4 research outputs found
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A Nanoparticle Size Series for In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging
Chemistry and Chemical Biolog
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Re-Engineering the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Drug Delivery
Tumors are similar to organs, with unique physiology giving rise to an unusual set of transport barriers to drug delivery. Cancer therapy is limited by non-uniform drug delivery via blood vessels, inhomogeneous drug transport into tumor interstitium from the vascular compartment, and hindered transport through tumor interstitium to the target cells. Four major abnormal physical and physiological properties contribute to these transport barriers. Accumulated solid stress compresses blood vessels to diminish the drug supply to many tumor regions. Immature vasculature with high viscous and geometric resistances and reduced pressure gradients leads to sluggish and heterogeneous blood flow in tumors to further limit drug supply. Nonfunctional lymphatics coupled with highly permeable blood vessels result in elevated hydrostatic pressure in tumors to abrogate convective drug transport from blood vessels into and throughout most of the tumor tissue. Finally, a dense structure of interstitial matrix and cells serves as a tortuous, viscous, and steric barrier to diffusion of therapeutic agents. In this dissertation, I discuss the origins and implications of these barriers. I then highlight strategies I have developed for overcoming these barriers by modulating either drug properties or the tumor microenvironment itself to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of drugs in tumors.Engineering and Applied Science
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Normalization of tumour blood vessels improves the delivery of nanomedicines in a size-dependent manner
The blood vessels of cancerous tumours are leaky1–3 and poorly organized4–7. This can increase the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) inside tumours and reduce blood supply to them, which impairs drug delivery8–9. Anti-angiogenic therapies – which “normalize” the abnormal blood vessels in tumours by making them less leaky – have been shown to improve the delivery and effectiveness of chemotherapeutics with low molecular-weights10, but it remains unclear whether normalizing tumour vessels can improve the delivery of nanomedicines. Here we show that repairing the abnormal vessels in mammary tumours, by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2, improves the delivery of small nanoparticles (12nm diameter) while hindering the delivery of large nanoparticles (125nm diameter). We utilize a mathematical model to show that reducing vessel wall pore sizes through normalization decreases IFP in tumours, allowing small nanoparticles to enter them more rapidly. However, increased steric and hydrodynamic hindrances, also associated with smaller pores, make it more difficult for large nanoparticles to enter tumours. Our results further suggest that smaller (~12nm) nanomedicines are ideal for cancer therapy, owing to superior tumour penetration.Engineering and Applied Science
Abstracts of National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020
This book presents the abstracts of the papers presented to the Online National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020 (RDMPMC-2020) held on 26th and 27th August 2020 organized by the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Science in Association with the Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.
Conference Title: National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020Conference Acronym: RDMPMC-2020Conference Date: 26–27 August 2020Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology JamshedpurCo-organizer: Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, IndiaConference Sponsor: TEQIP-