Accurate inspiral-merger-ringdown gravitational waveforms for non-spinning black-hole binaries including the effect of subdominant modes

We present an analytical waveform family describing gravitational waves (GWs) from the inspiral, merger and ringdown of non-spinning black-hole binaries including the effect of several non-quadrupole modes [($\ell = 2, m = \pm 1), (\ell = 3, m = \pm 3), (\ell = 4, m = \pm 4)$ apart from $(\ell = 2, m=\pm2)$]. We first construct spin-weighted spherical harmonics modes of hybrid waveforms by matching numerical-relativity simulations (with mass ratio $1-10$) describing the late inspiral, merger and ringdown of the binary with post-Newtonian/effective-one-body waveforms describing the early inspiral. An analytical waveform family is constructed in frequency domain by modeling the Fourier transform of the hybrid waveforms making use of analytical functions inspired by perturbative calculations. The resulting highly accurate, ready-to-use waveforms are highly faithful (unfaithfulness $\simeq 10^{-4} - 10^{-2}$) for observation of GWs from non-spinning black hole binaries and are extremely inexpensive to generate.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

OPTIMIZATION OF CULTURE PARAMETERS FOR α-GLUCOSIDASE PRODUCTION FROM PROTONEMAL BIOMASS OF BRYUM CORONATUM SCHWAEGR

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to optimization of culture parameters for α-glucosidase production from protonemal biomass of Bryum coronatum Schwaegr.Methods: Fresh unopened, mature capsules were used as explant and the protonema that developed from the aseptic spores were cultured grown on 1/4th Murashige and Skoog basal medium. Frozen protonemal biomass was homogenized in 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The supernatant was assayed for α-glucosidase activity. Various culture parameters such as incubation period, temperature, pH, agitation, carbon sources and nitrogen sources were evaluated and further Taguchi orthogonal array method was performed.Results: It was observed that both protonemal biomass and α-glucosidase production were maximum at 28 d of culture. Optimization of culture parameters such as pH, temperature and agitation speed for α-glucosidase production was found to be 6.0, 35 °C and 150 rpm, respectively. Among nutritional parameters, sucrose as carbon source and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen source found to be effective for enzyme production and maximum growth of protonemal biomass of B. coronatum. Based on Taguchi orthogonal array method, the optimal condition and their contribution on α-glucosidase production were evaluated as follows: sucrose (1.5%), ammonium nitrate (1%), pH (6.0), temperature (35 °C) and agitation (150 rpm).Conclusion: In this study, the culture of moss, B. coronatum proved to be a good source for the enzyme α-glucosidase production. Temperature 35 °C and pH 6.0 were found to be optimum for maximum α-glucosidase production with respect to protonemal biomass production. Optimization of culture medium by Taguchi method has resulted in an increase in the α-glucosidase activity from 3.84-14.39 U/ml.Â

FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RALOXIFENE LOADED SOLID-LIPID NANOPARTICLES

Objective:  The poor water solubility of the drug presents a great challenge for the formulation development and results in low oral bioavailability. The oral bioavailability of Raloxifene HCl (RLX) is very low (<2%) in humans due to its poor solubility. The objective of the present study was to develop RLX loaded solid-liquid nanoparticles for effective drug delivery. Methods: Compritol 888 ATO-based RLX-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were formulated using the oil in water microemulsion method. Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry methods. The SLN was characterized for particle size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency. Results: A total of seventeen formulations (SLN1-SLN17) were developed as per the 3 levels 3 factor Box–Behnken design. The model used for the analysis was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the goodness of fit was evaluated using diagnostic plots. As per the response-surface plots, the amount of lipid, poloxamer 407, and ultrasonication time have a significant effect on the particle size and entrapment efficiency (%EE). The developed RLX-loaded SLNs have the size and %EE in the range of 165.63±2.62 nm to 315.33±4.87 nm and 75.21±2.32% to 95.32±2.11%. The TEM analysis showed that the developed RLX-loaded SLNs were almost spherical and has a small size range. Conclusion: The high biocompatibility, biodegradability, ability to protect drugs in GIT, and sustained release properties make SLNs an ideal candidate to resolve poor oral bioavailability challenges

A comparative study of cognitive insight in schizophrenia patients with and without depression

