Perfect crossed Andreev reflection in the proximitized graphene/superconductor/proximitized graphene junctions

We study the crossed Andreev reflection and the nonlocal transport in the proximitized graphene/supercondcutor/proximitized graphene junctions with the pseudospin staggered potential and the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. The crossed Andreev reflection with the local Andreev reflection and the elastic cotunneling being completely eliminated can be realized for the electrons with the specific spin-valley index when the intrinsic spin-orbit couplings in the left graphene and the right graphene possess the opposite sign. The perfect crossed Andreev reflection with its probability equal to $100\%$ can be obtained in the space consisting of the incident angle and the energy of the electrons. The crossed conductance and its oscillation with the superconductor length are also investigated. The energy ranges for the crossed Andreev reflection without the local Andreev reflection and the elastic cotunneling are clarified for the different magnitudes of the pseudospin potential and the spin-orbit coupling. The spin-valley index of the electrons responsible for the perfect crossed Andreev reflection can be switched by changing the sign of the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling or exchanging the biases applied on the left graphene and the right graphene. Our results are helpful for designing the flexible and high-efficiency Cooper pair splitter based on the spin-valley degree of freedom.Comment: 9 pages,4 figure

Effects of Linear-Polarized Near-Infrared Light Irradiation on Chronic Pain

In order to study the efficacy of linear-polarized near-infrared light irradiation (LPNIR) on relieving chronic pain in conjunction with nerve block (NB) or local block (LB), a 3-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study was conducted to evaluate the pre- and post-therapy pain intensity. Visual analogue scales (VASs) were measured in all patients before and 6 months after therapy visiting the pain clinic during the period of August 2007 to January 2008. A total of 52 patients with either shoulder periarthritis or myofascial pain syndrome or lateral epicondylitis were randomly assigned into two groups by drawing lots. Patients in Group I were treated with NB or LB plus LPNIR; Group II patients, for their part, were treated with the same procedures as in Group I, but not using LPNIR. In both groups, the pain intensity (VAS score) decreased significantly immediately after therapy as compared to therapy. There was a significant difference between the test and control groups immediately after therapy (P < 0.05), while no effect 6 months later. No side effects were observed. It is concluded that LPNIR is an effective and safe modality to treat various chronic pains, which has synergic effects with NB or LB

The Effect of Cluster Position Determined by Vineyard Row Orientation on Grape Flavonoids and Aroma Profiles of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon and Italian Riesling in the North Foot of Tianshan Mountains

Vineyard row orientation plays a critical role in determining cluster microclimate. This study aimed tofigure out how cluster positions determined by vineyard row orientation affect grape flavonoids and aromaprofiles of Cabernet Sauvignon and Italian Riesling grapes. Three cluster positions (two canopy sidesand the inner canopy) of NS and EW oriented row Cabernet Sauvignon and NS oriented row ItalianRiesling were selected for the experiment. Microclimate data was monitored around clusters from bothcanopy sides of different row orientations. The south canopy side had higher daytime temperaturesand PAR than the north canopy side in EW row orientation. Flavonoids of grape skins and seeds wereseparated and determined by LC-MS, and aroma compounds of grape must were determined by GC-MS.Results showed that flavanols were affected by orientations, and EW orientation had higher berries skinflavanol concentration than NS orientation. EW-IN berries had fewer glucuronide form flavonols and3’-hydroxylated flavonols than the other two positions in EW orientation. Inner canopy berries had lowerflavonol concentration than other positions in EW orientation of CS and NS orientation of IR. To aromas,C6/C9 were the main compounds significantly affected by row orientations. EW orientation berries hadhigher C6 alcohols concentration such as (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-Hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol thanNS orientation, while NS orientation berries had higher C6 aldehyde concentrations such as Hexanal and(E)-2-hexenal than EW orientation. EW-IN berries had more abundant C6/C9 compounds than the othertwo positions. The study provided preliminary scientific evidence for vineyard viticulture practice andharvest strategy

Influence Mechanism of Main Roof Height on Surrounding Rock Stability of Gob-Side Entry Driving

The main roof directly affects the stress environment and the control effect of the surrounding rock of gob-side entry driving. A mechanical model of the surrounding rock of gob-side entry driving was established to analyze the influence mechanism of different main roof heights on the surrounding rock stability of the roadway under similar geological conditions. In addition, the influences of the main roof heights on the stress distribution of the surrounding rock were qualitatively analyzed. A quantitative analysis of the stress and deformation distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock were conducted by Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) when the heights were 0, 5, and 10 m based on the actual geological conditions. Results show that waste rocks in the caving zone and damaged immediate roof could provide four different stress combinations to key rock block, which is affected by the main roof height and other related parameters. With the increase in the main roof height, the hinged stress between the key rock blocks and the plastic damage area of the physical coal wall are reduced, the damage range of immediate roof gradually increases, and the vertical stress of narrow coal pillars first increases to 5.22 MPa and then remains at approximately 1.92 MPa. Therefore, the supporting strength of roof and the physical coal wall should be enhanced. Research results are successfully applied in the Yanjiahe Coal Mine. The conclusions provide significant theoretical guidance for controlling surrounding rock stability of the roadway under similar conditions

Surgical Treatment of Patients with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome Phenotype

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a devastating and refractory generalized epilepsy affecting children and adolescents. In this study we report the results of resective surgery in 18 patients with LGS phenotype who underwent single-lobe/lesionectomy or multilobe resection plus multiple subpial transection and/or callosotomy. After surgery, seven patients became completely seizure-free (Engel Class I) and five almost seizure-free (Engel Class II). Additional four had significant seizure control (Engel Class III), and two had no change in seizure frequency (Engel Class IV). Of the 4 patients without any lesion on brain MRI, 2 ended with Engel Class II, 1 with III and the other with IV in Engels' classification. Mean intelligence quotient (IQ) increased from 56.1 ± 8.1 (mean ± SD) before operation to 67.4 ± 8.2 (mean ± SD) after operation, a significant improvement (P = 0.001). Results also indicated that the younger the patient at surgery, or the shorter the interval between onset of seizure and resective operation, the better the intellectual outcome. Our data suggest that resective epilepsy surgery can be successful in patients with LGS phenotype as long as the EEG shows dominance of discharges in one hemisphere and corresponding ipsilateral imaging findings, even with contralateral ictal discharges

VADv2: End-to-End Vectorized Autonomous Driving via Probabilistic Planning

Learning a human-like driving policy from large-scale driving demonstrations is promising, but the uncertainty and non-deterministic nature of planning make it challenging. In this work, to cope with the uncertainty problem, we propose VADv2, an end-to-end driving model based on probabilistic planning. VADv2 takes multi-view image sequences as input in a streaming manner, transforms sensor data into environmental token embeddings, outputs the probabilistic distribution of action, and samples one action to control the vehicle. Only with camera sensors, VADv2 achieves state-of-the-art closed-loop performance on the CARLA Town05 benchmark, significantly outperforming all existing methods. It runs stably in a fully end-to-end manner, even without the rule-based wrapper. Closed-loop demos are presented at https://hgao-cv.github.io/VADv2.Comment: Project Page: https://hgao-cv.github.io/VADv