Hidrolik pnömatik sektöründe üretimin, ithalatın ve ihracatın sorgulanması, denetimi ve standardizasyonu

Bu kongrenin birincisinde yine bu konuda bir panelde görev almıştım . O konuşmama dünyanın ilk standardizasyon uygulaması sayılacak, 1502 tarihinde Sultan II. Beyazit tarafından çıkartılan "Kanunname-i Ihtisab-ı Bursa" olarak bilinen belgeden bir alıntıyla başlamıştım . Yani, dünyada bilinen belki de ilk standardizasyon çalışmasından; Osmanlı'nın kullandığı standartlardan. Kimse üzerine alınmasın diyemeyeceğim , zira üzerimize alınmamamız nedeniyle hala pek çok konuda yerimizde sayıyoruz . Geçen iki senelik zaman zarfında muhakkak ki pek çok konuda standardizasyon çalışmaları yapılmış , uygulamaya konulmuştur. Fakat, kendi alanımızda , hidrolik ve pnömatik alanında ne gibi yeni standartlar hazırladık, araştırdık, çalışmalarına başladık , ve de uygulamaya koyduk diye sorarsak pek olumlu cevaplar verebileceğimizi sanmıyorum. Halbuki, geçen kongrede ithalatçımız da, imalatçımız da, kullanıcımız da standartlar konusundan yakınmıştık. Yanlış anlaşılmasın, standartların getirdiği yükten değil standartlara uyumsuzluktan şikayet etmiştik . Bu geçen zaman içerisinde, AKDER'in üyesi olan bütün kuruluşlara hidrolik ve pnömatikdeki iSO standartları ve bunların içerisinden TSE tarafından uygulanmaya konulmuş ' olanlarının tam bir listesi gönderildi. Üyelerimizden, kendi ihtisas alanlarında kullandıkları ve ihtiyaç duydukları standartları bildirmeleri istendi. Sadece 4 üye kuruluştan yanıt geldi! Standartlar konusuna gösterdikleri hassasiyetten dolayı bu üyelerimize teşekkür ediyor ve kendilerinin hepimize örnek olmalarını diliyoruz

Normlar, standartlar ve ülkemizdeki uygulamaları ile, servis ve onarım sorunları

"Pazarcı kaftanlarının boyu arşın çeyrek olunca eteği iki arşın bir çeyrek olacak. Beli ve koltuğu beşer rub'u olacak. Yen ağzı yarım çeyrek ve uzunluğu bir arşın olup, arka eteği ile ön eteği bir olacak. Yaka uzunluğu yarım arşın ve eni yarım çeyrek ve girah olup düğmeleri boydan boya bir çeşit, astarı da bir nevi olacak." (1502 tarihinde Sultan II.Beyazit tarafından çıkartılan "Kanunname-i İhtisab-ı Bursa" olarak bilinen belgeden) Dünya tarihi yakından izlendiğinde, pek çok konuda ilklerin Doğu'dan geldiği ve de Türk'lerin bu alandaki katkılarının çok yüksek olduğu gerçeği ile karşılaşılır. Bunlardan biri de standartlar konusudur ve yukarda verdiğimiz örnek bunun en güzel kanıtıdır. ...TMMOB Makine Mühendisleri Odas

Automated assembly of printed circuit boards: iterative solution of placement sequencing and feeder configuration problems

In automated assembly of printed circuit boards, the placement sequencing and feeder configuration problems turns out to be two of the four major problems that need to be solved efficiently to get better utilization from the use of computer controlled electronic component placement machines. The forms of these problems may show variability depending on the architecture of the placement machine used. In this study one of such machine architectures is undertaken where the most difficult combination of placement sequencing and feeder configuration problems is faced. Given a placement sequencing problem, the feeder configuration problem turns out to be a quadratic assignment problem, and given a feeder configuration the placement sequencing problem turns out to be a traveling salesman problem. However these two problems are highly interdependent and as the overall solution is intractable a sequential and iterative solution procedure is suggested. The proposed solution procedure is applied to test problems in real printed circuit board assembly environments.Yazar Sürüm

