Cancer patients and smoking cessation

Abstinence from smoking is the most important element of cancer prevention. Tobacco smoking is responsible for at least 15 different types of cancer and almost 30% of all cancer deaths. There is evidence that not only does smo­king after a cancer diagnosis pose negative effects for cancer treatment efficacy and tolerability, but quitting smoking after a cancer diagnosis has significant benefits. They include: increased survival rates and decrease overall mortality, decreased risk of another primary cancer, decreased risk of recurrence, increased tolerance to oncological treatments and increase of its efficacy, reduced pain. Quitting smoking improves quality of life too. Nicotine dependence is not only a patient’s choice and lifestyle element but a chronic and relapsing disease. Failure to undertaken nicotine dependence treatment by the centre’s staff may be treated as malpractice. Various evidence-based treatment options are available and they can, or even should, be adapted to the specificity of oncological patients

Cancer patients and smoking cessation

Abstinence from smoking is the most important element of cancer prevention. Tobacco smoking is responsible for at least 15 different types of cancer and almost 30% of all cancer deaths. There is evidence that not only does smo­king after a cancer diagnosis pose negative effects for cancer treatment efficacy and tolerability, but quitting smoking after a cancer diagnosis has significant benefits. They include: increased survival rates and decrease overall mortality, decreased risk of another primary cancer, decreased risk of recurrence, increased tolerance to oncological treatments and increase of its efficacy, reduced pain. Quitting smoking improves quality of life too. Nicotine dependence is not only a patient’s choice and lifestyle element but a chronic and relapsing disease. Failure to undertaken nicotine dependence treatment by the centre’s staff may be treated as malpractice. Various evidence-based treatment options are available and they can, or even should, be adapted to the specificity of oncological patients

Estimating of the number of cancer cases attributed to HPV infections for Poland in 2015

Introduction. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for almost all cervical cancers, for an important fraction of other anogenital cancers (anus, vulva, vagina and penis), but also for some head and neck cancer cases. Material and method. Data on cancer incidence for Poland in 2015 were taken from the database of Polish National Cancer Registry (http://onkologia.org.pl). Attributable fractions (AFs) for all HPV-associated cancer sites were derived from published study. The number of cancer cases attributable to HPV infections was calculated by multiplying the number of registered new cancer cases by the given AF for all HPV-associated cancer sites. Results. Of all newly registered cancer cases for Poland in the analysed year, 4080 were estimated to be attributable to HPV infections. The vast majority of these cases — 3300, were diagnosed in women, 780 in men. Cancer cases attributed to HPV represent 44% of all cancers related to HPV and 2.5% of all malignant neoplasms registered in Poland in 2015. Conclusions. The fraction of cancers attributable to HPV infections is highly dominated by cervical cancer. Effective control of this cancer site should combine increasing awareness of threats related to HPV infections, improving access to HPV vaccination (primary prevention) by introduction of financing from public funds, and increasing access to secondary prevention in both forms — cytological and HPV testing. Introduction of an HPV vaccination population program in Poland should be a priority in strategy of cancer control

Time trends in tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland — direct estimation method

<strong>Introduction. </strong>Since the 20th century tobacco smoking has had an enormous impact on morbidity and mortality in the adult population, and it remains the greatest single preventable health risk factor worldwide. Cancer is the se­cond leading cause of death in Poland, with lung cancer as the primary cause of cancer-related death in Polish men and women. Given these statistics, this manuscript aims to estimate tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland.<strong>Material and methods. </strong>Data on cancer mortality come from the WHO Mortality Statistics database. Data on smoking prevalence in Poland come from standardized surveys based on nationally representative samples. Data on relative risks come from the Cancer Prevention Study II. Tobacco-attributable fractions were calculated using standard me­thodology for calculating population-based attributable fractions.<strong>Results. </strong>In 2014, there were over 24 thousand tobacco-attributed cancer deaths in men. Lung cancer tops the list of ranked cancer types, with a tobacco-attributable fraction of 93%. Next is laryngeal (TAF = 90%), oropharyngeal (TAF = 86%) and esophageal (TAF = 80%) cancer. Overall, two-thirds of the considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 75%). In 2014, there were over 7.5 thousand of cancer deaths related to smoking in women. Here, both laryngeal and lung cancer (both TAF = 76%) top the ranked list. Next are esophageal (TAF = 61%) and oropharyngeal (TAF = 51%) cancers, and when combined almost half of all considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 44%).<strong>Conclusions.</strong> Tobacco smoking and tobacco-attributable cancer mortality remain one of the greatest health burdens in Poles. Each year over 30 thousand Polish men and women die of cancer caused by smoking. All these deaths could be avoided

Time trends in tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland — direct estimation method

Introduction. Since the 20th century tobacco smoking has had an enormous impact on morbidity and mortality in the adult population, and it remains the greatest single preventable health risk factor worldwide. Cancer is the se­cond leading cause of death in Poland, with lung cancer as the primary cause of cancer-related death in Polish men and women. Given these statistics, this manuscript aims to estimate tobacco-attributable cancer mortality in Poland. Material and methods. Data on cancer mortality come from the WHO Mortality Statistics database. Data on smoking prevalence in Poland come from standardized surveys based on nationally representative samples. Data on relative risks come from the Cancer Prevention Study II. Tobacco-attributable fractions were calculated using standard me­thodology for calculating population-based attributable fractions. Results. In 2014, there were over 24 thousand tobacco-attributed cancer deaths in men. Lung cancer tops the list of ranked cancer types, with a tobacco-attributable fraction of 93%. Next is laryngeal (TAF = 90%), oropharyngeal (TAF = 86%) and esophageal (TAF = 80%) cancer. Overall, two-thirds of the considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 75%). In 2014, there were over 7.5 thousand of cancer deaths related to smoking in women. Here, both laryngeal and lung cancer (both TAF = 76%) top the ranked list. Next are esophageal (TAF = 61%) and oropharyngeal (TAF = 51%) cancers, and when combined almost half of all considered cancer deaths were attributed to tobacco smoke (TAF = 44%). Conclusions. Tobacco smoking and tobacco-attributable cancer mortality remain one of the greatest health burdens in Poles. Each year over 30 thousand Polish men and women die of cancer caused by smoking. All these deaths could be avoided

Expert consensus statement on tobacco control sustainability in Poland

Introduction. Tobacco use poses a significant public health threat in Poland, with high rates of consumption and detrimental effects on individuals. Tobacco is responsible for one-third of all cancer deaths in Poland. This study aimed to develop an expert consensus statement on tobacco control sustainability in Poland. Material and methods. An expert consensus hybrid meeting was conducted, gathering national tobacco control experts from various fields. The meeting utilized the Index of Tobacco Control Sustainability (ITCS) to identify critical indicators for a sustainable national tobacco control program. Results. Key recommendations include developing a comprehensive tobacco control strategy and program, establishing inter-governmental coordination, strengthening civil society involvement, creating a dedicated Tobacco Control Unit, allocating government annual funding for tobacco control operations, and strengthening organizational resistance to tobacco industry interference. Conclusions. Poland needs to build the institutional capacity and address sustainable financial resources on an annual basis to effectively organize sustainable tobacco control

Alien Registration- Roberge, Antonio (Waterville, Kennebec County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/14697/thumbnail.jp