Lupin and Serradella Inoculation Experiments

BACKGROUND: During 1967 there were a number of reports of poor establishment of Weiko and Uniwhite lupins. Because of the possibility of either delayed nodulation or insufficient nitrogen fixation being involved, an experiment was conducted during 1968 to examine a range of lupin rhizobia isolates in the field (a summary of this experiment was circulated during 1969). In this experiment two strains, WU425 and WU43, showed sufficient promise to warrant additional testing in 1969

Legume seed inoculation

List of experiments 1. 8ONA9A - The response of inoculated and non-inoculated field peas to fertilizer nitrogen on land not previously sown to peas. NARROGIN. 2. 8ONA9B - The response of inoculated and non-inoculated field peas to fertilizer nitrogen on land previously sown to peas. 3. 79GES8 - The performance of different strains of Rhizobium meliloti on different medics. TENINDEWA (Second year)

Screening of clovers for resistance to clover scorch

Clover Scorch (Jointly with Dr C.M. Francis). One thousand four hundred and seventy six legumes were screened in the field at the Denmark Research Station for susceptibility to clover scorch. They comprised 1440 subterranean clovers, eight other Trifoliums, two medics and 26 serradellas. The clovers from Australia gave interesting results. Thirty four of them were selections of Seaton Park, chosen by R.C. Rossiter and W. J. Collins on the basis of their variation. They did not differ in their reaction to clover scorch; all gave rating of 9. Twenty-six lines of Woogenellup from W.A. and 12 of Woogenellup and Morrar from N.S.W. were also tested. The Western Australian lines comprised 9 certified lines and 17 farmer samples from throughout the State (Esperance, Gairdner River, Kojanerrup, Albany and Ravensthorpe). They were tested because some farmers claimed that there appeared to be variation between lines and sources of Woogenellup in susceptibility to clover scorch; - all gave similar, high ratings at Denmark. The 12 lines of Woogenellup and Morrar also gave similar and high ratings. Sixty one per cent of the 309 cross breds gave low ratings (Table 2). Some crosses were quite unsuccessful, e.g. Midland B x Gingin, where 26 of the 27 crosses gave exceptionally high disease ratings. Others were the reverse, e.g. Dalkeith x 47308C and Dinninup x Daliak x Toodyay C where the majority proved very resistant

Clover scorch: Summary of 1974 experiments

Experiments reported in this summary were conducted jointly with CM Francis. 1. Variety Screening - During 1974, two hundred and fifty-four varieties were screened for resistance to Kabatiella caulivora in small plots at Denmark. The test varieties included 49 that showed up as promising in previous years. The remainder included all the untested accessions for which sufficient seed was available. There were 239 sub. sp. Subterranean, 14 sub, sp. Yanninicum and 1 Brachycalycinum... - The plots were periodically inoculated with infected debris and rated for disease severity on a number of occasions. Lists of the most and least resistant clovers are shown in Tables 1 and 2 respectively. Most of the more promising ones were clovers that had proved most tolerant in earlier tests. - 2. Clover production and kabatiella - In 1973 an experiment at Denmark Research Station showed that the herbage production and particularly seed production of susceptible varieties was greatly reduced by clover scorch. The seed production of the more resistant varieties was not greatly affected. The trial was repeated in 1974 on a better drained soil using a wider range of clovers (Table 3)... The disease greatly affected the seed production of Yarloop and Woogenellup and had very little effect on Y26 and Mt. Barker (Table 3)... 3. DISEASE INCIDENCE SURVEY Overall the disease was more severe in 1973 than 1972. The Margaret River is the most severely affected area. (Table 4)

1975 Field experiments on legume seed inoculation

(January 1976) LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. The effect of cobalt and seed inoculation on Unicrop lupins. GREEN RANGE 2. The effect of cobalt and seed inoculation on Unicrop lupins. BRAMLEY RESEARCH STATION 3. The effect of cobalt and seed inoculation on Unicrop lupins. McALINDEN 4. The effect; of cobalt and seed inoculation on Unicrop lupins. CHOWERUP 5. The effect of cobalt and seed inoculation on Unicrop lupins. ALANO OKA 6. The effect of cobalt and seed inoculation on Unicrop lupins. LANCELIN 7. The effect of inoculation on Uni crop lupins. KATANNING 8. The effect of inoculation on Uni crop lupins. BORDEN 9. The effect of inoculation on Uni crop lupins. WOODANILLING 10. The effect of superphosphate drilled with the seed on the nodulation of lupins. LANCELIN 11. The effect of manganese sulphate drilled with the seed on the nodulation of lupins. LANCELIN 12. The effect of superphosphate drilled with the seed on the nodulation of lupins. WANDERING 13. The effect of manganese sulphate drilled with the seed on the nodulation of lupins. WANDERING 14. The effect of method of inoculation and fungicides on the nodulation and growth of field peas. BREMER BAY ROAD 15. The response of some new early subterranean clovers to inoculation. MERREDIN INTRODUCTION Most of the field work was aimed at extending our knowledge of where responses to seed inoculation might be obtained in Western Australia. In some experiments this aim was combined with that of ascertaining the extent of the soils on which lupins responded to soil applications of cobalt (jointly with Mr J.W. Gartrell). Unfortunately, many trials were compromised by inadequate nodulation of the plants by the inoculant rhizobia. This was why the two trials examining the effect of drilled fertilizer on nodulation (75M028, 29 were repeated with late sowings at Wandering (75NA32,33). Only one of the six cobalt experiments (the one at Lancelin) showed a response to cobalt. This may mean that Lancelin is indeed the only area low enough in cobalt to give a response. Also, there may have been differences in seed quality (cobalt cotitent of seed). Note that the seed used in the very responsive 1973 and 1974 trials came from the West Midlands and had very low cobalt levels (in the order o

