids using a microwave system. Variations in the content of trace elements in the layers of alluvial soils were assessed using the coefficient of variation. To characterize the degree of concentration or dispersion of trace elements in soils, the concentration clarke was calculated. As a result of the research, it was found that the vertical distribution of trace elements in the 0–20 cm layer is determined by their chemical properties and the genesis of the soils of the floodplain subsystems, and can be uniform, decreasing/increasing with depth or with concentration in separate layers. Clarke concentrations of microelements and their content increase in the direction from the riverbed to the near-terrace subsystem of the floodplain. Concentrations of elements in the soils of floodplain landscapes do not exceed the clarke value. The exceptions are Cr, Zn and Cu in the soil of the near-terrace subsystem of the river Unecha, Cd – in the soil of the central subsystem of the river Besed’, as well as Cu and Cd – in the soil of the near-terrace subsystem of the river Besed’. An excess of the clarke value for some elements may indicate their anthropogenic origin