PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PENINGKATAN ANGKA KEHAMILAN TIDAK DIRENCANAKAN DI PUSKESMAS MADE TAHUN 2021

Covid-19 merupakan suatu sindrom pernafasan akut yang menular dan disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2. Covid-19 muncul pertama kali di Kota Wuhan, China. Di Indonesia sendiri, Covid-19 membawa banyak dampak buruk salah satunya yaitu munculnya permasalahan layanan KB. Hal tersebut menyebabkan adanya peningkatan angka kejadian kehamilan tidak direncanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pandemi Covid-19 terhadap peningkatan angka kejadian kehamilan tidak direncanakan di Puskesmas Made tahun 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik untuk mengetahui bagaimana suatu fenomena dapat terjadi dengan cara menguji hubungan antara faktor sebab dan akibat melalui analisa statistik. Rancangan penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan case control. Total sampel sebanyak 41 orang yang terbagi atas 20 kelompok control dan 21 kelompok kasus. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan, keterbatasan akses, dan masalah KB. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara pengetahuan, keterbatasan akses ke layanan kesehatan, dan penurunan angka cakupan KB selama masa pandemi Covid19 memengaruhi peningkatan angka kejadian kehamilan tidak direncanakan

Pemberdayaan Kelompok Keluarga Berdaya (KKB) melalui Pelatihan Menjahit, Craft untuk Mempersiapkan Entrepreneur Pemula di Perumahan Griya Candramas Desa Pepe, Kecamatan Sedati, Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur

Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mengembangkan model suksesi bisnis UKM, mempersiapkan entrepeneur sejati melaui pelatihan menjahit, memproduksi berbagai macam craft, serta memotivasi Kelompok Keluarga Berdaya (KKB). Memotivasi anggota Kelompok Keluarga Berdaya (KKB) dilakukan mengingat pendidikan nonformal seperti pelatihan ini sangat perlu dan urgent untuk memacu semangat agar tidak kendor dalam mengikuti pengembangan kelompok dan kemajuannya. Kegiatan ini berfokus pada satu kelompok KKB dan diharapkan akan berkembang kepada kelompok, wilayah yang lain dengan tetap melakukan inovasi-inovasi dalam bidang entrepreneur. Dengan adanya dukungan dari perangkat desa atau lurah setempat menjadikan kegiatan ini lebih spesifik dan sangat bermanfaat, serta mempermudah penyebaran informasi.  Adanya pelatihan menjahit, pembuatan berbagai macam craft ini diharapkan akan mampu meningkatkan prekonomian keluarga, yang pada gilirannya di samping meningkatkan prekonomian keluarga juga dapat memberikan kebahagian dan kesehatan bagi anggota kelompok anggota Kelompok Keluarga Berdaya (KKB) secara umum dan secara khusus

An explicit height bound for the classical modular polynomial

For a prime m, let Phi_m be the classical modular polynomial, and let h(Phi_m) denote its logarithmic height. By specializing a theorem of Cohen, we prove that h(Phi_m) <= 6 m log m + 16 m + 14 sqrt m log m. As a corollary, we find that h(Phi_m) <= 6 m log m + 18 m also holds. A table of h(Phi_m) values is provided for m <= 3607.Comment: Minor correction to the constants in Theorem 1 and Corollary 9. To appear in the Ramanujan Journal. 17 pages

Nurturing lifelong learning in communities through the National University of Lesotho: prospects and challenges

This paper analyses one aspect of a pan-African action research project called ITMUA (Implementing the Third Mission of Universities in Africa). This particular paper draws on the data from that project to explore the National University of Lesotho’s contribution to lifelong learning in its communities. It provides background information on the ITMUA initiative and analyses interview and focus group responses to two case studies in terms of their contribution to lifelong learning. It uses, as its analytical framework, a modified version of Mbigi’s African perspective on the four De Lors’ ‘pillars’, by adding a fifth pillar, courtesy of Torres. The paper argues that community engagement is a two-way process between universities and their wider constituencies with opportunities for mutual lifelong learning. But there are also challenges of understanding and process which must be addressed if the full range of these lifelong learning pillars is to be accommodated within African contexts. The paper provides an introduction to the history of community engagement in Africa as a university mission, followed by a brief discussion of lifelong learning within African perspectives. After describing the particular context of Lesotho, the concept of community service and community engagement in contemporary African contexts introduces the action research project and the case studies. The final part of the paper presents and discusses the research findings

