PRELIMINARY PROTEIN PROFILING OF COPPER AND ZINC TREATED LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS

ABSTRACT Toxic metals are a class of elements with no biological role but with extreme toxicity. Humans, plants and also beneficial microbes suffers from metal toxicity. Probiotic bacteria are very beneficial to humans and animals due to their antipathogenic potential. Probiotic bacteria have become anintegral elements to everyday healthy living. The aim of this study was to determine the preliminary protein profiling of Zinc and Copper influenced Lactobacillus rhamnosus MTCC 1408 by using the techniques SDS-PAGE and 2-D PAGE. The results shown that the protein profiles of Copper stressed proteins showed significant difference when compared to the Zinc stressed proteins

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor, CRTH2, Antagonist Treatment Improves Eosinophil and Mast Cell-Mediated Esophageal Remodeling and Motility Dysfunction in Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Background and Aims: Ultrasonography has shown that eosinophils accumulate in each segment of the esophageal mucosa in human EoE, ultimately promoting esophageal motility dysfunction; however, no mechanistic evidence explains how or why this accumulation occurs. Methods: Quantitative PCR, ELISA, flow cytometry, immunostaining, and immunofluorescence analyses were performed using antibodies specific to the related antigens and receptors. Results: In deep esophageal biopsies of EoE patients, eosinophils and mast cells accumulate adjacent to nerve cell-derived VIP in each esophageal segment. qRT-PCR analysis revealed five- to sixfold increases in expression levels of VIP, CRTH2, and VAPC2 receptors and proteins in human blood- and tissue-accumulated eosinophils and mast cells. We also observed a significant correlation between mRNA CRTH2 levels and eosinophil- and nerve cell-derived VIPs in human EoE (p < 0.05). We provide evidence that eosinophil and mast cell deficiency following CRTH2 antagonist treatment improves motility dysfunction in a chronic DOX-inducible CC10-IL-13 murine model of experimental EoE. Conclusions: CRTH2 antagonist treatment is a novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory cell-induced esophageal motility dysfunction in IL-13-induced chronic experimental EoE