How to measure hospital antibiotic consumption: comparison of two methods from data surveillance in France

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic use (ABU) surveillance in healthcare facilities (HCFs) is essential to guide stewardship. Two methods are recommended: antibiotic consumption (ABC), expressed as the number of DDD/1000 patient-days; and prevalence of antibiotic prescription (ABP) measured through point prevalence surveys. However, no evidence is provided about whether they lead to similar conclusions. OBJECTIVES: To compare ABC and ABP regarding HCF ranking and their ability to identify outliers. METHODS: The comparison was made using 2012 national databases from the antibiotic surveillance network and prevalence study. HCF rankings according to each method were compared with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Analyses included the ABU from entire HCFs as well as according to type, clinical ward and by antibiotic class and specific molecule. RESULTS: A total of 1076 HCFs were included. HCF rankings were strongly correlated in the whole cohort. The correlation was stronger for HCFs with a higher number of beds or with a low or moderate proportion of acute care beds. ABU correlation between ABC or ABP was globally moderate or weak in specific wards. Furthermore, the two methods did not identify the same outliers, whichever HCF characteristics were analysed. Correlation between HCF ranking varied according to the antibiotic class. CONCLUSIONS: Both methods ranked HCFs similarly overall according to ABC or ABP; however, major differences were observed in ranking of clinical wards, antibiotic classes and detection of outliers. ABC and ABP are two markers of ABU that could be used as two complementary approaches to identify targets for improvement

Evolution of antibiotic treatments for healthcare-associated infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in France

BACKGROUND: Infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) remain a public health challenge. AIM: We traced the evolution of antibiotics prescribed for patients with ESBLE-healthcare associated infections (ESBLE-HAI) between 2012 and 2017, with a specific focus on treatments for lower urinary tract infections (LUTI). METHODS: We used the 2012 and 2017 French point prevalence survey data. Patients with ESBLE-HAI were defined as those diagnosed with at least one Enterobacteriaceae with ESBL production. Patients with LUTI caused by ESBLE (ESBLE-LUTI) were defined as those with LUTI as the reported infection site and diagnosed with ESBLE. We only analysed treatments intended for HAI. RESULTS: In 2017, more than half of treatments for ESBLE-HAIs were β-lactams. While from 2012 to 2017 the proportion of carbapenem treatments decreased from 30% to 25%, penicillin treatments doubled. Among patients treated for ESBLE-LUTI, a larger proportion received a single antibiotic in 2017. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics for these infections were amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin and ofloxacin. More than one out of six treatments lasted for more than 7 days. Carbapenem use was halved between 2012 and 2017, and decreases were likewise observed for aminoglycosides. CONCLUSION: In accordance with French recommendations, comparison of the two most recent French point prevalence surveys showed an evolution in ESBLE-HAI treatment, especially for ESBLE-LUTI. However, treatment durations remained longer than recommended. Data from the 2022 survey should provide insights on the future evolution of prescription trends

Higher third-generation cephalosporin prescription proportion is associated with lower probability of reducing carbapenem use: a nationwide retrospective study

The ongoing extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) pandemic has led to an increasing carbapenem use, requiring release of guidelines for carbapenem usage in France in late 2010. We sought to determine factors associated with changes in carbapenem use in intensive care units (ICUs), medical and surgical wards between 2009 and 2013

Legal framework of antimicrobial stewardship in hospitals (LEASH) : a European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) cross-sectional international survey

