Dosimetría por Monte Carlo de una fuente HDR-BT y un aplicador de braquiterapia de dirección modulada (DMBT)

High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (HDR-BT) treatments have shown good results in patients with cervical cancer, however, a control in dose distribution can decrease the dose deposited in organs risk (OR), providing the patient with a pleasant quality of life. The objective of this thesis is to design two appropriate devices to modulate and therefore have control of the dose distribution by an HDR-BT source. For the development of the work, Monte Carlo simulations were carried out under the same calculation conditions, using the MCNP6.2 code. In accordance with the TG-43 protocol of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), a simulation was evaluated where the GammaMed Plus HDR source was placed inside a 15 cm spherical water phantom and found that the radial dose function and anisotropy function data are in good agreement with the data reported in other works, with a deviation within ± 2% for a radial distance of 1 cm from the source. Following the work of Safigholi et al., two lead intrauterine catheters with four and six guides on the periphery were designed and simulations were carried out where the source was inside one of the guides and a 15 cm spherical water dummy. When comparing the absorbed dose results with respect to those obtained from the source simulation, a decrease of 32% was found for the 4-guide probe and 25% for the 6-guide probe, according to the designs. proposed. A third comparison was made between the simulated source and the source inside a conventional stainless steel intrauterine catheter and found a 2% decrease in absorbed dose. These comparisons take into account the absorbed dose at a radial distance of 1 cm from the center of the source, since for larger distances the dose error was greater than 10%. The results show that, due to their shielding and design, the proposed four and six guide probes promise to be functional for modulating the dose distribution of an HDR-BT source without discarding the mechanism of a conventional probe. However, the two-dimensional evaluation carried out in this work was not enough to ensure the efficiency of the probes.Los tratamientos de Braquiterapia de Alta Tasa de Dosis (HDR-BT por sus siglas en inglés) han mostrado buenos resultados en pacientes con cáncer cervicouterino (CaCu), sin embargo, un control en la distribución de dosis puede disminuir considerablemente la dosis depositada a órganos de riesgo (OR), brindándole a la paciente una calidad de vida grata. El objetivo de esta tesis es diseñar dos dispositivos apropiados para modular y por ende tener un control de la distribución de dosis generada por una fuente de HDR-BT. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se realizaron simulaciones por Monte Carlo en iguales condiciones de cálculo, haciendo uso del código MCNP6.2. Conforme con el protocolo TG-43 de la Asociación Americana de Físicos en Medicina (AAPM por sus siglas en inglés), se evaluó una simulación en donde se tuviera la fuente GammaMed Plus HDR dentro de un maniquí esférico de agua de 15 cm y se encontró que los datos de la función radial de dosis y la función de anisotropía están en buen de acuerdo con los datos reportados en otros trabajos, con un desvió dentro del ± 2 % para una distancia radial de 1 cm de la fuente. Siguiendo el trabajo de Safigholi et al., se diseñaron dos sondas intrauterinas de plomo con cuatro y seis guías en la periferia y se realizaron simulaciones en donde se tuviera la fuente dentro de una de las guías y de un maniquí esférico de agua de 15 cm. Al comparar los resultados de dosis absorbida con respectos a los obtenidos de la simulación de la fuente, se encontró una disminución del 32 %, para la sonda de 4 guías, y 25 %, para la sonda de 6 guías, de acuerdo con los diseños propuestos. Una tercera comparación se realizó entre la simulación de la fuente y la fuente dentro de una sonda intrauterina convencional de acero inoxidable y se encontró una disminución de dosis absorbida del 2 %. Estas comparaciones toman en cuenta la dosis absorbida a una distancia radial de 1 cm del centro de la fuente, ya que para distancias más grandes el error en la dosis era mayor al 10%. Los resultados muestran que, debido a su blindaje y diseño, las sondas de cuatro y seis guías propuestas prometen ser funcionales para la modulación de la distribución de dosis de una fuente de HDR-BT sin desechar el mecanismo de una sonda convencional. Sin embargo, la evaluación bidimensional realizado en este trabajo no fue suficiente para asegurar la eficiencia de las sondas

Quality Management System and Quality Assurance Programs in Radiotherapy in the Light of Regulations Applicable in México

