1,852 research outputs found
The sulfate transporter family in wheat: tissue-specific gene expression in relation to nutrition
On the relevance of polyynyl-substituted PAHs to astrophysics
We report on the absorption spectra of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
(PAH) molecules anthracene, phenanthrene, and pyrene carrying either an ethynyl
(-C2H) or a butadiynyl (-C4H) group. Measurements were carried out in the mid
infrared at room temperature on grains embedded in CsI pellets and in the near
ultraviolet at cryogenic temperature on molecules isolated in Ne matrices. The
infrared measurements show that interstellar populations of
polyynyl-substituted PAHs would give rise to collective features in the same
way non-substituted PAHs give rise to the aromatic infrared bands. The main
features characteristic of the substituted molecules correspond to the
acetylenic CH stretching mode near 3.05 mum and to the almost isoenergetic
acetylenic CCH in- and out-of-plane bending modes near 15.9 mum.
Sub-populations defined by the length of the polyynyl side group cause
collective features which correspond to the various acetylenic CC stretching
modes. The ultraviolet spectra reveal that the addition of an ethynyl group to
a non-substituted PAH molecule results in all its electronic transitions being
redshifted. Due to fast internal energy conversion, the bands at shorter
wavelengths are significantly broadened. Those at longer wavelengths are only
barely affected in this respect. As a consequence, their relative peak
absorption increases. The substitution with the longer butadiynyl chain causes
the same effects with a larger magnitude, resulting in the spectra to show a
prominent if not dominating pi-pi* transition at long wavelength. After
discussing the relevance of polyynyl-substituted PAHs to astrophysics, we
conclude that this class of highly conjugated, unsaturated molecules are valid
candidates for the carriers of the diffuse interstellar bands.Comment: 29 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ 2 April 201
A phenomenological theory giving the full statistics of the position of fluctuating pulled fronts
We propose a phenomenological description for the effect of a weak noise on
the position of a front described by the Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piscounov
equation or any other travelling wave equation in the same class. Our scenario
is based on four hypotheses on the relevant mechanism for the diffusion of the
front. Our parameter-free analytical predictions for the velocity of the front,
its diffusion constant and higher cumulants of its position agree with
numerical simulations.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Two dimensional anisotropic non Fermi-liquid phase of coupled Luttinger liquids
We show using bosonization techniques, that strong forward scattering
interactions between one dimensional spinless Luttinger liquids (LL) can
stabilize a phase where charge-density wave, superconducting and transverse
single particle hopping perturbations are irrelevant. This new phase retains
its LL like properties in the directions of the chains, but with relations
between exponents modified by the transverse interactions, whereas, it is a
perfect insulator in the transverse direction. The mechanism that stabilizes
this phase are strong transverse charge density wave fluctuations at
incommensurate wavevector, which frustrates crystal formation by preventing
lock-in of the in-chain density waves.Comment: (4 pages, 2 figures
Weight gain since menopause and its associations with weight loss maintenance in obese postmenopausal women
Absence of Two-Dimensional Bragg Glasses
The stability to dislocations of the elastic phase, or ``Bragg glass'', of a
randomly pinned elastic medium in two dimensions is studied using the
minimum-cost-flow algorithm for a disordered fully-packed loop model. The
elastic phase is found to be unstable to dislocations due to the quenched
disorder. The energetics of dislocations are discussed within the framework of
renormalization group predictions as well as in terms of a domain wall picture.Comment: 5 pages, REVTEX, 3 figures included. Further information can be
obtained from [email protected]
Treatment of Low-flow Vascular Malformations by Ultrasound-guided Sclerotherapy with Polidocanol Foam: 24 Cases and Literature Review
AbstractObjectivesTreatment by sclerotherapy has been suggested as a first-line treatment of low-flow vascular malformations. This study reports our experience in treating low-flow vascular malformations by ultrasound-guided sclerosis with polidocanol foam at the Vascular Medicine Department in Grenoble, France.DesignRetrospective single-centre consecutive series.Materials and methodsBetween January 2006 and December 2009, we analysed the complete records of patients with symptomatic low-flow vascular malformations of venous, lymphatic or complex type (Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome, KTS) treated by ultrasound-guided sclerosis. The therapeutic indication was always validated by the Consultative Committee for vascular malformations of the University Hospital of Grenoble. All vascular malformations were classified according to the Hamburg Classification. The sclerosing agent was polidocanol used as foam.ResultsA total of 24 patients between 7 and 78 years were treated (19 venous malformations, three KTSs and two venous-lymphatic malformations). The concentrations of polidocanol used ranged from 0.25% to 3%. The average number of sessions was 2.3 (1–16). After a median follow-up at 5 months after the last session, 23 out of 24 patients reported a decrease in pain; in nine cases (37.5%), over 50% reduction in size was observed, and in 14 cases (58.3%), a reduction of less than 50% of the original size was obtained. Two minor side effects were reported.ConclusionsTreatment by ultrasound-guided sclerosis using polidocanol foam seems to be well tolerated and can improve the symptoms of low-flow malformations without the risks of more aggressive sclerosing agents, such as ethanol
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