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is the cornerstone activity in the combat against antimicrobial resistance. In order to ensure sustainable deployment and development of AMS, a strategic and regulatory framework needs to be provided by national healthcare authorities. Experts from 32 European countries, Israel and Turkey were invited to participate in a cross-sectional internet-based survey from October 2016 to May 2017 on the legal framework and mandatory components (structures, activities) of AMS in hospitals, i.e. components required by legislation or regulations. We collected data from 25 countries and two regions (in countries with federal health administration). Laws regulating AMS existed in seven countries and one region. Other health ministry regulations were applicable in 13 countries and one region. National strategies and/or action plans approved by ministries of health were in place in 13 countries and one region. Conversely, five countries and one region had no regulation of AMS in hospitals. Funding for AMS in hospitals was provided in five countries and one region. Eight countries and one region reported mandatory AMS structures and activities complying with the Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR) structure, policy and practice indicators. In 10/27 cases, however, the mandatory AMS activities were not being fully carried out. The survey showed heterogeneous legal frameworks for AMS in hospitals, and in many countries it was even lacking. The situation may be critical in countries with poor control of antimicrobial use and resistance. Recent international initiatives calling on policy-makers to address the threat of antimicrobial resistance could yield improvement.peer-reviewe

Quality indicators for responsible antibiotic use in the inpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure

Background This study was conducted as part of the Driving Reinvestment in Research and Development and Responsible Antibiotic Use (DRIVE-AB) project and aimed to develop generic quality indicators (QIs) for responsible antibiotic use in the inpatient setting. Methods A RAND-modified Delphi method was applied. First, QIs were identified by a systematic review. A complementary search was performed on web sites of relevant organizations. Duplicates were removed and disease and patient-specific QIs were combined into generic indicators. The relevance of these QIs was appraised by a multidisciplinary international stakeholder panel through two questionnaires and an in-between consensus meeting. Results The systematic review retrieved 70 potential generic QIs. The QIs were appraised by 25 international stakeholders with diverse backgrounds (medical community, public health, patients, antibiotic research and development, regulators, governments). Ultimately, 51 QIs were selected in consensus. QIs with the highest relevance score included: (i) an antibiotic plan should be documented in the medical record at the start of the antibiotic treatment; (ii) the results of bacteriological susceptibility testing should be documented in the medical record; (iii) the local guidelines should correspond to the national guidelines but should be adapted based on local resistance patterns; (iv) an antibiotic stewardship programme should be in place at the healthcare facility; and (v) allergy status should be taken into account when antibiotics are prescribed. Conclusions This systematic and stepwise method combining evidence from literature and stakeholder opinion led to multidisciplinary international consensus on generic inpatient QIs that can be used globally to assess the quality of antibiotic use

Legal framework and guidance on prudent use of antibiotics : comparative analysis in twelve Member States of the European Union and impact on antibiotic use in French south western hospitals

Pour enrayer la progression des résistances bactériennes aux antibiotiques (AB), liée, en partie, à un mésusage de ces médicaments, l’Union européenne (UE) s’est mobilisée en adoptant, en 2001, une recommandation prônant un usage prudent des AB. En 2008, sous l’égide de la Commission européenne, nous avons évalué la mise en œuvre de cette recommandation et son impact dans les Etats membres, et nous avons réalisé une analyse du cadre juridique développé dans 12 de ces Etats. De plus, une étude a été conduite entre 2005 et 2009 sur 74 établissements de santé (ES) volontaires du Sud-Ouest de la France pour identifier l’impact du cadre juridique sur l’évolution des consommations d’AB. Les Etats de l’UE ont engagé un grand nombre d’actions pour rationaliser l’utilisation des AB, mais des progrès dans le champ de l’évaluation demeurent nécessaires. Il ressort de l’analyse sur 12 Etats qu’un cadre juridique plus important semble associé à une plus grande sensibilisation de la population générale et à une meilleure maîtrise de la consommation de fluoroquinolones. Dans les ES du Sud-Ouest, les politiques locales de bon usage des AB ont progressé. Une combinaison de mesures telles que la présence d’un référent « AB », l’organisation de formations et le recours à des prescriptions à durée limitée, était associée à une réduction significative de la consommation des fluoroquinolones. L’amélioration de l’utilisation des AB implique de préciser les conditions d’efficacité optimale des actions et de renforcer l’encadrement juridique dans les Etats de l’UE, notamment en matière de surveillance, d’évaluation, de moyens d’incitation, en l’adaptant aux caractéristiques nationales.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health problem worldwide. As antibiotic (AB) use is one of the drivers of AMR, the Council of the European Union adopted in 2001 a recommendation on the prudent use of antimicrobial agents. To analyze the way Member States (MS) had implemented this recommendation and to approach its efficacy, we performed a survey under the auspices of the European Commission in 2008, completed by a thorough analysis of the legal framework in twelve Member States. In addition, relationships between AB stewardship programmes (ABS) and trends in AB consumption were studied from 2005 to 2009 in 74 voluntary hospitals in Southwestern France. MS had implemented a broad range of activities to improve AB use, but differences were seen namely in evaluation systems. Further analysis in 12 MS highlighted discrepancies regarding the scope of the legal framework, incentives for its enforcement, and means of evaluation. A legal framework regarding surveillance and national organisation seemed in favor of higher citizens’ knowledge and awareness and appeared to be associated with lower increase in fluoroquinolone (FQ) use. In French hospitals, ABS had sharply improved and AB consumption remained stable when adjusted on activity. The presence of an antibiotic advisor combined with provision of training and use of prescriptions with stop-orders was associated with a significant decrease in FQ use. Progress in the use of AB could be achieved by sharing experience on best practices and by enforcing legal framework, tailored to MS organisation and epidemiology, targeting activities such as surveillance and evaluatio

