In vivo exposure of murine dendritic cell and macrophage bone marrow progenitors to the phosphorylcholine-containing filarial nematode glycoprotein ES-62 polarizes their differentiation to an anti-inflammatory phenotype

We have previously shown in an in vitro study that the filarial nematode phosphorylcholine (PC)-containing glycoprotein ES-62 promotes a murine dendritic cell (DC) phenotype that induces T helper type 2 (Th2) responses. We now show that, in addition to directly priming Th2 responses, ES-62 can act to dampen down the pro-inflammatory DC responses elicited by lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that murine DCs and macrophages derived ex vivo from bone marrow cells exposed in vivo to ES-62 by release from osmotic pumps are hyporesponsive to subsequent stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. These effects can be largely mimicked by exposure to the PC moiety of ES-62 conjugated to an irrelevant protein. The data we provide are, as far as we aware, the first to show that a defined pathogen product can modulate the developmental pathway of bone marrow cells of the immune system in vivo. Such a finding could have important implications for the use of pathogen products or their derivatives for immunotherapy

Dendritic cells and parasites: from recognition and activation to immune response instruction

The effective defense against parasite infections requires the ability to mount an appropriate and controlled specific immune response able to eradicate the invading pathogen while limiting the collateral damage to self-tissues. Dendritic cells are key elements for the development of immunity against parasites; they control the responses required to eliminate these pathogens while maintaining host homeostasis. Ligation of dendritic cell pattern recognition receptors by pathogen-associated molecular pattern present in the parasites initiates signaling pathways that lead to the production of surface and secreted proteins that are required, together with the antigen, to induce an appropriate and timely regulated immune response. There is evidence showing that parasites can influence and regulate dendritic cell functions in order to promote a more permissive environment for their survival. In this review, we will focus on new insights about the ability of protozoan and helminth parasites or their products to modify dendritic cell function and discuss how this interaction is crucial in shaping the host response.Fil: Motran, Claudia Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Ambrosio, Laura Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Volpini, Ximena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Celias, Daiana Pamela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Cervi, Laura Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentin