2,771 research outputs found
BlackMax: A black-hole event generator with rotation, recoil, split branes and brane tension
We present a comprehensive black-hole event generator, BlackMax, which
simulates the experimental signatures of microscopic and Planckian black-hole
production and evolution at the LHC in the context of brane world models with
low-scale quantum gravity. The generator is based on phenomenologically
realistic models free of serious problems that plague low-scale gravity, thus
offering more realistic predictions for hadron-hadron colliders. The generator
includes all of the black-hole graybody factors known to date and incorporates
the effects of black-hole rotation, splitting between the fermions, non-zero
brane tension and black-hole recoil due to Hawking radiation (although not all
simultaneously).
The generator can be interfaced with Herwig and Pythia.Comment: 32 pages, 61 figures, webpage
http://www-pnp.physics.ox.ac.uk/~issever/BlackMax/blackmax.htm
Inclusive production of meson in proton-proton collisions at BNL RHIC
Inclusive cross sections for production in proton-proton collisions
were calculated in the -factorization approach for the RHIC energy.
Several mechanisms were considered, including direct color-singlet mechanism,
radiative decays of mesons, decays of , open-charm associated
production of as well as weak decays of B mesons. Different
unintegrated gluon distributions from the literature were used. We find that
radiative decays and direct color-singlet contributions constitute the
dominant mechanism of production. These process cannot be consistently
treated within collinear-factorization approach. The results are compared with
recent RHIC data. The new precise data at small transverse momenta impose
stringent constraints on UGDFs. Some UGDFs are inconsistent with the new data.
The Kwieci\'nski UGDFs give the best description of the data. In order to
verify the mechanism suggested here we propose -- jet correlation
measurement and an independent measurement of meson production in
and/or decay channels. Finally, we address the issue of
\J spin alignment.Comment: 26 pages, 20 figures, the text was slightly modified, the title was
modified, more discussion was added, one figure was removed, one was adde
Three-dimensional localized coherent structures of surface turbulence. III Experiment and model validation
The paper continues a series of publications devoted to the 3D nonlinear
localized coherent structures on the surface of vertically falling liquid
films. The work is primarily focussed on experimental investigations. We study:
(i) instabilities and transitions leading to 3D coherent structures; (ii)
characteristics of these structures. Some nonstationary effects are also
studied numerically. Our experimental results, as well as the results of other
investigators, are in a good agreement with our theoretical and numerical
predictions.Comment: 42 pages, 15 figure
Constraints on the nonuniversal Z^\prime couplings from B\to\pi K, \pi K^{\ast} and \rho K Decays
Motivated by the large difference between the direct CP asymmetries
and , we
combine the up-to-date experimental information on ,
and decays to pursue possible solutions with the nonuniversal
model. Detailed analyses of the relative impacts of different
types of couplings are presented in four specific cases. Numerically, we find
that the new coupling parameters, and with a common
nontrivial new weak phase , which are relevant to the
contributions to the electroweak penguin sector
and , are crucial to the observed " puzzle". Furthermore,
they are found to be definitely unequal and opposite in sign. We also find that
can put a strong constraint on the new
couplings, which implies the contributions to the coefficient of
QCD penguins operator involving the parameter required.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures. References and a note adde
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Evolution, and functional analysis of Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage proteins (NRAMPs) from Theobroma cacao and their role in cadmium accumulation
The presence of the toxic metal cadmium (Cd2+) in certain foodstuffs is recognised as a global problem, and there is increasing legislative pressure to reduce the content of Cd in food. The present study was conducted on cacao (Theobroma cacao), the source of chocolate, and one of the crops known to accumulate Cd in certain conditions. There are a range of possible genetic and agronomic methods being tested as a route to such reduction. As part of a gene-based approach, we focused on the Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Proteins (NRAMPS), a family of proton/metal transporter proteins that are evolutionarily conserved across all species from bacteria to humans. The plant NRAMP gene family are of particular importance as they are responsible for uptake of the nutritionally vital divalent cations Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, as well as Cd2+. We identified the five NRAMP genes in cacao, sequenced these genes and studied their expression in various organs. We then confirmed the expression patterns in response to variation in nutrient cation availability and addition of Cd2+. Functional analysis by expression in yeast provided evidence that NRAMP5 encoded a protein capable of Cd2+ transport, and suggested this gene as a target for genetic selection/modification
The effects of a family non-universal Z-prime boson on B--->pipi decays
Motivated by the measured large branching ratio of
(the so-called "" puzzle), we investigate the effects of a family
non-universal model on the tree-dominated decays. We
find that the coupling parameter with a
nontrivial new weak phase , which is relevant to the
contributions to the QCD penguin sector , is needed
to reconcile the observed discrepancy. Combined with the recent fitting results
from , and decays, the
parameter spaces are severely reduced but still not excluded entirely, implying
that both the "" and "" puzzles could be accommodated
simultaneously within such a family non-universal model.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures. References and discussions added. To appear in
IJMP
The Addition Spectrum and Koopmans' Theorem for Disordered Quantum Dots
We investigate the addition spectrum of disordered quantum dots containing
spinless interacting fermions using the self-consistent Hartree-Fock
approximation. We concentrate on the regime r_s >~1, with finite dimensionless
conductance g. We find that in this approximation the peak spacing fluctuations
do not scale with the mean single particle level spacing for either Coulomb or
nearest neighbour interactions when r_s >~1. We also show that Koopmans'
approximation to the addition spectrum can lead to errors that are of order the
mean level spacing or larger, both in the mean addition spectrum peak spacings,
and in the peak spacing fluctuations.Comment: 35 pages including 22 figures (eps
Atomic Spectral Features During Thermonuclear Flashes on Neutron Stars
The gravitational redshift measured by Cottam, Paerels and Mendez for the
neutron star (NS) in the low-mass X-ray binary EXO 0748-676 depends on the
identification of an absorption line during a type I burst as the H
line from hydrogenic Fe. We show that Fe is present above the photosphere as
long as during the burst. In
this limit, the total Fe column is for incident material of solar abundances and only depends on the
nuclear physics of the proton spallation. The Fe destruction creates many heavy
elements with which may imprint photo-ionization edges on the NS spectra
during a radius expansion event or in a burst cooling tail. Detecting these
features in concert with those from Fe would confirm a redshift measurement. We
also begin to address the radiative transfer problem, and find that a
concentrated Fe layer with and column (depending on the line depth) above the hotter
continuum photosphere is required to create the H line of the observed
strength. This estimate must be refined by considerations of non-LTE effects as
well as resonant line transport. Until these are carried out, we cannot say
whether the Fe column from accretion and spallation is in conflict with the
observations. We also show that hydrogenic Fe might remain in the photosphere
due to radiative levitation from the high burst flux.Comment: Substantially revised version, to appear in Ap J Letter
Using Energy Conditions to Distinguish Brane Models and Study Brane Matter
Current universe (assumed here to be normal matter on the brane) is
pressureless from observations. In this case the energy condition is
and . By using this condition, brane models can be
distinguished. Then, assuming arbitrary component of matter in DGP model, we
use four known energy conditions to study the matter on the brane. If there is
nonnormal matter or energy (for example dark energy with ) on the
brane, the universe is accelerated.Comment: 5pages, no figures; Accepted by Communications in Theoretical Physic
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