Reliability Indices Used in Design of Water Distribution Networks

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

UV photo-ionization based asymmetric field differential ion mobility sensor for trace gas detection

A high-field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FA-IMS) with ultra-violet (UV) photo-ionization source is proposed and demonstrated for measurement of trace amounts of volatile organic compound (VOC) gases. Experimental studies performed with the sensor using a high frequency asymmetrical waveform differential field for detection of acetone, hexane and acetone-hexane mixture in trace concentrations are discussed. The detection limit as estimated for a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 is of the order of 100 ppb for acetone and hexane. Experimental studies clearly show that selective sensing of a gas in a mixture of gases is also possible by appropriate value for the compensation voltage. Numerical Simulation is also performed using two-dimensional fluid-flow equations to estimate the motion of ions in an electric field. The study also demonstrated influence of parameters such as flow velocity, duty-ratio, on compensation voltage for detection of trace VOC gases with asymmetrical high-frequency electric field. Results based on theoretical study are in agreement with the experimental studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Bilateral cystic presentation of renal malignant fibrous histiocytoma

We report on a 53-year-old male patient with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the kidney. This malignant mesenchymal tumor presented as a large mass lesion arising from the upper pole of the right kidney. Indistinguishable clinically and radiologically from a renal cell carcinoma, a few unusual. features were the predominantly cystic areas interspersed with non-central calcification and complex cyst of the contralateral kidnei:. The dilenuna of adjuvant therapy after radical nephrectomy continues

Dual Photoionization Source-Based Differential Mobility Sensor for Trace Gas Detection in Human Breath

Trace concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human exhale have been reported for their potential as biomarkers for detection and monitoring of various disease states. This paper discusses design of a dual ultraviolet photoionization source-based compact differential mobility sensor (DMS) for detection of trace VOCs, such as acetone and hexane. The DMS sensor demonstrated a sub-parts per million level detection limit for acetone and hexane as estimated for signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Results of experiment performed for detection of trace concentrations of acetone in human exhaled air from a few normal and diabetic volunteers are also described. It was observed that acetone concentration in human breath for the volunteers show good correlation with blood glucose measurements as recorded with glucometer

Base-load solar thermal power using thermochemical energy storage

Using a closed-loop thermochemical system based on the reversible ammonia reaction is one of the possible ways for building solar thermal power systems capable of providing electricity on a 24-hour basis without the need for any fossil fuel back-up. In a collaborative effort between industrial and academic partners from Australia, Switzerland, Germany and Malaysia, a study was undertaken to examine the techno-economic viability of this solar concept by formulating a preliminary design for a hypothetical 10 MWe demonstration system in Central Australia. It was found that a carefully designed demonstration solar power plant, which dominantly uses proven and standard materials, components and technologies, is likely to cost of the order of AUD 157 million and operate with a net solar-to-electric conversion efficiency of 18% and a capacity factor of 80%. This will result in levelised electricity costs (LEC) of about AUD 0.24 per kWhe

Techno-Economic Analysis of a 10 MWe Solar Thermal Power Plant Using Ammonia-Based Thermochemical Energy Transfer

The production of solar thermal power on a continuous, 24-h basis is possible by applying thermochemical energy storage. An international group of industrial and academic partners is studying such a base-load solar power plant concept, where the reversible thermo-catalytic ammonia reaction serves as the energy vector between supply and demand. Early results confirm the technical soundness of the concept using conventional technology, equipment and materials, and indicate also the potential for economic viability. A first-of-a-kind, solar-only demonstration power plant with a net capacity of 10 MWe would require a capital investment of the order of AUD 180 million and operate with a net solar-to-electric conversion efficiency of 18% and a capacity factor of 80%. This would result in levelised electricity costs of less than AUD 0.25 per kWh