54 research outputs found
PILOT STUDY ON CAUDAL VENA CAVA SIZE BY FAST ULTRASONOGRAPHY THROUGH DIFFERENT VIEWS IN HEALTHY CALVES.
peer reviewe
An obstructive upper respiratory emergency in a pregnant Belgian blue heifer
peer reviewedIn this case report, the surgical intervention and aftercare are described of an upper airway obstruction in a two-and-a-half year old, seven-months pregnant Belgian blue heifer. The animal had been referred to the Clinic for Ruminants (University of Liège) for complaints of stridor and dyspnea and suffered from necrotic laryngitis, complicated by the formation of an obstructive granuloma. Emergency tracheotomy was performed to save the life of the cow and its calf. Through the use of a self-retaining cannula, the modified tracheotomy site could be kept patent until the calf was born and the pathology resolved two months after admission. Healing of the larynx was checked and documented by use of nasal and retro-tracheal endoscopy
Ultrasonographical Assessment of Caudal Vena Cava Size through Different Views in Healthy Calves: A Pilot Study
peer reviewedUltrasonographic measurements of the caudal vena cava (CVC) and aorta (Ao) are known as reliable tools to assess intravascular volume status in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of obtaining ultrasonographical measurements of CVC and Ao in two different views, assess intra- and interobserver variability, and study the effect of sex, age, body weight, and breed on measurements in healthy calves. The diameter and area of CVC and Ao were measured by a single investigator in two anatomic sites (subxiphoid and paralumbar window) in 48 calves aged less than 60 days and then repeated 2.5 months after the first assessment. For intra- and interobserver variability assessment, CVC and Ao measurements were repeated by three observers on five randomly selected calves. CVC and Ao measurements were easily obtained in PV and more difficult to obtain in SV. CVC and Ao area in PV showed high repeatability and reproducibility. A positive correlation was highlighted between age and CVC and Ao measurements in both sites. In conclusion, CVC size assessment by point of care ultrasound can be easily performed at a paralumbar site in calves under 4 months of age and could be used to assess intravascular volume status
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Several Bacteria Species Identified in the Peritoneal Exudate of Cows Affected by Parietal Fibrinous Peritonitis after Caesarean Section
peer reviewedAbstract: The aim of this study was to identify the species and antimicrobial susceptibility of
bacteria involved in parietal fibrinous peritonitis (PFP).We studied 156 peritoneal fluid samples from
cows presenting PFP after caesarean section. Bacteria were cultured in selective media and their
antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disk diffusion assay. Bacteria were isolated in the majority
(129/156; 83%) of samples. The majority (82/129; 63%) of positive samples contained one dominant
species, while two or more species were cultured in 47/129 (36%) samples. Trueperella pyogenes (T.
Pyogenes) (107 strains) was the most identified species, followed by Escherichia coli (E. coli) (38 strains),
Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) (6 strains), and Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) (6 strains). Several
other species were sporadically identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested in 59/185 strains,
predominantly E. coli (38 strains) and P. mirabilis (6 strains). Antibiotic resistance, including resistance
to molecules of critical importance, was commonly observed; strains were classified as weakly drug
resistant (22/59; 37%), multidrug resistant (24/59; 41%), extensively drug resistant (12/59; 20%), or
pan-drug resistant (1/59; 2%). In conclusion, extensive antibiotic resistance in the isolated germs
might contribute to treatment failure. Ideally, antimicrobial therapy of PFP should be based upon
bacterial culture and susceptibility testing
Blood Inflammatory, Hydro-Electrolytes and Acid-Base Changes in Belgian Blue Cows Developing Parietal Fibrinous Peritonitis or Generalised Peritonitis after Caesarean Section
peer reviewedThis study aimed to describe the inflammation, hydro-electrolyte and acid-base imbalances caused by generalised peritonitis (GP) and parietal fibrinous peritonitis (PFP) after caesarean section. After clinical examination, blood was sampled from 11 cows with PFP, 30 with GP and 14 healthy cows. Serum and plasma refractometry and glutaraldehyde tests were used to evaluate the inflammation level, while hydro-electrolytes and acid-base parameters were assessed using an EPOC® device. In addition to clinical signs of dehydration (>10%), blood analysis showed a high fibrinogen concentration (PFP: 8.64 ± 8.82 g/L; GP: 7.83 ± 2.45 g/L) and fast glutaraldehyde coagulation (<3 min) indicative of severe inflammation in both diseases compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, a severe decrease in electrolytes concentration (Na+: 126.93 ± 5.79 mmol/L; K+: 3.7 ± 1.3 mmol/L; Ca++: 0.89 ± 0.12 mmol/L; Cl−: 82.38 ± 6.45 mmol/L) and a significant increase in bicarbonate (30.87 ± 8.16 mmol/L), base excess (5.71 ± 7.42 mmol/l), L-lactate (8.1 ± 4.85 mmol/L) and creatinine (3.53 ± 2.30 mg/dL) were observed in cows with GP compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast, few major perturbations were noticed in PFP, where only K+ (3.64 ± 0.25 mmol/L) and Ca++ (1.06 ± 0.09 mmol/L) were significantly modified (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a high dehydration and severe inflammation are induced by PFP and GP. Nevertheless, GP causes more electrolytes and acid-base disturbances than PFP
Acute respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn: from individual to herd case
peer reviewedLe syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë
des veaux nouveau-nés est parfois sous-estimé
dans les exploitations ; ces veaux présentant
une sévère tachycardie-tachypnée étant
trop rapidement classés dans les « veaux cardiaques
». Or l’origine carentielle de ce syndrome
en fait un signal d’alerte important
pour le praticien. Cet exposé illustre, dans
une première partie, la symptomatologie et
les traitements envisageables. Dans la deuxième
partie la partie immergée de l’iceberg
sera présentée : la pathogénie du syndrome
et sa double origine carentielle, Iode et Sélénium,
en insistant sur l’importance de la
forme organique dans la complémentation
en Sélénium
- …