Mapping-based SPARQL access to a MongoDB database

Accessing legacy data as virtual RDF stores is a key issue in the building of the Web of Data. In recent years, the MongoDB database has become a leader in the NoSQL market and the management of very large datasets, making it a significant potential contributor to the Web of Linked Data. Therefore, in this paper we address the research question of how to access arbitrary MongoDB documents with SPARQL.We propose a two-step method to (i) translate a SPARQL query into a pivot abstract query under MongoDB-to-RDF mappings represented in the xR2RML language, then (ii) translate the pivot query into a concrete MongoDB query. We elaborate on the discrepancy between the expressiveness of SPARQL and the MongoDB query language, and we show that we can always come up with a rewriting that shall produce all certain answers

Towards a Semantic-based Approach for Modeling Regulatory Documents in Building Industry

Regulations in the Building Industry are becoming increasingly complex and involve more than one technical area. They cover products, components and project implementation. They also play an important role to ensure the quality of a building, and to minimize its environmental impact. In this paper, we are particularly interested in the modeling of the regulatory constraints derived from the Technical Guides issued by CSTB and used to validate Technical Assessments. We first describe our approach for modeling regulatory constraints in the SBVR language, and formalizing them in the SPARQL language. Second, we describe how we model the processes of compliance checking described in the CSTB Technical Guides. Third, we show how we implement these processes to assist industrials in drafting Technical Documents in order to acquire a Technical Assessment; a compliance report is automatically generated to explain the compliance or noncompliance of this Technical Documents

Actes des 25es journées francophones d'Ingénierie des Connaissances (IC 2014)

National audienceLes Journées Francophones d'Ingénierie des Connaissances fêtent cette année leurs 25 ans. Cette conférence est le rendez-vous annuel de la communauté française et francophone qui se retrouve pour échanger et réfléchir sur des problèmes de recherche qui se posent en acquisition, représentation et gestion des connaissances. Parmi les vingt et un articles sélectionnés pour publication et présentation à la conférence, un thème fondateur de l'ingénierie des connaissances domine : celui de la modélisation de domaines. Six articles traitent de la conception d'ontologies, trois articles de l'annotation sémantique et du peuplement d'ontologies et deux articles de l'exploitation d'ontologies dans des systèmes à base de connaissances. L'informatique médicale est le domaine d'application privilégié des travaux présentés, que l'on retrouve dans sept articles. L'ingénierie des connaissances accompagne l'essor des technologies du web sémantique, en inventant les modèles, méthodes et outils permettant l'intégration de connaissances et le raisonnement dans des systèmes à base de connaissances sur le web. Ainsi, on retrouve les thèmes de la représentation des connaissances et du raisonnement dans six articles abordant les problématiques du web de données : le liage des données, leur transformation et leur interrogation ; la représentation et la réutilisation de règles sur le web de données ; la programmation d'applications exploitant le web de données. L'essor des sciences et technologies de l'information et de la communication, et notamment des technologies du web, dans l'ensemble de la société engendre des mutations dans les pratiques individuelles et collectives. L'ingénierie des connaissances accompagne cette évolution en plaçant l'utilisateur au cœur des systèmes informatiques, pour l'assister dans le traitement de la masse de données disponibles. Quatre articles sont dédiés aux problématiques du web social : analyse de réseaux sociaux, détection de communautés, folksonomies, personnalisation de recommandations, représentation et prise en compte de points de vue dans la recherche d'information. Deux articles traitent de l'adaptation des systèmes aux utilisateurs et de l'assistance aux utilisateurs et deux autres de l'aide à la prise de décision. Le taux de sélection de cette édition de la conférence est de 50%, avec dix-neuf articles longs et deux articles courts acceptés parmi quarante-deux soumissions. S'y ajoutent une sélection de neuf posters et démonstrations parmi douze soumissions, présentés dans une session dédiée et inclus dans les actes. Enfin, une innovation de cette édition 2014 de la conférence est la programmation d'une session spéciale " Projets et Industrie ", animée par Frédérique Segond (Viseo), à laquelle participeront Laurent Pierre (EDF), Alain Berger (Ardans) et Mylène Leitzelman (Mnemotix). Trois conférencières invitées ouvriront chacune des journées de la conférence que je remercie chaleureusement de leur participation. Nathalie Aussenac-Gilles (IRIT) retracera l'évolution de l'ingénierie des connaissances en France depuis 25 ans, de la pénurie à la surabondance. A sa suite, Frédérique Segond (Viseo) abordera le problème de " l'assouvissement " de la faim de connaissances dans la nouvelle ère des connaissances dans laquelle nous sommes entrés. Enfin, Marie-Laure Mugnier (LIRMM) présentera un nouveau cadre pour l'interrogation de données basée sur une ontologie, fondé sur des règles existentielles

A Generic RDF Transformation Software and its Application to an Online Translation Service for Common Languages of Linked Data

