Comparison of clinical outcomes following CuT-380A insertion in postplacental period with interval insertion

Background: Postplacental intra-uterine device has many benefits like providing contraception immediately after childbirth, non-interference with lactation and high efficacy. However, concerns about its safety have led to decreased use of this method of contraception. Hence, this study aims to compare the complication rates following insertion of immediate postplacental IUCD (PPIUCD) with interval insertion.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted under the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in PGIMER, Chandigarh. 196 women were included in the study. Women were divided in two groups, those who were inserted with immediate postplacental IUCD versus those who had IUCD insertion in interval period. The two groups were followed up for a period of 6 months and complications were recorded. The PPIUCD group was further subdivided into 2 subgroups based on mode of delivery, vaginal delivery and caesarean section. These PPIUCD subgroups were also compared.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of pelvic pain, infection, abnormal uterine bleeding and expulsion between the PPIUCD and interval group. However, when the PPIUCD subgroups were compared, it was seen that no woman in caesarean section subgroup had expulsion of IUCD whereas 9.8% women had expulsion in the vaginal delivery PPIUCD subgroup.Conclusions: Postplacental and interval IUCD seem to be comparable for the incidence of various complications. However, intra-caesarean PPIUCD insertion seems to have a much lower expulsion rate as compared to vaginal delivery PPIUCD insertion

Data Mining Techniques for Weather Prediction: A Review

Data mining is the computer assisted process of digging through and analysing enormous sets of data and then extracting the meaningful data. Data mining tools predicts behaviours and future trends, allowing businesses to make proactive decisions. It can answer questions that traditionally were very time consuming to resolve. Therefore they can be used to predict meteorological data that is weather prediction. Weather prediction is a vital application in meteorology and has been one of the most scientifically and technologically challenging problems across the world in the last century. Predicting the weather is essential to help preparing for the best and the worst of the climate. Accurate Weather Prediction has been one of the most challenging problems around the world. Many weather predictions like rainfall prediction, thunderstorm prediction, predicting cloud conditions are major challenges for atmospheric research. This paper presents the review of Data Mining Techniques for Weather Prediction and studies the benefit of using it. The paper provides a survey of available literatures of some algorithms employed by different researchers to utilize various data mining techniques, for Weather Prediction. The work that has been done by various researchers in this field has been reviewed and compared in a tabular form. For weather prediction, decision tree and k-mean clustering proves to be good with higher prediction accuracy than other techniques of data mining

Using the Advantages of NOSQL: A Case Study on MongoDB

With such a big volume of data growing tremendously every day, the storage of information, support and maintenance have become difficult. A further level of difficulty is added by the variety of data being captured. The data stored and updated on daily bases is in the form of logs, audio, video, sensor data and so on, which is not easy to be stored and queried using relational database. The paper gives the overview of NOSQL databases which provide more scalability and efficiency in storage and access of the data. A case study on MongoDB is done as to show the representational format and querying process of NOSQL database. The concepts of MongoDB are compared to the relational databases

A comparative review of maternal and neonatal outcome among pregnant women with COVID-19 in first and second wave in a tertiary care centre of South Rajasthan

Background: Corona virus disease 2019 has taken a huge toll over health infrastructure and care all across the world. This article depicts our experience of COVID-19 in pregnant women and analyses maternal and neonatal outcome of same in first and second wave of this pandemic. Aim and objectives of the study were to compare the demographic characteristics, presenting features and fetomaternal outcome in COVID positive pregnant women in first v/s second wave in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The RTPCR COVID-19 positive pregnant women admitted during the period April-2020 to March-2021 were considered in 1st wave of COVD-19 and that from April-2021 till June-2021 as 2nd wave of COVID-19. Data like baseline characteristics, past medical, obstetric history, clinical presentation, laboratory results, imaging findings, management modalities, maternal and neonatal outcome were analysed and compared.Results:  Peak of 1st wave of COVID-19 was found during the months of July-September 2020, while of 2nd in April-June 2021. Most women presented with COVID-19 RTPCR positive were asymptomatic both in 1st and 2nd wave. Though most patients were managed on room air in both waves, 6.52% and 9.38% were on oxygen, 1.09% and 10.94% were managed with mechanical ventilation and BIPAP in 1st and 2nd wave respectively. There was significant (p<0.05) increase in maternal deaths in the 2nd wave (7.03%) as compared to 1st wave (1.09%).Conclusions: A significantly large number of patients were affected in 2nd wave of COVID-19 pandemic with more morbidity and mortality. Neonatal population remained relatively unaffected in both waves

