The Effects of Sexism and Self-Concept on Body Satisfaction and Clothing Style Preferences for College Students

The purpose of this study is to examine how sexism and self-concept are related to body satisfaction and clothing style preferences. First, this study is designed to investigate the influence of self-concept (i.e., self-efficacy and public self-consciousness) on body image. Second, this study examines how sexism moderates the relationship between self-concept and body satisfaction. Third, this study investigates the effect of body satisfaction on clothing style preferences (i.e., fashionability, self-expression, self-confidence)

Estimating δ15N and δ13C in Barley and Pea Mixtures Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with Genetic Algorithm Based Partial Least Squares Regression

Stable isotope measurements have been increasingly used as a method to obtain information on relationships between plants and their environment (Dawson et al., 2002). Stable isotopes are seen as a powerful tool for advancing our knowledge on stock cycling and, nitrogen and carbon isotopic compositions have provided key insights into biogeochemical interactions between plants, soils and the atmosphere (Robinson, 2001). For the stable isotope measurements, the δ13C isotopic signature has been used successfully to disentangle physiological, ecological and biogeochemical processes and, δ15N studies have significantly improved our knowledge on nitrogen cycling pathways and nitrogen acquisition by plants (Vallano and Sparks, 2008). For the stable isotope measurements, traditional laboratory methods using isotope analysis are accurate and reliable, but usually time-consuming and expensive. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis provides rapid, accurate and less expensive estimation. NIRS have been made to estimate herbage parameters using statistical methods such as multiple linear regression and partial least square regression (PLSR). PLSR uses all available wavebands in multivariate calibration for quantitative analysis of the spectral data. However, previous studies indicated that PLSR with waveband selection might improve their predictive accuracy in multivariate calibration at laboratory (Leardi, 2000) and the selection of appropriate wavelengths can refine the predictive accuracy of the PLS model by optimizing important spectral wavebands both in laboratory NIRS (Jiang et al., 2002). To optimize important spectral wavebands by wavelength selection, genetic algorithms (GA) is widely used, because GA has the ability to simulate the natural evolution of an individual and GA is well suited for solving variable subset selection problems (Ding et al., 1998). Barley and pea mixture is one of the most important forage species for livestock farming in Korea. To investigate nitrogen fixation and transfer in barley and pea mixture, stable isotope measurements was widely used. However, there was no research to estimate stable isotope in barley and pea mixture using NIRS in Korea. The aim of this study was to investigate performance of NIRS with PLSR using genetic algorithms based wavelength selection (GA-PLSR) and compare with PLSR without wavelength selection (FS-PLSR) for the estimation of δ15N and δ13C in barley and pea mixture

Special Apparel Needs of Consumers with Visual Impairments

The purpose of this study is to understand apparel consumers with visual impairments in terms of their apparel selection and shopping needs. The apparel needs of disabled consumers, specifically consumers with visual impairments, have not been thoroughly investigated (Chang et al., 2014). It is not known to what extent they differ, if at all, from consumers who are not visually impaired. Thus, this research provides insight into their apparel needs so that apparel manufacturers and retailers can better meet the needs of these disabled consumers

Effect of Phosphatic Fertilizer Rates Level on Growth, Crude Protein Content and Nitrogen Fixation Ability of Alfalfa at Sowing Year

The experiment was conducted to determine effects of phosphate fertilizers on growth characteristics, crude protein content and nitrogen fixation ability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) in the sowing year. Two rates of phosphate (200 and 400 kg/ha P) were applied to phosphorus -deficient native soil in Korea and samples were taken every 7 days from the 30th to the 93rd day. Number of branches, root length and dry matter weight at phosphate fertilizer level of 400kg in sowing year more increased than those at 200kg/ha. The number of nodules did not differ due to phosphate fertilizer rate. The crude protein contents of leaves, stems and roots were not significantly affected by the phosphate fertilizer levels, except for those of leaves with 400kg/ha at 72 days after sowing that were higher. The crude protein contents of each plant along the growing stages were higher at the 44th and 72nd day after sowing. The dry weight of roots did not significantly respond to phosphate rates from 30 days to 51 days after sowing, but that was increased at phosphate fertilizer level of 400kg/ha from 51 days after sowing. The amount of ethylene evolved by samples during 2 hours and the calculated amount of nitrogen fixed were higher on phosphate fertilizer level of 400kg/ha from 30 days to 58 days after sowing, but decreased that

O-GlcNAc modification of Sp1 inhibits the functional interaction between Sp1 and Oct1