1973 Legume seed inoculation

Lupin Experiments - Eleven trials were sown during 1973 with the aim of further examining the response of lupins to inoculation on old clover land, new to lupins, and some on new land. The lime pellet and gum slurry methods were compared. The opportunity was also taken to compare a new rhizobia, WU8, with the current commercial inoculant WU425. 1. Inoculation of Uniharvest lupins - time of sowing, strain of rhizobia and method of inoculation. Sown as second crop on old clover land - WILLIAMS. 2. Inoculation of Uniharvest lupins sown as a first crop on old clover land - NARROGIN. 3. Inoculation of Uniharvest and Unicrop lupins by two strains of rhizobia. Sown as first crop on old clover land - BANNISTER. 4. Inoculation of Uniharvest lupins - time of sowing and strain of rhizobia. Sown as first crop on old clover land - KOJONUP. 5. Inoculation of Uniharvest lupins sown as a first crop on old clover land - WOODANILLING. 6. Inoculation of Crop lupins sown as a first crop on old clover land - BORDEN. 7. Inoculation of crUniharvest and Unicrop lupins sown as a first crop on old clover land (with Mr. G. Walton) - ONGERUP. 8,9. Inoculation of Uniharvest lupins on new land - ESPERANCE. 10. Inoculation of Uniharvest lupins sown as a first crop on old clover land - CONDINGUP. 11. Inoculation of W.A. Blue lupins in the Shark Bay area - NANGA. 12. Response of Trifolium subterraneum, T. hirtum and T. cherleri to inoculation on new land - N. BADGINGARRA. 13. Inoculation of T. hirtum - MERREDIN. 14. Inoculation of clovers - MT. BARKER. · 15. Inoculation of clovers - DENMARK. 16. Inoculation response of Daliak and Seaton Park subterranean clovers on new land - ESPERANCE. 17. Effect of lime pelleting and trace elements on the response of subterranean clover to inoculation - NEWDEGATE. One trial 73N028 was abandoned because of severe insect damage (brown pasture caterpillar). No results were obtained from this trial. All trials except one (73ES36) responded to inoculation in terms of nodulation, most in terms of vegetative yield in spring. Only four of them (73NA2G, 73KA23, 73KA24, and 73JE25) responded in terms of seed yield. No seed yields were taken for 73KA25. There were no cases where WU8 was superior to WU425. Trials - 73CA1,73ES34, 73ES37, 73D4, 73ES35, 73ES36, 73JE25, 73KA23, 73KA24,73KA25, 73M039, 73MT42, 73NA25, 73NA26, 73NA28, 73N20, TRIAL 13 - Inoculation of Kondinin Rose clover (T. hirtum) on new land. Locality - Merredin Research Station

1971 - Results of field experiments (February 1972)

Trials (21) 71NO30 ; 71NO31; 71BA16; 71BA17; 71BA22; 71BR19; 71BR20; 71BR21; 71MN6; 71MN5; 71BA25; 7lBA24a; 71BA24b; 71BA24c; 71NO29; 71LG20; 7lLG2l; 71MO24; 71BA23; 71M022; 71TS28 INOCULATION METHODS USED Seed pelleting and inoculation methods used in these trials departed from standard Department Recommendations (Goss and Shipton, 1965) as follows :- 1. No milk was used. 2. Less gum (usually half) 3. Lesslime( ). The gum slurry technique for lupin inoculation consisted of using half the gum concentration and half the recommended volume (i.e. 1/4 usual amount of gum). The peat inoculant was mixed with the gum immediately before inoculation. Seed was dried on shed floor before bagging. The use of less lime with lupins was quite successful as a means of avoiding the accumulation of large amounts of free lime in the grain box. There is no evidence that the use of smaller quantities of either lime or gum interferes with responses to inoculation. Substantial savings can be made by cutting down on the materials used for pelleting