Radiotherapy Quality Management Systems (qms) and Quality Assurance (qa) Programs have been proposed as an effective tool to ensure consistency between medical prescription and safe delivery of treatment to patients with minimal exposure to staff. In recent years in Mexico, there has been an increase in the acquisition of modern medical linear accelerators for the delivery of highly sophisticated radiotherapy treatments with specific qa requirements.This makes it necessary to review the current regulatory framework on Quality Management, to know if regulatory requirements are sufficient for the establishment, implementation and development of Comprehensive Quality Systems (qs) in radiotherapy centres. The objective of this work is to review the current national regulations in radiotherapy qms, in particular those referring to standard procedures, human and physical infrastructure, and the implementation of qs in the practice of health care institutions. Results show a first approach to the implementation of quality management systems and quality assurance programs in radiotherapy centres

Quality Management System and Quality Assurance Programs in Radiotherapy in the Light of Regulations Applicable in México

Radiotherapy Quality Management Systems (qms) and Quality Assurance (qa) Programs have been proposed as an effective tool to ensure consistency between medical prescription and safe delivery of treatment to patients with minimal exposure to staff. In recent years in Mexico, there has been an increase in the acquisition of modern medical linear accelerators for the delivery of highly sophisticated radiotherapy treatments with specific qa requirements.This makes it necessary to review the current regulatory framework on Quality Management, to know if regulatory requirements are sufficient for the establishment, implementation and development of Comprehensive Quality Systems (qs) in radiotherapy centres. The objective of this work is to review the current national regulations in radiotherapy qms, in particular those referring to standard procedures, human and physical infrastructure, and the implementation of qs in the practice of health care institutions. Results show a first approach to the implementation of quality management systems and quality assurance programs in radiotherapy centres

Dosimetry of translational technique for total body irradiation with electrons in Alderson anthropomorphic phantom, for the treatment of mycosis fungoides

Total skin electron irradiation (tsei) is one of the most widely used techniques in the treatment of mycosis fungoides (mf). The objective of this work is to carry out the dosimetric characterization of the translational method using a mobile platform at constant speed for tsei, being a longitudinal prospective study design, making use of descriptive statistics with a quantitative approach. The dosimetric and geometric characteristics were established according to the Varian 21 iX linear accelerator for clinical use, treatment method and conditions of the translational platform (tp) with two degrees of freedom (speed and height), using a 1 cm thick lucite, thus degrading the energy and obtaining the maximum dose at a depth of 4.8 mm and a photon contamination of 0.74%, which are within the parameters established by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (aapm) in report No. 23.1 In Mexico, the translational technique with tsei has not been implemented for mf cancer procedures, and due to the physical limitations of the patients, there is no homogeneous dose distribution on the skin surface with the Stanford and rotational techniqu

Dosimetry of translational technique for total body irradiation with electrons in Alderson anthropomorphic phantom, for the treatment of mycosis fungoides

Total skin electron irradiation (tsei) is one of the most widely used techniques in the treatment of mycosis fungoides (mf). The objective of this work is to carry out the dosimetric characterization of the translational method using a mobile platform at constant speed for tsei, being a longitudinal prospective study design, making use of descriptive statistics with a quantitative approach. The dosimetric and geometric characteristics were established according to the Varian 21 iX linear accelerator for clinical use, treatment method and conditions of the translational platform (tp) with two degrees of freedom (speed and height), using a 1 cm thick lucite, thus degrading the energy and obtaining the maximum dose at a depth of 4.8 mm and a photon contamination of 0.74%, which are within the parameters established by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (aapm) in report No. 23.1 In Mexico, the translational technique with tsei has not been implemented for mf cancer procedures, and due to the physical limitations of the patients, there is no homogeneous dose distribution on the skin surface with the Stanford and rotational techniqu

