CSF neopterin level as a diagnostic marker in primary central nervous system lymphoma

Background The diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) can be challenging. PCNSL lesions are frequently located deep within the brain, and performing a cerebral biopsy is not always feasible. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of CSF neopterin, a marker of neuroinflammation, in immunocompetent patients with suspected PCNSL. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics of 124 patients with brain tumor (n = 82) or an inflammatory CNS disorder (n = 42) in whom CSF neopterin levels were assessed. Twenty-eight patients had PCNSL, 54 patients had another type of brain tumor (glioma n = 36, metastasis n = 13, other n = 5), and 13 patients had a pseudotumoral inflammatory brain lesion. Results CSF neopterin levels were significantly higher in the patients with PCNSL than in those with other brain tumors (41.8 vs 5.1 nmol/L, P < .001), those with pseudotumoral inflammatory brain lesions (41.8 vs 4.3 nmol/L, P < .001), and those with nontumefactive inflammatory CNS disorders (41.8 vs 3.8 nmol/L, P < .001). In the 95 patients with space-occupying brain lesions, at a cutoff of 10 nmol/L, the sensitivity of this approach was 96% and the specificity was 93% for the diagnosis of PCNSL. The positive and negative predictive values were 84% and 98%, respectively. Conclusion Assessing CSF neopterin levels in patients with a suspected brain tumor might be helpful for the positive and differential diagnosis of PCNSL. A prospective study is warranted to confirm these result

Syndrome dépressif et encéphalite limbique : à propos d’un cas

International audienceLimbic encephalitis is frequently a paraneoplasic disorder. The symptoms are both neurologic and psychiatric such as loss of memory, seizure and depression. We present the case of a sixty years old man in which severe depression, personal and familial history of mood disorders coexists with limbic encephalitis without any neoplasic disorder. In this case, we discuss hypothesis of links between his depression and his limbic encephaliti

Polyradiculonévrite chronique démyélinisante et cancer solide

PARIS6-Bibl.Pitié-Salpêtrie (751132101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Supervision of low-grade gliomas with multiparametric MR imaging: research of radiologic indicators of malignancy transformation

articleWe assessed the contribution of diffusion, perfusion and spectroscopy imaging for the diagnosis and follow-up of intraaxial tumors, suspected to be grade II gliomas. Twenty-four patients were included from April 2005 to July 2006, 17 initially and seven during their follow-up. The diagnosis was reconsidered in a first group of six patients: a high-grade tumor was suspected and confirmed in five. These patients presented a lipid peak; the perfusion results and the CHO/Cr and CHO/NAA ratios were not pathological. The second group included patients with grade II gliomas: these 18 patients had a radiographic work-up, initially, then at three months and every six months. For this group, no evidence of a change of grade were observed. Abnormal findings were noted in seven patients: among these patients, one developed radiographic progression, one other had radiographic progression associated with a spectroscopy lipid peak; only spectroscopy changes were noted in the third patient; the last patient had radiographic progression with perfusion and spectroscopy abnormalities; these four patients were treated. These observations suggest that diffusion, perfusion and spectroscopy can provide supplementary information for diagnosis and follow-up of glial tumors. The presence of a lipid peak is of particular value. The limitations of this work must also be taken into consideration: the follow-up was too short for slow-growing gliomas; the population was small and patients may have undergone surgery during the study, leading to structural modifications which may have compromised comparisons. This work should be continued with new examinations every six months and inclusion of new patients

Management of glioblastoma : comparison of clinical practices and cost-effectiveness in two cohorts of patients (2008 versus 2004) diagnosed in a French university hospital

What is known and objective Therapeutic options for the management of glioblastoma (GBM) have greatly evolved over the last decade with the emergence of new regimens combining radiotherapy plus temozolomide and the use of bevacizumab at recurrence. Our aim was to assess the clinical and economic impacts of those novel strategies in our center. Methods A single-center retrospective chart review was conducted on patients newly diagnosed with a GBM over two periods (year 2004, group 1 or year 2008, group 2) with limitations to those eligible to radiotherapy after initial diagnosis. The type of medical management was described and compared, as well as overall survival and total costs from diagnosis to death or the last follow-up date. Cost analysis was performed under the French Sickness Fund perspective using tariffs from 2012. Results One hundred twenty-two patients were selected (49 in group 1 and 73 in group 2) with similar baseline characteristics within the two groups. Patients from group 2 received more frequently temozolomide radiochemotherapy (71% vs. 39%, P < 0·05) as first-line treatment as well as bevacizumab regimen at recurrence (48% vs. 6%, P < 0·05); the median overall survival was increased between the two periods (respectively 17 vs. 10 months, P < 0·05). The mean total cost per patient was 54 388 € in group 1 and 71 148 € in group 2 (P < 0·05). Hospital care represented the largest expenditure (76% and 58% in groups 1 and 2 respectively) followed by chemotherapy drugs costs (11% and 30% respectively). The total cost difference between the two groups was explained by the increasing use of temozolomide and bevacizumab. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated at 54 355 € per life-year gained. What is new and conclusion As far as we know, this is the first study reporting the total cost of GBM management based on the French perspective, as well as the cost-effectiveness of clinical practices in term of cost per life-year gained. Those novel strategies have contributed to improve overall survival while inducing a substantial, but acceptable, increase of total costs

Current trends in the management of glioblastoma in a French University Hospital and associated direct costs

What is new and objectives Trends in the care of glioblastoma in actual practice settings are poorly described. In a previous pharmacoepidemiologic study, we highlighted changes in the management of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) newly diagnosed between 2004 and 2008. Our aim was to complete and to extend the previous report with a study of a cohort of patients diagnosed in 2011 to emphasize the trends in the pharmacotherapy of GBM over the last decade. Methods A single-centre study was undertaken of three historic cohorts of GBM patients newly diagnosed during years 2004, 2008 and 2011 (corresponding to groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) but limited to patients eligible for radiotherapy after initial diagnosis. The type of medical management was described and compared, as well as overall survival and total cost from diagnosis to death or the last follow-up date. Cost analysis was performed from the French sickness fund perspective using tariffs from 2014. Results Two hundred and seventeen patients (49 in Group 1, 73 in Group 2, 95 in Group 3) were selected with similar baseline characteristics. Fluorescence-guided surgery using 5-ALA was increasingly used over the three periods. There was a strong trend towards broader use of temozolomide radiochemotherapy (39%, 73% and 83% of patients, respectively) as first-line treatment as well as bevacizumab regimen at recurrence (6%, 48% and 58% of patients, respectively). The increase in overall survival between Group 2 and Group 1 was confirmed for patients in Group 3 (17·5 months vs. 10 months in Group 1). The mean total cost per patient was 53368 € in Group 1, 70 201 € in Group 2 and 78355 € in Group 3. Hospital care represented the largest expenditure (75%, 59% and 60% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) followed by chemotherapy drug costs (11%, 30% and 29%, respectively). What is new and conclusion This is the first study to report on changes in the management of GBM in real-life practice. The ten-year study indicates an improvement in overall survival but also an increase in total cost of care. The data should be useful for informing the care of GBM patients in settings similar to ours