Small-scale fishery of Pichavaram mangrove swamp, Southeast India

A description of the small-scale fishery of Pichavaram mangrove, southeast India is given, with emphasis on catch composition, catch per effort and deployment of various gear types

Impact of Vetiveria zizanioides rhizosphere bacterial isolates on PGPR traits and cadmium resistance

In our study we have proved that most vetiver rhizosphere bacterial isolates are potent biomolecule synthesizers. We isolated culturable bacterium associated with vetiver rhizosphere using three carbon sources and phenotypic characterizations were performed. The medium and cultural conditions of the isolates were optimized under shake flask conditions. Further, the isolates were assessed for their ability to synthesize biomolecules and plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) traits. Siderophore production was determined in all the tested isolates; Phosphate solubilization was performed and seven isolates were shown to solubilize phosphate. Indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) was produced by all isolates when grown on MS medium supplemented with tryptophan and the amount of IAA produced were quantified with standards. Metal tolerance concentration (MTC) was performed and it was observed that most isolates were able to survive till 300mg L-1 on cadmium amended minimal medium. The isolate (VITJCSKK14) was able to show resistance till 500mg L-1. Solubilization of zinc metal (0.1%) was analysed using LGI medium; halos were observed and quantified by checking the growth, pH and optical density. The soluble Zn present in the culture broth was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS-Model Varian C) at different periods of growth and the maximum solubilization was recorded after 120 h with a 0.1% Zn metal amendment was 634mgl-1. Further the intracellular proteins were separated to observe the whole cell protein and stress tolerant proteins from VITJCSKK14. The intracellular proteins were extracted from the cultures grown in Tris minimal media supplemented with cadmium and quantification was performed using Bradford’s method. The proteins were separated on SDS-PAGE and the stress protein bands were observed. It was found that high molecular weight protein was appeared in the test sample. The molecular taxonomy of the active isolate VITJCSKK14 was carried out by 16S rRNA analysis and phylogenetic tree was constructed using CLUSTALV software. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis, the isolate VITJCSKK14 was identified as Acinetobacter Sp. This study also gives a hypothesis that Vetiveria zizanioides rhizosphere bacterium may aid in plant growth promotion and their survivability in adverse conditions

Small-scale fishery of Pichavaram mangrove swamp, Southeast India

Small scale fisheries, Catch composition, Catch/effort, Mangrove swamps, Fishing gear, Pichavaram, India,

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

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