International audienceIn this article we present a generic template and software solution for developers to support the many cases where we need to transform RDF. It relies on the SPARQL Template Transformation Language (STTL) which enables Semantic Web developers to write specific yet compact RDF transformers toward other languages and formats. We first briefly recall the STTL principles and software features. We then demonstrate the support it provides to programmers by presenting a selection of STTL-based RDF transformers for common languages. The software is available online as a Web service and all the RDF transformers presented in this paper can be tested online

Personalizing and Improving Resource Recommendation by Analyzing Users Preferences in Social Tagging Activities

Collaborative tagging which is the keystone of the social practices of web 2.0 has been highly developed in the last few years. In this paper, we propose a new method to analyze user profiles according to their tagging activity in order to improve resource recommendation. We base upon association rules which is a powerful method to discover interesting relationships among large datasets on the web. Focusing on association rules we can find correlations between tags in a social network. Our aim is to recommend resources annotated with tags suggested by association rules, in order to enrich user profiles. The effectiveness of the recommendation depends on the resolution of social tagging drawbacks. In our recommender process, we demonstrate how we can reduce tag ambiguity and spelling variations problems by taking into account social similarities calculated on folksonomies, in order to personalize resource recommendation. We surmount also the lack of semantic links between tags during the recommendation process. Experiments are carried out with two different scenarios: the first one is a proof of concept over two baseline datasets and the second one is a real world application for diabetes disease

A survey of RDB to RDF translation approaches and tools

ISRN I3S/RR 2013-04-FR 24 pagesRelational databases scattered over the web are generally opaque to regular web crawling tools. To address this concern, many RDB-to-RDF approaches have been proposed over the last years. In this paper, we propose a detailed review of seventeen RDB-to-RDF initiatives, considering end-to-end projects that delivered operational tools. The different tools are classified along three major axes: mapping description language, mapping implementation and data retrieval method. We analyse the motivations, commonalities and differences between existing approaches. The expressiveness of existing mapping languages is not always sufficient to produce semantically rich data and make it usable, interoperable and linkable. We therefore briefly present various strategies investigated in the literature to produce additional knowledge. Finally, we show that R2RML, the W3C recommendation for describing RDB to RDF mappings, may not apply to all needs in the wide scope of RDB to RDF translation applications, leaving space for future extensions

Ludo: An Ontology to Create Linked Data Driven Serious Games

International audienceGiven the increasing amount of structured data published on the Web, many possibilities are open for creating new types of games that use resources from the Web of Data. In particular, if we consider the subcategory of Serious Games in which the object of the game is to educate the user through the interactive discovery of real-life concepts (associated to Semantic Web resources), the inclusion of a semantic representation of the user profile and his contextual information becomes an important element to recommend the user more accurate concepts. This paper proposes and describes an ontology that allows the creation of Serious Games with those characteristics. The potential of the ontology is shown through two use cases: a serious, Web-based and question-based boardgame prototype and the Semantic Educloud project

KGRAM Versatile Inference and Query Engine for the Web of Linked Data

International audienceQuerying and linking distributed and heterogeneous databases is increasingly needed, as plentiful data resources are published over the Web. This work describes the design of a versatile query system named KGRAM that supports (i) multiple query languages among which the SPARQL 1.1 standard, (ii) federation of multiple heterogeneous and distributed data sources, and (iii) adaptability to various data manipulation use cases. KGRAM provides abstractions for both the query language and the data model, thus delivering unifying reasoning mechanisms. It is implemented as a modular software suite to ease architecting and deploying dedicated data manipulation platforms. Its design integrates optimization concerns to deliver high query performance. Both KGRAM's software versatility and performance are evaluated

Translation of Heterogeneous Databases into RDF, and Application to the Construction of a SKOS Taxonomical Reference

International audienceWhile the data deluge accelerates, most of the data produced remains locked in deep Web databases. For the linked open data to benefit from the potential represented by this huge amount of data, it is crucial to come up with solutions to expose heterogeneous databases as linked data. The xR2RML mapping language is an endeavor towards this goal: it is designed to map various types of databases to RDF, by flexibly adapting to heterogeneous query languages and data models while remaining free from any specific language. It extends R2RML, the W3C recommendation for the mapping of relational databases to RDF, and relies on RML for the handling of various data formats. In this paper we present xR2RML, we analyse data models of several modern databases as well as the format in which query results are returned , and we show how xR2RML translates any result data element into RDF, relying on existing languages such as XPath and JSONPath when necessary. We illustrate some features of xR2RML such as the generation of RDF collections and containers, and the ability to deal with mixed data formats. We also describe a real-world use case in which we applied xR2RML to build a SKOS thesaurus aimed at supporting studies on History of Zoology, Archaeozoology and Conservation Biology

xR2RML: Relational and Non-Relational Databases to RDF Mapping Language

This document describes xR2RML, a language for expressing customized mappings from various types of databases (XML, object-oriented, NoSQL) to RDF datasets. xR2RML flexibly adapts to heterogeneous query languages and data models while remaining free from any specific language or syntax. It extends R2RML, the W3C recommendation for the mapping of relational databases to RDF, and relies on RML for the handling of various data representation formats.Web version available at: http://i3s.unice.fr/~fmichel/xr2rml_specification_v5.htm