5to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

El V Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2019, realizado del 6 al 8 de febrero de 2019 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, ofreció a la comunidad académica nacional e internacional una plataforma de comunicación unificada, dirigida a cubrir los problemas teóricos y prácticos de mayor impacto en la sociedad moderna desde la ingeniería. En esta edición, dedicada a los 25 años de vida de la UPS, los ejes temáticos estuvieron relacionados con la aplicación de la ciencia, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en cinco pilares fundamentales de nuestra sociedad: la industria, la movilidad, la sostenibilidad ambiental, la información y las telecomunicaciones. El comité científico estuvo conformado formado por 48 investigadores procedentes de diez países: España, Reino Unido, Italia, Bélgica, México, Venezuela, Colombia, Brasil, Estados Unidos y Ecuador. Fueron recibidas un centenar de contribuciones, de las cuales 39 fueron aprobadas en forma de ponencias y 15 en formato poster. Estas contribuciones fueron presentadas de forma oral ante toda la comunidad académica que se dio cita en el Congreso, quienes desde el aula magna, el auditorio y la sala de usos múltiples de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, cumplieron respetuosamente la responsabilidad de representar a toda la sociedad en la revisión, aceptación y validación del conocimiento nuevo que fue presentado en cada exposición por los investigadores. Paralelo a las sesiones técnicas, el Congreso contó con espacios de presentación de posters científicos y cinco workshops en temáticas de vanguardia que cautivaron la atención de nuestros docentes y estudiantes. También en el marco del evento se impartieron un total de ocho conferencias magistrales en temas tan actuales como la gestión del conocimiento en la universidad-ecosistema, los retos y oportunidades de la industria 4.0, los avances de la investigación básica y aplicada en mecatrónica para el estudio de robots de nueva generación, la optimización en ingeniería con técnicas multi-objetivo, el desarrollo de las redes avanzadas en Latinoamérica y los mundos, la contaminación del aire debido al tránsito vehicular, el radón y los riesgos que representa este gas radiactivo para la salud humana, entre otros

Estudios en Historia Moderna desde una visión Atlántica. Libro homenaje a la trayectoria de la profesora María Inés Carzolio

Fil: Tarragó, Griselda Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Historia; Argentina.Fil: Gentinetta, Martín. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Historia; Argentina.Este libro homenaje se formula como un diálogo abierto entre grupos de investigación europeos y americanos sobre problemáticas referidas a una visión Atlántica de la proyección de los Imperios Ibéricos en la Edad Moderna. Los ejes convocantes son aquellos que a lo largo de su dilatada trayectoria en la investigación histórica ha desarrollado y publicado la Dra. María Inés Carzolio, tanto en Argentina como en el extranjero: Las raíces medievales de la Europa Moderna, las monarquías del Antiguo Régimen, la organización del espacio social y los agentes sociales en la modernidad, cuestiones sobre creencias y religiosidad, estudios urbanos y, finalmente, problemáticas en torno al campo discursivo y cultural.http://www.libros.fahce.unlp.edu.ar/index.php/libros/catalog/book/94Fil: Tarragó, Griselda Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Historia; Argentina.Fil: Gentinetta, Martín. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Historia; Argentina.Otras Historia y Arqueologí

Dosimetry of translational technique for total body irradiation with electrons in Alderson anthropomorphic phantom, for the treatment of mycosis fungoides

Total skin electron irradiation (tsei) is one of the most widely used techniques in the treatment of mycosis fungoides (mf). The objective of this work is to carry out the dosimetric characterization of the translational method using a mobile platform at constant speed for tsei, being a longitudinal prospective study design, making use of descriptive statistics with a quantitative approach. The dosimetric and geometric characteristics were established according to the Varian 21 iX linear accelerator for clinical use, treatment method and conditions of the translational platform (tp) with two degrees of freedom (speed and height), using a 1 cm thick lucite, thus degrading the energy and obtaining the maximum dose at a depth of 4.8 mm and a photon contamination of 0.74%, which are within the parameters established by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (aapm) in report No. 23.1 In Mexico, the translational technique with tsei has not been implemented for mf cancer procedures, and due to the physical limitations of the patients, there is no homogeneous dose distribution on the skin surface with the Stanford and rotational techniqu

Quality Management System and Quality Assurance Programs in Radiotherapy in the Light of Regulations Applicable in México

Radiotherapy Quality Management Systems (qms) and Quality Assurance (qa) Programs have been proposed as an effective tool to ensure consistency between medical prescription and safe delivery of treatment to patients with minimal exposure to staff. In recent years in Mexico, there has been an increase in the acquisition of modern medical linear accelerators for the delivery of highly sophisticated radiotherapy treatments with specific qa requirements.This makes it necessary to review the current regulatory framework on Quality Management, to know if regulatory requirements are sufficient for the establishment, implementation and development of Comprehensive Quality Systems (qs) in radiotherapy centres. The objective of this work is to review the current national regulations in radiotherapy qms, in particular those referring to standard procedures, human and physical infrastructure, and the implementation of qs in the practice of health care institutions. Results show a first approach to the implementation of quality management systems and quality assurance programs in radiotherapy centres