ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanostructures based gas sensor for sensing Acetone gas at room temperature

In this paper  ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanostructures are used to fabricate the gas sensor which can sense low concentration of acetone gas at room temperature. Due to its reducing properties, acetone gas releases electrons to the surface of the core/shell nanorods. Therefore a sharp increase in conductivity of the sensing material was observed when the sensor was exposed to the acetone gas. The fabricated sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity towards acetone gas at room temperature and is capable of detecting it to a minimum concentration of 10 ppm.  Â

An Access to Fully Substituted β-Iodo N-Arylated Enamines via Dehydrogenative Iodoarylation of Vinylogous Carbamates Using Phenyliodine(III)diacetate(PIDA)

A novel and facile dehydrogenative iodoarylation of N-aryl vinylogous carbamates with hypervalent iodine (III) as the source of aryl and iodide has been developed. This protocol provides a valuable synthetic tool for the assembly of a wide range of β-iodo N-arylated enamines under mild conditions with functional group tolerance and scalability. This attractive route for the synthesis of β-iodo N-arylated enamines is of great importance due to the product versatile reactivity for further transformations

Stereoselective Aminoiodination of Activated Alkynes with Organoiodine(III) Reagents and Amines via Multiple-Site Functionalization: Access to Iodinated Enamines and N-Aryl Indoles

A stereoselective aminoiodination of activated alkynes with PhI(OAc)2 and amines via multiple-site functionalization to afford (Z)diethyl 2-(diphenylamino)-3-iodomaleate derivatives with superior yields has been described. The key feature of this reaction is the incorporation of iodide and aryl group concurrently in the same molecule in a stereoselective manner by employing PhI(OAc)2 as electrophilic reagent as well as iodide and aryl group source. The high stereoselectivity of the reaction can be explained based on the structure of the possible intermediates, the conformations of which controlled by the hydrogen bonding, steric hindrance and electrostatic attractions. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions, providing various dialkyl 2-(diphenylamino)-3-iodomaleates by a single operation starting from activated alkynes. The robustness of our strategy is revealed by making of bis (dialkyl 2-(diphenylamino)-3-iodomaleate) derivatives involving formation of four new C-N bonds and two C-I bonds with a single step. The synthesized inactive 3° enamines (dialkyl 2-(diphenylamino)-3-iodomaleates) could be further transformed into highly substituted indoles via Pd catalyzed C-H and C-I activation under non-acidic conditions

Comprehensive studies on the electrical transport of some chalcogenide semiconductors: frequency- and temperature-dependent AC conductivity

The AC conductivity of chalcogenide semiconductors doped with Ag2S was extensively studied, not only for applications in devices but also for academic interests. X-ray diffraction studies reveal the presence of GeS, Ag2S, Se5.1S1.9, Se2.57S5.43, Ag2Se, S3Se5, Se4.7S3.3, and Ag8S nanocrystallites. The characteristic vibration that appeared in the range 500–600 cm−1 is due to the Ag–S bond, and the vibrations at 3,700 and 1600 cm−1 can be assigned as the bending and stretching vibrations of the O–H bond, which may be formed due to the adsorption of H2O molecules on the Ag2S surface. DC electrical conductivity can be increased by optical phonon frequency, which may be involved in the enhancement of structural vibrations. At low temperatures, the “density of states” increases from 3.337 × 1019 to 2.396 × 1021 eV−1 cm−3, and at high temperatures, it enhances from 3.417 × 1028 to 1.1356 × 1031 eV– 1 cm−3. The correlated barrier hopping model explores the maximum barrier height for composition, x = 0.1 as 0.0292 eV. The modified non-overlapping small polaron tunnelling model reveals the polaron transfer activation energy for x = 0.2 as 0.09110 eV. The independence of the electrical relaxation process of the system on temperature and its dependence on composition were exhibited by the scaling of the conductivity spectra