Background: Lack of insight has been linked to disorganized symptoms or symptoms of formal thought disorder which is often seen in schizophrenia. The main aim of our study was to assess cognitive insight in patients of schizophrenia with and without depression and relation of cognitive insight with psychopathology of schizophrenia.Methods: The Present study was carried out on 60 patients in both groups. After randomization, assessment of Socio demographic details was done with the help of semi-structured performa.Results: There was no significant difference was found in both groups in socio demographic data. Better cognitive insight was found in schizophrenia patients with depression. The cognitive insight and psychopathology were not found significantly correlated to the age of the patient, age of onset of the illness and the total duration of the illness. There was significant difference among groups in relation to the PANSS-P, PANSS-G, with cognitive insight SR, SC, RC (p value 0.000).  No significant difference was found for the PANSS-N (p=0.156) among both groups.Conclusions: Cognitive insight may impact negative symptoms directly via a rigid reasoning style that fosters disengagement in constructive activity as well as reduced interpersonal expressivity.

IN VITRO CULTURE OF MOSS BRYUM CORONATUM SCHWAEGR.(BRYACEAE) AND IT'S PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to establish in vitro conditions for moss Bryum coronatum Schwaegr. And to carry out preliminary phytochemical screening of B. coronatum leaf extracts in different solvents. Methods: Fresh unopened, mature capsules were used as explant and surface sterilization of spores bearing capsule with different concentration of sodium hypochlorite (0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8%) with different time duration. The Mu­rashige and Skoog (MS) medium that contains different concentration(full,1/2, 1/4th, 1/8th strength) with different concentration of sucrose were used for culture this moss. Phytochemical screening were carried out using ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extract of B. coronatum to identify various constitutes using the standard procedures. Results: Surface sterilization of spores of this moss was most effective in 4% commercial bleach for 1 min sterilization. The optimum condition for germination of spores and for proper growth of gametophytes B. coronatum on MS/4 medium strength with sucrose (1.5%), at pH 5.8 and temperature 22±2ºC with 16/8h: light/dark condition. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins in all extracts. Conclusion: Four percentage NaOCl aqueous solutions are better for surface sterilization of moss sporophytes. MS/4 medium with 1.5% sucrose found the best medium for spore germination. Solvents extracts showed presence of alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins in all extracts

Synthesis, Characterization and Ion Exchange Properties of a New Ion Exchange Material: Bismuth (III) Iodophosphate

Eight samples of the three component cation  exchanger  [Bismuth(III)iodophosphate]  has  been  synthesized by mixing different  ratio of 0.1M bismuth nitrate, 0.1M potassium iodate, 0.1M orthophosphoric acid at pH between 0-1. The material shows ion exchange capacity for Na+ ion of 0.5meq/g.  It  has  been  characterized using  I.R., X-ray, TGA studies. A number of ion exchange studies like pH titration, chemical stability, thermal stability and distribution behaviour were studies. Ion exchange capacity has also been determined for various metal ions such as K+, Mg2+ etc. pH titration method was also used for the determination of ion exchange capacity. On account of the Kd values and elution pattern, the cation exchanger is found to be selective for Pb2+

CRITICAL BARRIERS OF FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY TO MITIGATE THEIR IMPACTS

Food safety and food security have captured the significant attention of researchers. The main objective of this study is to identify the critical barriers of food supply chain management in the Indian context. For this, a decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) based approach is used. With an assessment of existing literature and consultation with food chain experts, 15 barriers have been identified for analysis. Critical barriers and their causal relationships are explored through the cause-and-effect diagram. Results of this study show that the barriers, namely “Lack of Government policy and regulation support” (B8) and “Extreme & diverse climate conditions in India” (B15), are the top two most critical and influential barriers. Recent advances in Blockchain technology have paved for mitigating the impact of these barriers on the performance of the food supply chain, and with the suitable intervention of Blockchain technology, many such barriers can be overcome, thereby improving food supply chain performance

An unusual case of septate uterus with double cervix and longitudinal vaginal septum simulating uterus didelphys

Rare mullerian anomalies not falling in any present classification are sometimes reported. A 27-year‐old woman came to our hospital with history of secondary infertility. She was found to have a longitudinal vaginal septum, cervical duplication and two endometrial cavities, separated by a complete septum. Laparoscopic examination revealed a relatively intact uterine fundus with both patent fallopian tubes. Hysteroscopic exam confirmed the presence of double vagina and double cervix, as well as complete uterine septum. It was a rare variant of complete septate uterus with double cervix, which could be successfully treated by hysteroscopic operation. Diagnosis and management of this unusual Müllerian anomaly are discussed in the context of a literature review