2 days versus 5 days of postoperative antibiotics for complex appendicitis:a pragmatic, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority randomised trial

Background: The appropriate duration of postoperative antibiotics for complex appendicitis is unclear. The increasing global threat of antimicrobial resistance warrants restrictive antibiotic use, which could also reduce side-effects, length of hospital stay, and costs. Methods: In this pragmatic, open-label, non-inferiority trial in 15 hospitals in the Netherlands, patients with complex appendicitis (aged ≥8 years) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive 2 days or 5 days of intravenous antibiotics after appendicectomy. Randomisation was stratified by centre, and treating physicians and patients were not masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was a composite endpoint of infectious complications and mortality within 90 days. The main outcome was the absolute risk difference (95% CI) in the primary endpoint, adjusted for age and severity of appendicitis, with a non-inferiority margin of 7·5%. Outcome assessment was based on electronic patient records and a telephone consultation 90 days after appendicectomy. Efficacy was analysed in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations. Safety outcomes were analysed in the intention-to-treat population. This trial was registered with the Netherlands Trial Register, NL5946. Findings: Between April 12, 2017, and June 3, 2021, 13 267 patients were screened and 1066 were randomly assigned, 533 to each group. 31 were excluded from intention-to-treat analysis of the 2-day group and 30 from the 5-day group owing to errors in recruitment or consent. Appendicectomy was done laparoscopically in 955 (95%) of 1005 patients. The telephone follow-up was completed in 664 (66%) of 1005 patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 51 (10%) of 502 patients analysed in the 2-day group and 41 (8%) of 503 patients analysed in the 5-day group (adjusted absolute risk difference 2·0%, 95% CI −1·6 to 5·6). Rates of complications and re-interventions were similar between trial groups. Fewer patients had adverse effects of antibiotics in the 2-day group (45 [9%] of 502 patients) than in the 5-day group (112 [22%] of 503 patients; odds ratio [OR] 0·344, 95% CI 0·237 to 0·498). Re-admission to hospital was more frequent in the 2-day group (58 [12%] of 502 patients) than in the 5-day group (29 [6%] of 503 patients; OR 2·135, 1·342 to 3·396). There were no treatment-related deaths. Interpretation: 2 days of postoperative intravenous antibiotics for complex appendicitis is non-inferior to 5 days in terms of infectious complications and mortality within 90 days, based on a non-inferiority margin of 7·5%. These findings apply to laparoscopic appendicectomy conducted in a well resourced health-care setting. Adopting this strategy will reduce adverse effects of antibiotics and length of hospital stay. Funding: The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development.</p

Novel genetic loci associated with hippocampal volume

The hippocampal formation is a brain structure integrally involved in episodic memory, spatial navigation, cognition and stress responsiveness. Structural abnormalities in hippocampal volume and shape are found in several common neuropsychiatric disorders. To identify the genetic underpinnings of hippocampal structure here we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 33,536 individuals and discover six independent loci significantly associated with hippocampal volume, four of them novel. Of the novel loci, three lie within genes (ASTN2, DPP4 and MAST4) and one is found 200 kb upstream of SHH. A hippocampal subfield analysis shows that a locus within the MSRB3 gene shows evidence of a localized effect along the dentate gyrus, subiculum, CA1 and fissure. Further, we show that genetic variants associated with decreased hippocampal volume are also associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (rg =-0.155). Our findings suggest novel biological pathways through which human genetic variation influences hippocampal volume and risk for neuropsychiatric illness

Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained. We report results from a GWAS meta-analysis of HF comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls. Twelve independent variants at 11 genomic loci are associated with HF, all of which demonstrate one or more associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, or reduced left ventricular function, suggesting shared genetic aetiology. Functional analysis of non-CAD-associated loci implicate genes involved in cardiac development (MYOZ1, SYNPO2L), protein homoeostasis (BAG3), and cellular senescence (CDKN1A). Mendelian randomisation analysis supports causal roles for several HF risk factors, and demonstrates CAD-independent effects for atrial fibrillation, body mass index, and hypertension. These findings extend our knowledge of the pathways underlying HF and may inform new therapeutic strategies