Legal framework and guidance on prudent use of antibiotics : comparative analysis in twelve Member States of the European Union and impact on antibiotic use in French south western hospitals

Pour enrayer la progression des résistances bactériennes aux antibiotiques (AB), liée, en partie, à un mésusage de ces médicaments, l’Union européenne (UE) s’est mobilisée en adoptant, en 2001, une recommandation prônant un usage prudent des AB. En 2008, sous l’égide de la Commission européenne, nous avons évalué la mise en œuvre de cette recommandation et son impact dans les Etats membres, et nous avons réalisé une analyse du cadre juridique développé dans 12 de ces Etats. De plus, une étude a été conduite entre 2005 et 2009 sur 74 établissements de santé (ES) volontaires du Sud-Ouest de la France pour identifier l’impact du cadre juridique sur l’évolution des consommations d’AB. Les Etats de l’UE ont engagé un grand nombre d’actions pour rationaliser l’utilisation des AB, mais des progrès dans le champ de l’évaluation demeurent nécessaires. Il ressort de l’analyse sur 12 Etats qu’un cadre juridique plus important semble associé à une plus grande sensibilisation de la population générale et à une meilleure maîtrise de la consommation de fluoroquinolones. Dans les ES du Sud-Ouest, les politiques locales de bon usage des AB ont progressé. Une combinaison de mesures telles que la présence d’un référent « AB », l’organisation de formations et le recours à des prescriptions à durée limitée, était associée à une réduction significative de la consommation des fluoroquinolones. L’amélioration de l’utilisation des AB implique de préciser les conditions d’efficacité optimale des actions et de renforcer l’encadrement juridique dans les Etats de l’UE, notamment en matière de surveillance, d’évaluation, de moyens d’incitation, en l’adaptant aux caractéristiques nationales.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health problem worldwide. As antibiotic (AB) use is one of the drivers of AMR, the Council of the European Union adopted in 2001 a recommendation on the prudent use of antimicrobial agents. To analyze the way Member States (MS) had implemented this recommendation and to approach its efficacy, we performed a survey under the auspices of the European Commission in 2008, completed by a thorough analysis of the legal framework in twelve Member States. In addition, relationships between AB stewardship programmes (ABS) and trends in AB consumption were studied from 2005 to 2009 in 74 voluntary hospitals in Southwestern France. MS had implemented a broad range of activities to improve AB use, but differences were seen namely in evaluation systems. Further analysis in 12 MS highlighted discrepancies regarding the scope of the legal framework, incentives for its enforcement, and means of evaluation. A legal framework regarding surveillance and national organisation seemed in favor of higher citizens’ knowledge and awareness and appeared to be associated with lower increase in fluoroquinolone (FQ) use. In French hospitals, ABS had sharply improved and AB consumption remained stable when adjusted on activity. The presence of an antibiotic advisor combined with provision of training and use of prescriptions with stop-orders was associated with a significant decrease in FQ use. Progress in the use of AB could be achieved by sharing experience on best practices and by enforcing legal framework, tailored to MS organisation and epidemiology, targeting activities such as surveillance and evaluatio

