Assessing `not in my backyard' environmental policies: Is carbon leakage worse than we thought?

In the last few decades, high-income and high-productivity countries have pushed their agenda towards environmentally friendly policies. The carbon leakage hypothesis predicts that these policies will increase the emissions in unregulated countries, which happen to be low-income and low-productivity nations. Using a panel at the country level, we show that, because of the productivity differential, heterogeneous regulations have increased net global emissions. These results are a call for international coordination and cooperation in order to achieve a sustainable global economy

Novel approaches to determine residual stresses by ultramicroindentation techniques: application to sand blasted austenitic stainless steel

This research addresses the determination of residual stresses in sandblasted austenitic steel by ultramicroindentation techniques using a sharp indenter, whose sensitivity to residual stress effects is said to be inferior to that for spherical ones. We propose the introduction of an angular correction in the model of Wang et al. that relates variations in the maximum load to the presence of residual stresses. Likewise, the contribution to hardness of grain size refinement and work hardening, developed as a consequence of the severe plastic deformation during blasting, is determined to avoid overestimation of the residual stresses. Measurements were performed on polished cross sections along a length of several microns, thus obtaining a profile of the residual stresses. Results show a good agreement with those obtained by synchrotron radiation on the same specimens, which validates the method and demonstrates that microindentation using sharp indenters may be sensitive to the residual stress effect.Peer Reviewe

Reproducció accidental de ropit Erithacus rubecula a l'illa de Mallorca

Incidental breeding of Robin Erithacus rubecula in Mallorca. First breeding report of the Robin, Erithacus rubecula, in the Balearic Islands. This species is considered a migrant and an abundant winter visitor to these islands. Since 2002 it has been observed during the breeding season at an area known as Son Pax in Palma. In 2004 a maximum of two birds was observed between 30th April and 14th September. On 3rd April 2005 two birds hatched the previous year (EURING code 5) were trapped using mist-nets, one of which was developing an incubation patch (Patch code 1)(PINILLA, 2000). On 16th July a juvenile (EURING code 3) with a brownish head and back, brownish-yellow spots and a red breast was observed at the same place. This confirmed successful breeding of this species in Mallorca and probably for the region

Análisis cuantitativo de la técnica de paleo en kayakistas infantiles

Se analizó la evolución de la velocidad (V), la longitud de ciclo (LCL), la frecuencia de ciclo (FCL) y el índice de ciclo (ICL) sobre un test máximo de 500 metros realizado por 44 kayakistas de 13 y 14 años, 24 de ellos hombres y 20 mujeres. Los datos se obtuvieron tras digitalizar las filmaciones de cada uno de los test. La V, la FCL y el ICL disminuyeron a lo largo de la prueba, mientras que la LCL se mantuvo estable. La FCL fue similar en ambos sexos, mientras que para las demás variables la categoría masculina obtuvo valores superiores. Se encontró una alta correlación inversa entre la FCL y la LCL y directa entre el ICL con la V y la LCL.Evolution of speed (V), cycle length (LCL), cycle frequency (FCL) and cycle index (ICL) were analysed in 44 young kayakists (24 males and 20 females; 13 – 14 years old) who underwent a maximum-500 m test. Digitalized images from each test were obtained to measure the variables cited above. V, FCL and ICL decreased through the test, while LDL was kept stable. FCL was similar in both genders, although the values of remaining variables measured were significantly higher in males than in females. There was a significant inverse correlation between FCL and LCL and a significant direct correlation between ICL, V and LCL was found

A geometrical interpretation of critical exponents

We develop the hypothesis that the dynamics of a given system may lead to the activity being constricted to a subset of space, characterized by a fractal dimension smaller than the space dimension. We also address how the response function might be sensitive to this change in dimensionality. We discuss how this phenomenon is observable in growth processes and near critical points for systems in equilibrium. In particular, we determine the fractal dimension $d_f$ for the Ising model and validate it via computer simulations for two dimensions