English relative clauses: what Malay learners know and use

Second language (L2) learners have problems when acquiring relative clauses (Hawkins and Chan 1997; Wong 1999). This study examines and attempts to explain the learners' competence in the use of relative clauses. The L2 learners are L1 (first language) speakers of Malay who were gauged to have elementary proficiency in English by the Oxford Placement Test. A grammaticality judgment task (GJT) was administered to determine the subjects' ability to distinguish between the grammatical and ungrammatical forms of relative clauses. The task revealed the students' acquired competence in this particular area. This competence is further examined in the context of a production task which gauged their ability to form relative clauses through sentence combining. Results from the GJT showed consistently low scores for a variety of extractions from various positions in the formation of relative clauses. This is further supported by the results obtained from the sentence-combination task where the production of correct sentences using relative clauses was the focus. In sum, the Malay learners failed to recognise and produce appropriate relative clause constructions. The data confirmed other findings that relative clauses are a source of difficulty for these L2 learners and these findings have pedagogic implications for the learning of this essential grammar component

Effects of Handling on Hatchability of Eggs of the Leatherback Turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (L.)

The infertility rate among clutches of leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) eggs incubated in the hatchery at Rantau A bang, Malaysia is estimated at 22%. Variance in hatchability among fertile clutches ranges from 35.7- 96. 7% (x = 78%) for eggs handled with maximum care. For such eggs hatchability did not show a correlation with the time between oviposition and reburial. Leatherback eggs can tolerate rough handling only up to 5 hours after oviposition. Beyond this threshold, careful handling to prevent rolling, bumping, rotation and disorientation of the vertical axis will enhance hatch rates

Research, conservation and educational activities of the Sea Turtle Research Unit (SEATRU), Universiti Putra Malaysia Terengganu

The Sea Turtle Research Unit of University Putra Malaysia Terengganu (UPMT) was established in 1984, when research on sea turtles was first initiated in the University. Among the various research activities that have been conducted by the Unit, turtle tagging and nesting biology, research on hatchery and sex ratio, inter-nesting movements and behaviour, long distance migration and student research are included. Results from the satellite tracking study on long distance migration have reinforced the urgent need for regional cooperation among the ASEAN nations. The conservation and educational activities included the in-situ incubation of green and hawksbill turtle eggs. The public outreach programmes include the likes of 'Adopt a nest', 'Adopt a turtle', 'Volunteer Programme' and 'Turtle Camps'

Stance-taking using lexico-grammatical features in argumentative writing of Malaysian undergraduates

Argumentative writing is an important skill expected of all students from the institutions of higher learning. These tertiary students are often required to state their opinions and put forward their arguments in their written essays, assignments, and projects. As Shannon (2011) points out students are required to write to fulfill their academic course requirements. Hyland (2005) also emphasises the importance of writing which involves interactions between writers and readers. The ways that the writers express their opinions to the readers are very much related to the choices of their language use. Therefore, this study explores how undergraduate writers state their stances in English argumentative essays. The analysis of the argumentative essays for stance was based on the framework proposed by Biber (2006), focusing on the lexico grammatical features. The findings of this study were obtained from the argumentative essays of thirty undergraduate writers from a public university in Malaysia. The findings of this study have provided a more in-depth understanding of how stance-taking can be identified through the use of particular linguistic features such as modal verbs, stance adverbs, and stance complement clauses in argumentative writing by these ESL undergraduate writers. Further, the findings from the analysis of the use of linguistic features in English for stating stances can then be used to guide these writers improve their abilities to write for academic purposes, specifically in argumentative writing

A Riemann solver at a junction compatible with a homogenization limit

We consider a junction regulated by a traffic lights, with n incoming roads and only one outgoing road. On each road the Phase Transition traffic model, proposed in [6], describes the evolution of car traffic. Such model is an extension of the classic Lighthill-Whitham-Richards one, obtained by assuming that different drivers may have different maximal speed. By sending to infinity the number of cycles of the traffic lights, we obtain a justification of the Riemann solver introduced in [9] and in particular of the rule for determining the maximal speed in the outgoing road.Comment: 19 page

Tracking Cyber Adversaries with Adaptive Indicators of Compromise

A forensics investigation after a breach often uncovers network and host indicators of compromise (IOCs) that can be deployed to sensors to allow early detection of the adversary in the future. Over time, the adversary will change tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), which will also change the data generated. If the IOCs are not kept up-to-date with the adversary's new TTPs, the adversary will no longer be detected once all of the IOCs become invalid. Tracking the Known (TTK) is the problem of keeping IOCs, in this case regular expressions (regexes), up-to-date with a dynamic adversary. Our framework solves the TTK problem in an automated, cyclic fashion to bracket a previously discovered adversary. This tracking is accomplished through a data-driven approach of self-adapting a given model based on its own detection capabilities. In our initial experiments, we found that the true positive rate (TPR) of the adaptive solution degrades much less significantly over time than the naive solution, suggesting that self-updating the model allows the continued detection of positives (i.e., adversaries). The cost for this performance is in the false positive rate (FPR), which increases over time for the adaptive solution, but remains constant for the naive solution. However, the difference in overall detection performance, as measured by the area under the curve (AUC), between the two methods is negligible. This result suggests that self-updating the model over time should be done in practice to continue to detect known, evolving adversaries.Comment: This was presented at the 4th Annual Conf. on Computational Science & Computational Intelligence (CSCI'17) held Dec 14-16, 2017 in Las Vegas, Nevada, US

Loss of viability during freeze-thaw of intact and adherent human embryonic stem cells with conventional slow-cooling protocols is predominantly due to apoptosis rather than cellular necrosis

10.1007/s11373-005-9051-9Journal of Biomedical Science133433-44