Cadre juridique du bon usage des antibiotiques (analyse comparative dans 12 Etats de l'Union européenne et étude de l'impact sur l'utilisation des antibiotiques dans des établissements de santé du Sud-Ouest de la France)

Pour enrayer la progression des résistances bactériennes aux antibiotiques (AB), liée, en partie, à un mésusage de ces médicaments, l Union européenne (UE) s est mobilisée en adoptant, en 2001, une recommandation prônant un usage prudent des AB. En 2008, sous l égide de la Commission européenne, nous avons évalué la mise en œuvre de cette recommandation et son impact dans les Etats membres, et nous avons réalisé une analyse du cadre juridique développé dans 12 de ces Etats. De plus, une étude a été conduite entre 2005 et 2009 sur 74 établissements de santé (ES) volontaires du Sud-Ouest de la France pour identifier l impact du cadre juridique sur l évolution des consommations d AB. Les Etats de l UE ont engagé un grand nombre d actions pour rationaliser l utilisation des AB, mais des progrès dans le champ de l évaluation demeurent nécessaires. Il ressort de l analyse sur 12 Etats qu un cadre juridique plus important semble associé à une plus grande sensibilisation de la population générale et à une meilleure maîtrise de la consommation de fluoroquinolones. Dans les ES du Sud-Ouest, les politiques locales de bon usage des AB ont progressé. Une combinaison de mesures telles que la présence d un référent AB , l organisation de formations et le recours à des prescriptions à durée limitée, était associée à une réduction significative de la consommation des fluoroquinolones. L amélioration de l utilisation des AB implique de préciser les conditions d efficacité optimale des actions et de renforcer l encadrement juridique dans les Etats de l UE, notamment en matière de surveillance, d évaluation, de moyens d incitation, en l adaptant aux caractéristiques nationales.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health problem worldwide. As antibiotic (AB) use is one of the drivers of AMR, the Council of the European Union adopted in 2001 a recommendation on the prudent use of antimicrobial agents. To analyze the way Member States (MS) had implemented this recommendation and to approach its efficacy, we performed a survey under the auspices of the European Commission in 2008, completed by a thorough analysis of the legal framework in twelve Member States. In addition, relationships between AB stewardship programmes (ABS) and trends in AB consumption were studied from 2005 to 2009 in 74 voluntary hospitals in Southwestern France. MS had implemented a broad range of activities to improve AB use, but differences were seen namely in evaluation systems. Further analysis in 12 MS highlighted discrepancies regarding the scope of the legal framework, incentives for its enforcement, and means of evaluation. A legal framework regarding surveillance and national organisation seemed in favor of higher citizens knowledge and awareness and appeared to be associated with lower increase in fluoroquinolone (FQ) use. In French hospitals, ABS had sharply improved and AB consumption remained stable when adjusted on activity. The presence of an antibiotic advisor combined with provision of training and use of prescriptions with stop-orders was associated with a significant decrease in FQ use. Progress in the use of AB could be achieved by sharing experience on best practices and by enforcing legal framework, tailored to MS organisation and epidemiology, targeting activities such as surveillance and evaluationBORDEAUX2-Bib. électronique (335229905) / SudocSudocFranceF

Bon usage des antibiotiques (outils et méthodes d'évaluation de la qualité des prescriptions dans les établissements de santé. Proposition d'une étude multicentrique)

BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF