Prevalencia de la infección urinaria adquirida en la comunidad en pacientes con HIV/SIDA

A correlational prevalence study was conducted with the aim of knowing the casuistry of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and suffering from urinary tract infection (UTI). Patients having both HIV/ AIDS and UTI at the same time were identified.  These patients had had outpatient consultation at Clinica Central de Especialistas in Neiva, between 1998 and 2008. The variables analyzed were age, sex, social status, urine culture, recount of CD4 prior to infection, viral load before infection, prescribed treatment and treatment for UTI.  The Epi info version 3.5 program was used to analyze the data gathered by means of a questionnaire. A database was created which allowed to carry out a better and more efficient analysis of variables. The most important results were: 13 out of 273 patients were found to suffer from UTI, 63% were women and 76.9% were between 20 and 50 years old. The main isolated microorganism was Escherichia coli in a 61.5%, the most common prescribed treatment for UTI was ciprofloxacin in 7 cases; for CD4 recount, 61.5% of the patients had recounts < 200; 76.9% of the patients had viral load < 100.000 copies.  Con el fin de conocer la casuística de los pacientes con infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) que presentaban infección de vías urinarias (IVU), se realizó un estudio de corte retrospectivo que se llevó a cabo a través de la identificación de pacientes VIH/ SIDA que presentan concomitantemente IVU, tratados en la consulta externa de la Clínica Central de Especialistas de la Ciudad de Neiva entre los años 1998-2008; las variables estudiadas fueron edad, sexo, estrato, urocultivo, recuento de CD4 previos a la infección, carga viral previa a la infección, tratamiento instaurado y tratamiento antirretroviral. Se utilizó el programa Epiinfo versión 3.5, en donde previa elaboración del cuestionario a utilizar se digitaron los datos con el fin de crear una base de datos, que permitió, una vez terminada la revisión de las historias clínicas, realizar un mejor y más eficiente análisis de las variables. Los resultados más importantes fueron: para un total de 273 pacientes se encontraron 13 casos de infección de vías urinarias de los cuales el 62% eran mujeres y el 76,9% estaban entre 20 y 50 años; el principal germen aislado fue la Escherichiacoli en un 61,5%; el principal tratamiento instaurado fue en siete casos con ciprofloxacina; para el recuento de CD4 el 61,5% tenían un recuento menor a 200, y para la carga viral el 76,9% de los casos tenían una carga viral menor de 100.000 copias

Trypanosoma cruzi seroprevalence among solid organ donors in Ceará State, Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The transmission of Chagas disease (CD) through blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and oral transmission has gained greater visibility as a result of intensified vector control activities in endemic regions and to control CD in non-endemic regions. In Brazil, Ceará is one of the states that perform the most organ transplants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in organ donor candidates. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from potential organ donors at the Center of Transplantation of the State of Ceará from 2010 - 2015. RESULTS: Data from a total of 2,822 potential donors were obtained, of which 1,038 were effective donors and 1,784 were excluded, likely due to lack of family authorization or medical contraindication. The prevalence of T. cruzi infection among these potential donors was 1.3% (n = 29). The majority of infected donors were males aged 41 - 60 years, residing in the interior of the state. Interestingly, 72.4% (n = 21) had positive or inconclusive serology for additional infections, such as cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and C, and toxoplasmosis. Probability analysis revealed that stroke was the most common cause of death among potential donors with CD. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of CD and other coinfections among potential solid organ donors in Ceará, and statistical tests have shown that these individuals are at increased risk of stroke when compared to potential non-reactive donors. This work highlights the importance of screening DC infection in potential donors