Emergence of resistance to linezolid in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus reported from the sub Himalayan region of India

The spread of resistance among coagulase negative Staphylococci against major drugs is alarming as it limits the treatment options for serious infections. Resistance to linezolid in these organisms is emerging and further compounded by being observed in multidrug resistant strains. It is the only antibiotic available as an oral formulation for resistant Staphylococcal infections and due to the presence of a novel structure and unique mechanism of action, it does not display cross resistance with other classes of antimicrobial agents. However, the widespread use of Linezolid has gradually turned the impending fear of emergence of resistance against this novel drug into a reality. Herein we report a case of sepsis due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus in a 16-year-old male child found resistant to linezolid, rarely reported from Sub Himalayan region of Indian sub-continent

A study to determine scar integrity in pregnant women with previous lower segment caesarean section

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the radiological characteristics of previous caesarean section scar and their correlation with clinico-pathological parameters, in order to decide mode of delivery.Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 200 women who had previous caesarean section and were at 36 weeks or more of gestation period and came in labor or taken for caesarean section from the antenatal clinic of Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Subharti Medical College from the period January 2011 to December 2013.Radiological evaluation of previous caesarean section scar was done using transvaginal sonography (TVS) for all the women 54 women went through caesarean section and for them peroperatively mechanical measurement of scar thickness was done by ophthalmic calliper to correlate with the scar thickness in USG. Peroperatively scar tissue was taken for histopathological evaluation.Results: 168 women with previous caesarean section underwent trial of labor and 114 women had vaginal delivery (67.8%). As per this study there was a statistically significant correlation between scar thickness measured at or after 36 weeks of gestation and mode of delivery (p<.0001). Statistically significant correlation was also found between scar thickness measured prior to shifting for caesarean and peroperative scar thickness measurement by calliper. In histopathology, presence of fibro-collagenous tissue indicates weaker scar.Conclusions: TVS should be used as an effective tool to measure the scar integrity, which will be helpful in deciding the mode of delivery. This will improve predictability of scar dehiscence or scar rupture in labor and hence choice of patients for successful VBAC may be made with greater accuracy. The pathological and biomechanical behavior evaluation of scar was done in this study in order to strengthen the radiological finding to decide the mode of delivery

Effect of oral L- arginine versus intravenous hydration on maternal and fetal outcome in idiopathic oligohydramnios

Background: Adequate amount of amniotic fluid was required for normal growth of fetus. Oligohydramnios or reduced amount of amniotic fluid is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome due to increase in induced labour and operative deliveries. Idiopathic oligohydramnios is a condition in which no other risk factors are associated with pregnancy. This study was done to compare the effect of L-arginine and IV hydration on improvement of amniotic fluid index and fetal growth.Methods: Total 50 patients were included in the study according to inclusion criteria and divided equally into two groups randomly. IV hydration was given to one group and other group received L- arginine sachet orally. The effect on AFI and fetal outcome was compared.Result: The result was compared with respect to age, gravidity, gestational age and AFI at the time of study and after giving treatment. Maternal and fetal outcome was compared which shows that L-arginine was more effective in increasing the AFI and thereby leading to favorable results in the form of increase in gestational age at time of delivery and fetal weight.Conclusion: This study shows that both IV hydration and L-arginine are useful in treatment of oligohydramnios. But L-arginine appears more advantageous over IV hydration in improving pregnancy outcome and reducing perinatal morbidity and mortality

Successful maternal outcome after vaginal delivery in a patient with Eisenmenger Syndrome

Patients with Eisenmenger syndrome are advised against pregnancy. Sometimes patients are diagnosed with Eisenmenger syndrome for the first time during pregnancy. This is what has happened in our case. A primigravida was diagnosed with ventricular septal defect with severe pulmonary artery hypertension for the first time during pregnancy at 34 weeks period of gestation. Management of such patients is challenging with different studies showing variable results. Here we describe such a case which was managed conservatively and was allowed to go into labour spontaneously with vacuum extraction during second stage which subsequently led to a favourable maternal outcome

TIME SYNCHRONIZATION FOR TIME OF ARRIVAL BASED LOCALIZATION

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