25,733 research outputs found
Rippled Cosmological Dark Matter from Damped Oscillating Newton Constant
Let the reciprocal Newton 'constant' be an apparently non-dynamical
Brans-Dicke scalar field damped oscillating towards its General Relativistic
VEV. We show, without introducing additional matter fields or dust, that the
corresponding cosmological evolution averagely resembles, in the Jordan frame,
the familiar dark radiation -> dark matter -> dark energy domination sequence.
The fingerprints of our theory are fine ripples, hopefully testable, in the FRW
scale factor; they die away at the General Relativity limit. The possibility
that the Brans-Dicke scalar also serves as the inflaton is favorably examined.Comment: RevTex4, 12 pages, 5 figures; Minor revision, References adde
Soil and plant analysis for mineral deficiencies
Soil and plant analysis (testing) has its supporters and its critics. Some of the differences are resolved if the distinction is made between the concept and the practice. Most people would agree with the concept of soil and plant analysis but the practice, or service offered, in any agricultural situation can be subject to valid criticism.
This article defines some of the principles involved and illustrates some of the problems, to provide a better understanding of the usefulness and the limitations of soil and plant analysis as a diagnostic aid in plant and animal nutrition
Results of Field Experiments 1970
1. 70M17 The effects of Cultivation on Soil Nitrogen and Wheat Production 2. 69N11 and 69ES30 Soil Nitrogen Build-up under Various Legumes at Different Plant Densities 3. 7ON021 (R.N. Glencross) Rates of Copper and Zinc on Daliak Sub. Clover
Fertility Build-Up in Wheatbelt Soils
Areas of loamy sand from Wongan Hills Research Station, which had carried subterranean clover for varying numbers of years, were sampled at five depth intervals to 60 cm. Wheat yield and a range of soil properties were related to numbers of years under subterranean clover. (W56H
Integrability of the N-body problem in (2+1)-AdS gravity
We derive a first order formalism for solving the scattering of point sources
in (2+1) gravity with negative cosmological constant. We show that their
physical motion can be mapped, with a polydromic coordinate transformation, to
a trivial motion, in such a way that the point sources move as time-like
geodesics (in the case of particles) or as space-like geodesics (in the case of
BTZ black holes) of a three-dimensional hypersurface immersed in a
four-dimensional Minkowskian space-time, and that the two-body dynamics is
solved by two invariant masses, whose difference is simply related to the total
angular momentum of the system.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX, no figure
Energy-Momentum Restrictions on the Creation of Gott Time Machines
The discovery by Gott of a remarkably simple spacetime with closed timelike
curves (CTC's) provides a tool for investigating how the creation of time
machines is prevented in classical general relativity. The Gott spacetime
contains two infinitely long, parallel cosmic strings, which can equivalently
be viewed as point masses in (2+1)-dimensional gravity. We examine the
possibility of building such a time machine in an open universe. Specifically,
we consider initial data specified on an edgeless, noncompact, spacelike
hypersurface, for which the total momentum is timelike (i.e., not the momentum
of a Gott spacetime). In contrast to the case of a closed universe (in which
Gott pairs, although not CTC's, can be produced from the decay of stationary
particles), we find that there is never enough energy for a Gott-like time
machine to evolve from the specified data; it is impossible to accelerate two
particles to sufficiently high velocity. Thus, the no-CTC theorems of Tipler
and Hawking are enforced in an open (2+1)-dimensional universe by a mechanism
different from that which operates in a closed universe. In proving our result,
we develop a simple method to understand the inequalities that restrict the
result of combining momenta in (2+1)-dimensional gravity.Comment: Plain TeX, 41 pages incl. 9 figures. MIT-CTP #225
Determination of cosmological parameters: an introduction for non-specialists
I start by defining the cosmological parameters and
. Then I show how the age of the universe depends on them,
followed by the evolution of the scale parameter of the universe for various
values of the density parameters. Then I define strategies for measuring them,
and show the results for the recent determination of these parameters from
measurements on supernovas of type 1a. Implications for particle physics is
briefly discussed at the end.Comment: 12 pages, Latex with epsf.sty. Invited talk at the ``Discussion
meeting on Recent Developments in Neutrino Physics'', held at the Physical
Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, February 2--4, 199
A symmetry for vanishing cosmological constant
Two different realizations of a symmetry principle that impose a zero
cosmological constant in an extra-dimensional set-up are studied. The symmetry
is identified by multiplication of the metric by minus one. In the first
realization of the symmetry this is provided by a symmetry transformation that
multiplies the coordinates by the imaginary number i. In the second realization
this is accomplished by a symmetry transformation that multiplies the metric
tensor by minus one. In both realizations of the symmetry the requirement of
the invariance of the gravitational action under the symmetry selects out the
dimensions given by D = 2(2n+1), n=0,1,2,... and forbids a bulk cosmological
constant. Another attractive aspect of the symmetry is that it seems to be more
promising for quantization when compared to the usual scale symmetry. The
second realization of the symmetry is more attractive in that it is posible to
make a possible brane cosmological constant zero in a simple way by using the
same symmetry, and the symmetry may be identified by reflection symmetry in
extra dimensions.Comment: Talk in the conference IRGAC 2006, 2nd International Conference on
Quantum Theories and Renormalization Group in Gravity and Cosmology,
Barcelon
Representing older people: towards meaningful images of the user in design scenarios
Designing for older people requires the consideration of a range of difficult and sometimes highly personal design problems. Issues such as fear, loneliness, dependency, and physical decline may be difficult to observe or discuss in interviews. Pastiche scenarios and pastiche personae are techniques that employ characters to create a space for the discussion of new technological developments and as a means to explore user experience. This paper argues that the use of such characters can help to overcome restrictive notions of older people by disrupting designers' prior assumptions.
In this paper, we reflect on our experiences using pastiche techniques in two separate technology design projects that sought to address the needs of older people. In the first case pastiche scenarios were developed by the designers of the system and used as discussion documents with users. In the second case, pastiche personae were used by groups of users themselves to generate scenarios which were scribed for later use by the design team. We explore how the use of fictional characters and settings can generate new ideas and undermine rhetorical devices within scenarios that attempt to fit characters to the technology, rather than vice versa.
To assist in future development of pastiche techniques in designing for older people, we provide an array of fictional older characters drawn from literary and popular culture.</p
Hawking radiation, Unruh radiation and the equivalence principle
We compare the response function of an Unruh-DeWitt detector for different
space-times and different vacua and show that there is a {\it detailed}
violation of the equivalence principle. In particular comparing the response of
an accelerating detector to a detector at rest in a Schwarzschild space-time we
find that both detectors register thermal radiation, but for a given,
equivalent acceleration the fixed detector in the Schwarzschild space-time
measures a higher temperature. This allows one to locally distinguish the two
cases. As one approaches the horizon the two temperatures have the same limit
so that the equivalence principle is restored at the horizon.Comment: 9 pages. Added references and added discussion. To be published in
PR
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