AbstractSp1 is a ubiquitous transcription factor that is modified by multiple O-linked N-acetylglucosamines (O-GlcNAc). Previously, O-GlcNAcylation of a specific site of Sp1 was shown to inhibit Sp1 transcriptional activity. Yet, how O-GlcNAc on other modification sites affects Sp1 function and how O-GlcNAcylation of Sp1 affects the transcriptional regulation of a target gene remains unknown. Here we show that O-GlcNAc within the second serine/threonine-rich region of Sp1 interrupts a known interaction between Sp1 and Oct1, and inhibits the cooperative activation of the U2 snRNA gene by Sp1 and Oct1.Structured summaryMINT-6803452: Sp1 (uniprotkb-P08047) physically interacts (MI:0218) with Oct1 (uniprotkb:P14859) by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0007)MINT-6803426, MINT-6803438: Oct1 (uniprotkb:P14859) binds (MI:0407) to Sp1 (uniprotkb:P08047) by pull down (MI:0096)MINT-6803470, MINT-6803484: Sp1 (uniprotkb:P08047) physically interacts (MI:0218) with Oct1 (uniprotkb:P14859) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006

Numerical Sensitivity Tests of Volatile Organic Compounds Emission to PM2.5 Formation during Heat Wave Period in 2018 in Two Southeast Korean Cities

A record-breaking severe heat wave was recorded in southeast Korea from 11 July to 15 August 2018, and the numerical sensitivity simulations of volatile organic compound (VOC) to secondarily generated particulate matter with diameter of less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) concentrations were studied in the Busan and Ulsan metropolitan areas in southeast Korea. A weather research and forecasting (WRF) model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) was employed, and we carried out VOC emission sensitivity simulations to investigate variations in PM2.5 concentrations during the heat wave period that occurred from 11 July to 15 August 2018. In our study, when anthropogenic VOC emissions from the Comprehensive Regional Emissions Inventory for Atmospheric Transport Experiment-2015 (CREATE-2015) inventory were increased by approximately a factor of five in southeast Korea, a better agreement with observations of PM2.5 mass concentrations was simulated, implying an underestimation of anthropogenic VOC emissions over southeast Korea. The simulated secondary organic aerosol (SOA) fraction, in particular, showed greater dominance during high temperature periods such as 19-21 July, 2018, with the SOA fractions of 42.3% (in Busan) and 34.3% (in Ulsan) among a sub-total of seven inorganic and organic components. This is considerably higher than observed annual mean organic carbon (OC) fraction (28.4 +/- 4%) among seven components, indicating the enhancement of secondary organic aerosols induced by photochemical reactions during the heat wave period in both metropolitan areas. The PM2.5 to PM10 ratios were 0.69 and 0.74, on average, during the study period in the two cities. These were also significantly higher than the typical range in those cities, which was 0.5-0.6 in 2018. Our simulations implied that extremely high temperatures with no precipitation are significantly important to the secondary generation of PM2.5 with higher secondary organic aerosol fraction via photochemical reactions in southeastern Korean cities. Other possible relationships between anthropogenic VOC emissions and temperature during the heat wave episode are also discussed in this study

Do I Know My Body Size? An Examination of College Students Involved in Fashion

Female college students often show their interests in fashion by volunteering to be a model for a senior fashion show. Also, their preferences of a certain clothing style reflect or be reflective of their fashion involvement. This raised following questions: What are the actual and perceived body sizes of the college students wanting to be a fashion model? Do they have any distinctive body image perception? Do they have a better understanding of their weight status and sizes? Thus, this study aims 1) to understand how college students involved in fashion perceive their body images and 2) to assess their body image discrepancies between the actual body sizes and perceived sizes

Consumers with Visual Impairments: Impacts of Self-Efficacy and Public Self-Consciousness on Their Clothing Selection Motivations

According to the U.S. Census (2013), approximately 57 million people in the U.S. have at least one form of disability. Because of physical or mental limitations, disabled individuals may engage in behaviors that are unlike those of others in their society (Ittyerah & Kumar, 2009). One such behavior that may be affected by disabilities is dress behavior. For example, if an individual has a visual impairment, she/he may need someone to assist with clothing selection and need clothing with less complicated design. Because consumer behavior research has typically focused on the general population of consumers and assumed consumers’ normalcy (Miller, 1997), the population of those with special needs has been largely ignored by researchers

Body Image from the Military Service Member\u27s Perspective: The Effects of Weight Concerns and Social Pressures, and Health-Related Attitudes

Military service members are required to meet service-specific weight and body fat standards, and both active duty and reserve military personnel are required to maintain weight and fitness standards. This requirement to be fit and healthy is often found as an additional stressor and as an influence on body image. Also, anxiety and changes in eating and exercise prior to the bi-annual fitness tests have been documented. Thus, it is important to understand the military service member\u27s weight and body image perceptions in order to adequately plan intervention programs for the service members. The purpose of this study is to examine the antecedents of body image of military service members to better understand social-psychological needs to improve body image. Specifically, this study investigates the effects of weight concerns, perceived social pressures, as well as exercise and eating attitudes on body image

An Investigation of Self-Concept, Clothing Selection, and Life Satisfaction among Disabled Consumers

Because consumer behavior research has typically focused on the population of “haves” and assumed consumers’ normalcy (Miller, 1997), the population of “have nots” has been largely ignored by researchers. As a result, we have a limited understanding of disabled individuals as consumers, particularly their behaviors related to the selection of clothing to wear. Thus, this study is designed to better understand disabled consumers and to investigate the influence of disabled individuals’ multifaceted self-concept on their motivations for clothing selection