DEXTRAN SULFATE STABILIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLE: NEXT GENERATION EFFICIENT THERAPY FOR CANCER

Objective: Synthesize silver nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach and encapsulate silver nanoparticles with a naturally occurring polymer, particularly of an-hydroglucose type, like dextran sulfate sodium salt and to study its anticancer activity. Methods: Green synthesis approach is been employed in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Psidium guajava leaf extract. The nanoparticles were then encapsulated with dextran sulfate biopolymer and the nanoparticles were subjected to different characterization techniques. The structure of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, the presence of different functional groups was analyzed by FTIR studies. Size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated using FESEM analysis. Anticancer activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against the MCF-cell line. Results: The XRD analysis shows the crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The stretching and vibrating modes of different functional groups were confirmed by FTIR result. The SEM image confirmed the presence of spherical shaped nanoparticles and the TEM image confirmed the average size of the particles to be around 24 nm. The Ag-DS NPs showed 91% cell inhibition for the concentration of 100 μg/ml, indicating the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles against MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: Dextran sulfate stabilized silver nanoparticles show potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line

EVALUATION OF C. ALBICANS INDUCED WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA

To establish the wound healing activity of methanolic extract of A. paniculata two model were performed to evaluate the wound healing i.e., incision and excision model. In incision model the parameter which was carried out was breaking strength of wound skin. In excision model percentage wound concentration and period of epithelization was established for the extract. Reference stand drug was Framycetin sulphate cream ointment for comparison with other group. From the observation in both the model. Methanolic extract was found to have greater wound healing activity it terms of breaking strength in incision model and percentage wound concentration, period of epithelization was highest in excision model compared with group. In conclusion methanolic extract of A. paniculata better healing ablity

Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium Doped Ferric Sulphate Nanoparticles (Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs) for Agriculture Applications

The present study aimed to synthesize the magnesium doped ferric sulphate nanoparticles (Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs) and investigate their seed germination efficacy. Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs were prepared by a simple and cost-effective method and subjected to characterization. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectrum revealed the crystalline nature of Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs with an average crystallite size of 36.41 nm. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image displayed the agglomeration of Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs with the shape of the grains appeared like starfish which has limbs grown from a common cluster. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) demonstrated the existence of C (10.5%), O (49.14%), Fe (26.67%), Mg (0.78%) and S (13.35%) elements in Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs. It also revealed the absence of impurities in the synthesized NPs. Through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs showed the characteristic peaks at 615.29cm-1, 1130.29cm-1, 1400.32 cm-1and 1633.71cm-1 which corresponded to Fe-O, C-N, O-H and N-H vibration respectively. Further, the seed germination study revealed that the Mg-Fe2SO3 NPs treatment caused a significant increase in seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds compared to the untreated samples

Characterization of Calcium Phosphate Chitosan Nanocomposite as Plant Growth Promoter

In this study, calcium phosphate-chitosan nanocomposite (CaP-CS NC) was prepared by a convenient and affordable co-precipitation method, and the prepared NC was tested for agriculture application.  Physico-chemicals analyses of the CaP-CS NC were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) instruments to determine the structural characteristics, surface topology, chemical composition, function group, and optical properties. The XRD pattern of CaP-CS NC revealed that the average crystallite size was 43 nm. The SEM images showed agglomeration of the CaP-CS NC with a rod-like shape. The EDS spectrum of the CaP-CS NC indicated the presence of Ca, P, O, and N elements. FTIR displayed vibrational peaks for the active functional group such as carboxylic (C=O), amines (N-H), hydroxyl (O-H), and alkyne (C-H). Furthermore, the spectrum of CaP-CS NC showed the bending mode of phosphates at 588.37 cm-1 and 508.45 cm-1. The UV-Vis-NIR spectrum of the prepared nanocomposite indicates the anti-reflection properties, which might be useful in solar cell applications to increase the efficiency of the solar cell. In addition, the prepared CaP-CS NC was tested for the plant growth stimulator properties at the lab scale level, wherein it exhibited substantial growth. Accordingly, the current study suggests that the prepared CaP-CS NC could be used as a plant growth promoter

Evaluation of radionuclides in the terrestrial environment of Western Ghats

The activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil samples of an elevated radiation background area of Western Ghats were determined using gamma-ray spectrometry with the aim of evaluating the environmental radioactivity. The annual effective dose equivalent and the radiation hazard indices from the soil activity were estimated to reduce the harmful effects of gamma radiation to the population dwelling in the area. The activity concentrations of 232Th and average outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate were found to be higher than the world average, this may affect Western Ghats environment in general. Therefore, the radiological risks to the general population from ionizing radiation from the naturally occurring radionuclides in the soil are considered to be significant. However, other radiological hazard indices were found to be within permissible limits

Risk assessment of radioactivity in soils of forest and grassland ecosystems of the Western Ghats, India

Naturally occurring radionuclides were investigated in soil samples collected from a tropical rainforest in the Western Ghats, India. For comparison, a number of soil samples from nearby meadows (open grassland) were also studied using gamma-ray spectrometry. Average values of the activity concentration of radionuclides, outdoor gamma-ray dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent and radiation hazard indices from soil activity were estimated. Significant differences were found between the soils from the forest and meadow sites: the meadow sites contained higher natural radionuclide concentrations than the forest sites. The activity concentration of 232Th and average outdoor gamma-ray dose rates were found to be higher than the global average in both ecosystems, so high gamma radiation appears to affect the Western Ghats environment. Therefore, the radiological risks to the general population from ionizing radiation from the naturally occurring radionuclides in the soil are considered to be significant. However, other radiological hazard indices that were calculated were within acceptable limits

Measurement of radioactivity in an elevated radiation background area of Western Ghats

As part of monitoring the exposure of the general public to natural radioactivity, the activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil samples in an elevated radiation background area of Western Ghats was determined using gamma-ray spectrometry. Average values of the activity concentration of radionuclides, outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent and radiation hazard indices from soil activity were estimated. The activity concentrations of 232Th and average outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate were found to be higher than the world average, possibly affecting the Western Ghats environment in general. Therefore, radiological risks to the general population from ionizing radiation from the naturally occurring radionuclides in the soil are considered to be significant. How- ever, other radiological hazard indices were found to be within permissible limits

Preparation and characterization of nano scale PMMA thin films

64-67Thin films of nano scale poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were prepared by fast dip coating technique (FDCT). XRD spectra indicated the amorphous nature of the films. The closer SEM inspection revealed that self-assembled mesoscopic cells for both as grown and annealed PMMA films. Low leakage current was observed in the J-V characteristics for the voltage ranges studied. The absence of hysteresis in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">J-V characteristics for the forward and reverse sweep direction eliminates the presence of deep traps in the PMMA thin films studied. The observed surface morphology, thermal stability and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">J-V behaviour indicated that these films could be used as AFM data storage devices as an efficient dielectric layer in field effect organic thin film transistors