Operations sequencing in a cable assembly shop

The need for a better, compact and neat solution in the cable systems used by the automotive industry resulted in emerge of companies specialized in producing such cable systems. The present study is an extension of the work that was carried out for one such company. One of the main operations in the production of cable systems is the attachment of the connectors to the ends of the cables. This process is composed of cutting, stripping and crimping the cable ends. These operations are to be performed for each connecter attachment. Each connector type requires a different head for the crimping operation. Thus, the required setup time is doubled if the heads for both ends of the cable should be changed. The problem in hand is a TSP where the distances between the nodes are either one or two. An effective and simple heuristic algorithm is developed that yields either an optimum solution or one that is off by a few percent. Among nine experiments six resulted with optimum solution while the others deviated from the optimum at most one percent

Optimizing crimping operations in cable assembly shops

Long setup times are incurred in the crimping operation of automotive cable assembly shops. Different heads are used to crimp different connectors to the end of operators where the heads on a machine can be changed one by one. These heads are quite expensive and the manufacturers avoid having more then one of each type. In such a manufacturing environment where multiple crimping machines are used the primary objective is to minimize the total time spent to setups. Also, it is desirable to have a schedule so that simultaneous use of the same head on more than one machine is avoided. In previous research there are some works on the first objective and two successful heuristics are proposed. In this study we cope for the second objective also and propose two comparable heuristic algorithms.WSEA

VRP12 (vehicle routing problem with distances one and two) with side constraints

The problem undertaken in this study is inspired from a real life application. Consider a vehicle routing problem where the distances between the customer locations are either one or two. We name this problem as VRP12 in an analogy for the name TSP12 used for the traveling salesman problem in the literature. Additionally, assume that, the time to visit each customer is not constant and the visiting time together with the travel time constitutes the capacity of the vehicle. Furthermore, each customer has two characteristics and any two customers having a common characteristic should not be visited at the same time. If visited, a penalty fee incurs. In this study, we give the formulation of this problem and suggest some simple but effective algorithms that can be used to solve it. The algorithms are built with the relaxation of the side constraints but their performances are evaluated with their success in satisfying them. Information on our case study is also provided

A generic transformation of advanced materials technologies: towards more integrated multi-materials systems via customized R&D and innovation

Starting with the last quarter of the 19th century until recent modern times, rapidly accelerating technological transformations and developments result in better and superior materials and cause improvements in almost every fields of technology. In this regard, materials technologies are also considered to be one of the major pillars and backbones of modern society with other generic fields such as energy, information-communication technologies and biotechnologies. Starting with the 21st century, a new era for advanced materials has emerged and greatly influenced by the market dynamics and intense competition from new entries (e.g. China and other new competitor countries). Advanced materials engineering has been evolving to become significantly more “integrated materials systems”. Working on individual and isolated material components is no longer adequate enough to solve sophisticated engineering problems in industry. Therefore, a new challenge has been forcing advanced materials to become more integrated with variety of materials i.e., multi-materials systems along with interaction of other engineering functions, i.e., multi-functionality. Despite the fact that regularly developing new technical and scientific achievements and improvements, there is a lack of research in technology and innovation management of advanced materials covering its newly forming characteristics in diverse and multi-sectoral markets. The qualitative findings and results of selected 18 contracted projects on advanced materials indicate the emerging rise of collaborative networking and cooperative activities within variety of sectors. It was found that the predominant connections among such activities are with universities, raw materials suppliers, service-providing companies for testing, analysis, characterization and variety of treatments (thermal, mechanical and chemical) along with in-house collaborations for processing and applications. Such findings should be considered new and emerging since the market is very well known for its intensely competitive environment and sensitivity for any spillovers of information of any kind

A TSP (1,2) application arising in cable assembly shops

One of the main operations in producing cable systems in the automotive industry is that of cutting/stripping/crimping. The most time-consuming activity in this operation is changing the heads whenever a different connector is to be crimped at either one of the ends. This set-up time is practically doubled when the heads at both ends are to be changed. Thus, one is faced with the problem of minimizing the total machine set-up time; which turns out to be a TSP where the distances between the nodes are either one or two. A simple and effective heuristic algorithm is developed that yields solutions, which are only a few percent above the optimum in the worst case