7 research outputs found
Effect of DonJoy Ankle Ligament Protector and Aircast Sport-Stirrup Orthoses on Functional Performance
Comparison of DonJoy Ankle Ligament Protector and Subtalar Sling Ankle Taping in Restricting Foot and Ankle Motion Before and After Exercise
Five decades on: Use of historical weaning size data reveals that a decrease in maternal foraging success underpins the long-term decline in population of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina)
The organic carbon dynamics of a moorland catchment in N. W. England
The carbon cycle was quantified in the catchment of Doe House Gill, which drains high-relief moorland, with thin organic-rich soils (leptosols and podzols) 10â25 cm deep, in northern England. The soil C pool of 8,300 g m-2 is due mainly to humic acid and older humin. If steady state is assumed, and a single soil C pool, the average 14C content of the whole soil (93% modern) yields a mean carbon residence time of 800 years, although this varied from 300 to 1,600 years in the four samples studied. Stream water fluxes of dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC, POC) were 2.5 and 0.4 g mâ2 aâ1 respectively in 2002â2003, lower than values for some other upland streams in the UK. The C pool, flux, and isotope data were used, with the assumption of steady state, to calibrate DyDOC, a model that simulates the soil carbon cycle, including the generation and transport of DOC. According to DyDOC, the litter pool (ca. 100 gC mâ2) turns over quickly, and most (>90%) of the litter carbon is rapidly mineralised. The soil is calculated to gain only 16 gC mâ2 aâ1, and to lose the same amount, about 80% as CO2 and 20% as DOC. From the DO14C content of 107.5% modern (due to âbomb carbonâ) the model could be calibrated by assuming all DOC to come directly from litter, but DOC is more likely a mixture, derived from more than one soil C pool. The seasonal variability exhibited by stream water DOC concentration (maximum in September, minimum in January) is attributed mainly to variations in rainfall and evapotranspiration, rather than in the metabolic production rate of âpotential DOCâ. The model predicts that, for a Q 10 of 2, the total soil organic C pool would decrease by about 5% if subjected to warming over 200 years. DyDOC predicts higher DOC fluxes in response to increased litter inputs or warming, and can simulate changes in DOC flux due to variations in sorption to soil solids, that might occur due to acidification and its reversal