THE STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN COLD PRESS RICE BRAN OIL FROM RICE IN THAILAND

Objective: The present study is investigation in the rice bran oil from four rice varieties in term of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Methods: This research studied the effects of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity from cold press rice bran oil. For anti-inflammatory, their inhibitory activity of nitric oxide (NO) production using RAW267.4 cell lines was evaluated. And two methods for antioxidant activities, DPPH radical scavenging assay (DPPH assay) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay were used and compared with gallic acid standard and ferric sulfate (FeSO4), respectively. Results: For the Oryza Sativa L. Khaw-khaw exhibited the highest activity against the NO production with an IC50 value of 41.96 μg/ml, followed by O. Sativa L. Hom Pathum (46.58 μg/ml), O. Sativa L. Hom Mali (53.84 μg/ml) and O. Sativa L. Hom Mali Gorkho (59.43 μg/ml). However, the antioxidant activity, DPPH method found O. Sativa L. Hom Mali Gorkho displayed the most potent effect with IC50 value of 0.08 mg/ml, followed by O. Sativa L. Hom Pathum (0.11mg/ml), O. Sativa L. Hom Mali (0.12mg/ml) and O. Sativa L. Khaw khaw (0.88 mg/ml), respectively. The assay of FRAP showed the highest in O. Sativa L. Hom Mali Gorkho with an IC50 value 2.27 mg/ml, followed by O. Sativa L. Hom Pathum (4.30 mg/ml), O. Sativa L. Khaw khaw (6.67 mg/ml) and O. Sativa L. Hom Mali (7.68 mg/ml), respectively. Conclusion: This study indicated that cold press rice bran oil from rice varieties in Thailand is responsible for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study supports the tradition use of cold press rice bran oil for treatment of inflammatory related diseases though the inhibition of nitric oxide release

TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF THAI TRADITIONAL HERBAL

Objective: The study investigated for the several of solvent on merits Trigasornmas formula in term of phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities.Methods: This research studied the effects of extraction solvents in water, ethyl acetate, methanol, dichloromethane, ethanol and hexane extracts of Trigasormmas formula. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content were evaluated according to the Folin- Ciocalteu procedure and a aluminium chloride colorimetric method, respectively. Two methods of antioxidant activities were used DPPH radical scavenging assay (DPPH assay) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. According to our study, the outcomes of free radical scavenging properties were demonstrated in terms of mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g sample and mg ferric sulfate equivalent (FeSO4)/100 g sample antioxidant, respectively.Results: The average total phenolic content of water extract was 1,955.23±60.87 mg GAE/100 g sample which was higher than the other solvents while the methanol extract showed the highest flavonoid content at about 321.15±9.12 mg FeSO4/100g sample. For antioxidant properties, DPPH and FRAP assay, the highest values were found in water extract at about 158.93±12.45 mg GAE/100g sample and 2,118.87±24.38 mg FeSO4/100g sample, respectively.Conclusion: The obtained results support the use of this Thai traditional herbal formula, and suggest more investigation.Â

NOP-Targeted Peptide Ligands

The nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ)-N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor system is widely distributed at both the peripheral and central level where it modulates important biological functions with increasing therapeutic implications. This chapter wants to provide a comprehensive and updated overview focused on the available structure-activity relationship studies on NOP receptor peptide ligands developed through different rational approaches. Punctual modifications and cyclizations of the N/OFQ sequence have been properly combined furnishing potent NOP selective ligands with different pharmacological activities (full and partial agonists, pure antagonists) and enhanced metabolic stability in vivo. The screening of peptide libraries provided a second family of NOP ligands that have been successfully optimized. Moreover, recent findings suggest the possibility to apply different multimerization strategies for the realization of multi-target NOP/opioid receptor ligands or tetrabranched N/OFQ derivatives with extraordinarily prolonged duration of action in vivo. The diverse approaches led to the identification of important pharmacological tools along with drug candidates currently in clinical development such as Rec 0438 (aka UFP-112) for the treatment of overactive bladder and SER 100 (aka ZP120) for the clinical management of systolic hypertension

Exploration of genetic and phenotypic diversity within Saccharomyces uvarum for driving strain improvement in winemaking

The selection and genetic improvement of wine yeast is an ongoing process, since yeast strains should match new technologies in winemaking to satisfy evolving consumer preferences. A large genetic background is the necessary starting point for any genetic improvement programme. For this reason, we collected and characterized a large number of strains belonging to Saccharomyces uvarum. In particular, 70 strains were isolated from cold-stored must samples: they were identified and compared to S. uvarum strains originating from different collections, regarding fermentation profile, spore viability and stress response. The results demonstrate a large biodiversity among the new isolates, with particular emphasis to fermentation performances, genotypes and high spore viability, making the isolates suitable for further genetic improvement programmes. Furthermore, few of them are competitive with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and per se, suitable for wine fermentation, due to their resistance to stress, short lag phase and fermentation by-products