2,658 research outputs found
Adults with Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Is the Evidence around the Use of Polypharmacy
A review on the mental health needs of adults with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) published just over 10 years ago found a limited evidence base for pharmacological intervention in this group. The aim of this paper was therefore to review the evidence in the subsequent 10 years, with a focus on polypharmacy use in adults who have both ID and ASD. A critical literature review of key papers published from 2009 to 2021 was undertaken on adults with both ID and ASD and related to psychopharmacology, polypharmacy, antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilisers and anxiolytics interventions in improving symptoms. After excluding articles for lack of relevance, a review with a focus on the use of polypharmacy was carried out on the retrieved results. Four papers were identified as relevant to adults with both ID and ASD. Three main themes were identified in the review, including the application of pharmacogenetics, the influence of national policy on prescribing practices and safety concerns in a population with multiple health comorbidities. The past decade has produced a small increase in the evidence base on psychopharmacology use in adults with ID and ASD. However, more evidence on the effectiveness and impact of long-term polypharmacy use is required
Alien Registration- Chaplin, May E. (Millinocket, Penobscot County)
https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/7592/thumbnail.jp
Evaluating Doppel’s impact on Anxiety and Focus amongst adults with ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children. Amongst adults, it is often underdiagnosed and associated with comorbidities including anxiety. This study presents a trial evaluating the efficacy of Doppel, a wrist-worn wearable that provides vibrations linked to one’s heart rate to improve symptoms of anxiety and poor focus amongst young adults with ADHD. Young adults (aged 18–25) used either an active or comparator Doppel for 8 weeks, completing measures of anxiety and focus at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Participants in both groups experienced a reduction in anxiety and an increase in focus across the trial duration. No superiority for vibrations linked to one’s heart rate was found. Whilst the current study cannot determine a specific mechanism of action, the findings provide some promising initial evidence as to the potential for direct-to-consumer digital health products to be useful in symptom management amongst young adults with ADHD
Kinetic energy of protons in ice Ih and water: a path integral study
The kinetic energy of H and O nuclei has been studied by path integral
molecular dynamics simulations of ice Ih and water at ambient pressure. The
simulations were performed by using the q-TIP4P/F model, a point charge
empirical potential that includes molecular flexibility and anharmonicity in
the OH stretch of the water molecule. Ice Ih was studied in a temperature range
between 210-290 K, and water between 230-320 K. Simulations of an isolated
water molecule were performed in the range 210-320 K to estimate the
contribution of the intramolecular vibrational modes to the kinetic energy. Our
results for the proton kinetic energy, K_H, in water and ice Ih show both
agreement and discrepancies with different published data based on deep
inelastic neutron scattering experiments. Agreement is found for water at the
experimental melting point and in the range 290-300 K. Discrepancies arise
because data derived from the scattering experiments predict in water two
maxima of K_H around 270 K and 277 K, and that K_H is lower in ice than in
water at 269 K. As a check of the validity of the employed water potential, we
show that our simulations are consistent with other experimental thermodynamic
properties related to K_H, as the temperature dependence of the liquid density,
the heat capacity of water and ice at constant pressure, and the isotopic shift
in the melting temperature of ice upon isotopic substitution of either H or O
atoms. Moreover, the temperature dependence of K_H predicted by the q-TIP4P/F
model for ice Ih is found to be in good agreement to results of path integral
simulations using ab initio density functional theory.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 table
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