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Not AvailableParasitism is a common problem for mithun (Bos frontalis) resulting in production losses in terms of meat and milk. Prevalence of ectoparasites infestation including Rhipicephalus microplus, Ambylomma testuidinarium, Ixodes ovatus and I. acutitarsus, has been reported based on taxonomic studies and PCR amplification of conserved gene. Different gastrointestinal helminth like Haemonchus contortus, Mecistocirrus digitatus, Trichostrongylus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Trichuris spp s, Thelazia species, Strongyloides papillosus, different amphistomes and Fasciola gigantica were also reported from mithun from India. Among filarial worms, Setaria digitata was recorded from peritoneal cavity of mithun and its molecular confirmation was done based on PCR amplification of marker genes. Tapeworm infestation viz. Moniezia expansa, M. benedeni, hydatid cyst and Cysticercus tenuicollis, were also commonly occurred in mithun. Enteric protozoa like different species of Eimeria, Cryptospordium species, Balantidium coli, has been diagnosed based on morphological identification sporulated oocysts and developmental stages found on faecal examination.. Another obligate intracellular parasites Toxoplasma gondii, was also diagnosed based on ELISA and modified agglutination test. An integrated approach incorporating deworming, good livestock management and optimum feeding management practice coupled with vaccination programme will make successful parasite control programme in near future.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA total of 90 animals each of both Tho-Tho and cross bred cattle were screened for the presence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in and around the locality of Nagaland during the year of 2012-13. Among strongyle parasites, recorded parasites were Trichostrongylus, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum and Cooperia species in both Tho-Tho cattle as well as cross bred. However, occurrence of Toxocara vitulorum and Bunostomum and Eimerian species were also recorded from calves. Among tapeworm infestation, M. benedeni was recorded in Tho-Tho and M. expansa was recorded in cross bred. As a whole, there was low level of subclinical infestation due to peculiar topography and climate of this region.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableObjective: To assess the effect of melatonin (MT) at different seasons of the year on sperm motility, viability, total sperm abnormality, acrosomal membrane, plasma membrane and nuclear integrity, antioxidant profiles such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), enzymatic profiles such as aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT) and biochemical profiles such as malondialdehyde (MDA) production. Methods: Total numbers of 80 ejaculates (20 ejaculates in each season) were collected twice a week from mithun bulls and semen was split into five equal aliquots, diluted with the tris egg yolk citrate (TEYC) extender. Group 1: semen without additives (control), group 2 to group 5: semen was diluted with 1 mM, 2 mM, 3 mM, and 4 mM of melatonin, respectively. These seminal parameters, antioxidant, enzymatic and biochemical profiles were assessed at liquid storage of mithun semen (5 oC). Simultaneously, retrospective study was conducted on birth rate of calf at different seasons from 2002 to 2012 from farm birth register of mithun farm. Results: Inclusion of melatonin into diluent resulted in significant (P)Not Availabl

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Not AvailableParasitism is a common problem for mithun (Bos frontalis) resulting in production losses in terms of meat and milk. Prevalence of ectoparasites infestation including Rhipicephalus microplus, Ambylomma testuidinarium, Ixodes ovatus and I. acutitarsus, has been reported based on taxonomic studies and PCR amplification of conserved gene. Different gastrointestinal helminth like Haemonchus contortus, Mecistocirrus digitatus, Trichostrongylus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Trichuris spp s, Thelazia species, Strongyloides papillosus, different amphistomes and Fasciola gigantica were also reported from mithun from India. Among filarial worms, Setaria digitata was recorded from peritoneal cavity of mithun and its molecular confirmation was done based on PCR amplification of marker genes. Tapeworm infestation viz. Moniezia expansa, M. benedeni, hydatid cyst and Cysticercus tenuicollis, were also commonly occurred in mithun. Enteric protozoa like different species of Eimeria, Cryptospordium species, Balantidium coli, has been diagnosed based on morphological identification sporulated oocysts and developmental stages found on faecal examination.. Another obligate intracellular parasites Toxoplasma gondii, was also diagnosed based on ELISA and modified agglutination test. An integrated approach incorporating deworming, good livestock management and optimum feeding management practice coupled with vaccination programme will make successful parasite control programme in near future.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableObjective To assess the effect of catalase (CAT) on sperm motility, viability, total sperm abnormality, acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity, enzymatic profiles such as aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), biochemical profiles such as cholesterol efflux and malonaldehyde (MDA) production and antioxidant profiles such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Methods Total numbers of 50 ejaculates were collected twice a week from eight mithun bulls and semen was split into four equal aliquots, diluted with the TEYC extender. Group 1: semen without additives (control), group 2 to group 4: semen was diluted with 50 U/mL, 100 U/mL and 150 U/mL of catalase, respectively. These seminal, enzymatic, biochemical and antioxidant profiles were assessed at 5 °C for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 30 h of incubation. Results Inclusion of catalase into diluent resulted in significant (P < 0.05) decrease in percentages of dead spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa and acrosomal abnormalities at different hours of storage periods as compared with control group. Additionally, CAT at 50 and 150 U/mL were inferior to CAT 100 U/mL treatments as regards to these characteristics and CAT at 100 U/mL has significant improvement in quality of mithun semen in in– vitro stored for up to 30 h. Conclusions It was concluded that the possible protective effects of CAT on sperm parameters are it prevent efflux of cholesterol from cell membrane, MDA production and protect the function of antioxidants during preservation.Not Availabl

Circulation of an atypical hepatitis C virus (HCV) strain at a dialysis unit in northeast India

Abstract Patients undergoing hemodialysis are at an increased risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The implementation of standard infection control measures can substantially decrease the risk of infections and other nosocomial infections. To study the HCV infection rates and genotypes in maintenance hemodialysis subjects in a dialysis unit. A total of 196 maintenance hemodialysis subjects were tested for HCV RNA for one year at a tertiary care teaching hospital in northeast India continuously. Genotyping was performed using direct sequencing (Sanger sequencing) of the 5′UTR‐core region. The HCV infection rate was 26.0%. On phylogenetic analysis, 29 sequences clustered around genotype 3 and subtype 3f were observed. High sequence similarities (75–100% homology) were observed among the isolated sequences. High molecular similarities in the isolates from the same dialysis unit with a high infection rate (26.0%) over a relatively short period of study (10 months) indicated an ongoing nosocomial transmission. Nosocomial transmission by subtype 3f is rare, and it has not been reported in dialysis cases previously. The strain is most likely evolving from common strains such as 3b or 3i and may spread due to migration or movement of people. Urgent implementation of adequate infection control measures is required