A Conceptual Model of the Incubation of New Technology-Based Ventures: a Social Capital Perspective

Technology incubators are newer organizational forms that are created to support and accelerate the development and success of affiliated ventures, particularly new technology-based ventures. Current literature regarding incubators has suggested that an understanding of the incubation process is important when seeking to understand how affiliated ventures develop and grow. However, very little is known about the incubation process, particularly the incubation of technology-based ventures. Prior literature suggests that technology-based ventures develop in terms of both business and technological development and that the incubation process varies along these dimensions. Thus, understanding the incubation of technology–based ventures must consider the differing but simultaneous dynamics of business and technological development. Drawing from the social capital, entrepreneurship, incubation, and organizational learning literature, a conceptual model of the incubation of new technology-based ventures within technology incubators is presented.incubators; new technology-based ventures; entrepreneurship; innovation.

Multiple charge beam dynamics in Alternate Phase Focusing structure

Asymmetrical Alternate Phase (A-APF) focusing realized in a sequence of 36 Superconducting Quarter Wave Resonators has been shown to accelerate almost 81 % of input Uranium beam before foil stripper to an energy of 6.2 MeV/u from 1.3 MeV/u. Ten charge states from 34+ to 43+ could be simultaneously accelerated with the phase of resonators tuned for 34+. A-APF structure showed unique nature of large potential bucket for charge states higher than that of tuned one. Steering inherent to QWRs can be mitigated by selecting appropriate phase variation of the APF periods and optimization of solenoid field strengths placed in each of the periods. This mitigation facilitates multiple charge state acceleration schemeComment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Innovation and Productivity in U.S. Industry

macroeconomics, U.S. industry, productivity, manufacturing, textiles, chemicals

Defence and space expenditures in the US: An inter-firm analysis

The economic impact of defence and space expenditures has been an important policy issue because of the secondary benefits expected to be accruing from it. Although defence and space activities can stimulate the early development of many technologies, the lasting economic impact of these technologies is difficult to measure. To capture the scientific and technological values added of defence and space financed productions, we have depended on the patents and scientific and technical publications as the indicators. The economic performance has been measured by two separate indicators: (a) firm growth in terms of average annual rate of change in the number of employees, and (b) rate of return on sales measured by the company's net profits in relation to sales. From 1970-75 and 1980-85 the weight within the manufacturing sector of both defence contractors and the civilian companies increased. Defence firms gained considerably in terms of sales, employment, gross plants and company funded R&D in the latter period under the Reagan Administration. Whereas this may be considered a Reagan effect in defence procurement, other indicators point to in the opposite direction: (a) decrease in the shares of defence R&D contracts, (b) relatively low growth of patent output as percent of total manufacturing from the defence firms, and (c) decrease in scientific publications from defence firms per 1000 employees. Firm level analysis showed that military R&D contracts did not contribute to economic or technical efficiency. Space expenditure did not contribute to improvement of economic performance as measured by company growth and profitability. NASA contracts were not associated with technical progress measured by patents, but they improved scientific publications. Defence expenditures are not of importance for the overall economic efficiency. The standard financial variables, capital formation and own R&D activities prove mostly relevant. The study is restricted to an efficiency analysis in a cross sectional comparison and does not include the effect of market structure.

Post-Merger Technology Integration: Influential Organization and Information Systems Factors

This research investigates the role that four organizational and six information system factors, managed by leadership teams, play in predicting the success of post-merger information systems (IS) integration between two companies. Data were gathered using a self-administered, mail and online survey instrument from senior IS executives at firms that have experienced a U.S. public merger greater than $25 million between 2004 and 2007. The results support the research hypotheses that quality of merger planning, quality of communication of merger activities to IS, quality of IS integration planning, degree of end-user involvement in IS integration activities, and quality of technical support to users during the IS integration each have a significant influence on post-merger IS integration success. In addition, based on a supplemental path model analysis, four additional hypotheses are indirectly supported. Although constrained by some limitations, this research contributes to the body of knowledge that identifies sources of IS integration performance, thus further explaining sources of overall merger performance