MODIFYING GEORGIA'S NEGLIGENCE LAW: A NEW GOOD SAMARITAN PARADIGM FOR SOME BUSINESS OWNERS

An investigation of the new statutory standards of conduct relating to accidents involving horses and other equids highlights current issues concerning tort liability. After a summary of existing Georgia Good Samaritan statutes and liability exceptions, part II evaluates the provisions on standards of conduct to show how the statute changes existing law. In part III, two legislative proposals are offered to encourage safer equine activities: (1) an amendment of the statutory provisions on warnings, and (2) adopting new provisions requiring helmets for minors. Through these proposed amendments, the statutory dispensation for equine owners and operators could be based on safety prerequisites.equine liability statute, Good Samaritan statutes, horses, tort liability, Agribusiness,

EXTERNALITIES FROM ROAMING LIVESTOCK: EXPLAINING THE DEMISE OF THE OPEN RANGE

Fence-in laws in most states require ranchers to pay for fences to keep their livestock from trespassing onto othersÂ’' property. Some states, or jurisdictions within states, have a fence-out rule that requires ranchers'Â’ neighbors to pay for fences to keep livestock out. Both rules are Pareto optimal. Using a potential Pareto criterion, we show that a preference for fence-out in some areas may end as conditions change, such as increased nonranching land uses. Changed conditions may have legal consequences. Specific fence-out and fence cost-sharing provisions may be potentially Pareto inefficient and may be challenged for being unconstitutional under the due process clause.Livestock Production/Industries,

FINANCING THE DISPOSAL OF UNWANTED AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES

The disposal of accumulated agricultural pesticides is an expensive proposition due to the hazardous nature of these materials. States have inititated unwanted pesticide collection efforts based on several funding options. Through an evaluation of regulations, funding options and comparison of amounts of pesticides collected to expenditures for pesticides, our paper offers some recommendations for future state collection efforts. It may be advantageous to give greater weight to efficiency considerations for the disposal of existing unwanted pesticide stocks, while equity considerations may be emphasized for the disposal of anticipated future stocks.Environmental Economics and Policy,

FMHA'S EFFORTS AGAINST DELINQUENT BORROWERS: PROPERTY INTERESTS AND TRANSACTION COSTS

A recent judicial decision has precluded the Farmers Home Administration from employing nonjudicial foreclosure proceedings in some states. Characteristics of FmHA loans and borrowers suggest that a potential "hold up" problem exists whereby borrowers may cause the value of their mortgaged properties to diminish below the outstanding balance of the loan. Empirical results of a survey show that the preclusion of nonjudicial foreclosure increased FmHAÂ’s direct losses from delinquent borrowers.Agricultural Finance,

20 recommended LGBTQ+ books for Pride Month 2021

For Pride Month 2021, this list brings together a tremendous breadth of LGBTQ+ readings in terms of topical, disciplinary and geographical scope. Most works included here are recent contributions from the social sciences and cultural critique that range from in-depth research-based monographs treating a particular question in great empirical detail (e.g. Carla A. Pfeffer, 2017) to compendia of shorter interventions offering plural insights onto LGBTQ+ lives, struggles and joys (e.g. Michael J. Bosnia et al, 2020)

Evolution of sensory neuropathy after initiation of antiretroviral therapy

Introduction: We studied the evolution of sensory neuropathy after antiretroviral therapy (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus–infected South Africans. Methods: Enrolment commenced before ART with 6-monthly follow-ups for 24 months. Symptomatic distal sensory polyneuropathy (SDSP) was defined as one symptom and sign. Symptom/sign scores were compared between visits. Results: We enrolled 184 participants. Pre-ART, 16% had SDSP. After 18 months of ART, pain prevalence decreased in those with pre-ART SDSP (odds ratio [OR], 0.09; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 0.03-0.29). Symptoms improved in 50% ever experiencing pain (mean improvement=-4.5 on 11-point scale). Participants SDSP-free pre-ART developed SDSP at a rate of 18 per 100 person-years. After 24 months, 18% had SDSP. Stavudine (60% of cohort) did not predict incident SDSP, but associated with increased prevalence of reduced/absent reflexes at 18 months (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.08-4.65). Conclusions: Painful symptoms improved during ART. Evolving sensory neuropathy was due to increasing small and large fiber dysfunction

COOPERATIVE ANTITRUST MONOPOLIZATION AND THE THEORY OF CONTESTABLE MARKETS

The judiciary has relied on a firm's market share to evaluate the presence of monopoly power for a Sherman Act monopolization violation. However, an allegation that a firm's market share constitutes monopoly power may be refuted by evidence that there exists a contestable market. Contestable market theory shows that there is no monopoly power where there exists a threat of entry of other firms. This theory thereby offers agricultural cooperatives, which may have a large market share by reasons of the antitrust immunity provided by the Capper-Volstead Act, an argument to overcome allegations of a Sherman Act monopolization violation.Industrial Organization,

FINANCING THE DISPOSAL OF UNWANTED AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES

Since the mid 1980s, it has been recognized that significant quantities of unwanted pesticides are being retained by agricultural producers in barns and other out buildings throughout the United States. State governments have responded to the hazards posed by these pesticides by implementing programs to collect and dispose of them. This paper reviews issues related to costs and funding of pesticide collection and disposal programs. Primary and secondary information on states' approaches to and experiences with unwanted pesticide removal is presented. Differences in the theoretical impacts of various collection funding methods on reducing unwanted pesticide stocks and allocating disposal costs are discussed.Environmental Economics and Policy,