ANÁLISE DO CICLO DE VIDA DOS PALETES: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DEMONSTRANDO A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DESIGN PARA SUSTENTABILIDADE

Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância do design transdisciplinar voltado para sustentabilidade, relacionando diferentes campos do saber com relevantes questoes e problemas complexos (wicked problems) – consumo e produçao, sustentabilidade, gestao de pessoas e processos, tecnologia, excesso de informaçoes, relaçao homem e objeto, cultura, identidade, entre outros – que permeiam o atual cenário fluido e em constante mutaçao. A resoluçao de problemas complexos e perversos nao deve ser entendida como responsabilidade somente dos atores políticos, novas redes devem ser criadas entre indivíduos, empresas e o poder público, associando a criatividade e o empreendedorismo para geraçao de valores compartilhados e soluçoes potenciais em prol da sustentabilidade. A gestao compartilhada de problemas vai ser discutida através de uma metodologia descritiva de estudo de caso em duas comunidades diferentes, mas com propósitos semelhantes. As comunidades do município de Jeceaba (MG) e bairro Jardim Canadá (Nova Lima, MG), que reaproveitaram resíduos (paletes) descartados para produçao de mobiliários e adornos, com o intuito de minimizar os impactos ambientais, porém uma aplica a metodologia do design no processo criativo e na execuçao das peças enquanto a outra nao adota a metodologia em respeito as limitaçoes locais. A análise desses estudos leva a compreensao da importância do design que produz projetos economicamente eficientes, socialmente justos e ambientalmente sustentáveis.This article aims to demonstrate the importance of Transversal Design for sustainability, linking different areas of knowledge with relevant issues and complex problems (wicked problems) – such as consume and production system, sustainability, management of people and processes, technology, information overload, relationship man and object, culture, identity, among others – that permeate the current fluid and constantly changing scenario. The resolution of complex and wicked problems should not be understood as a responsibility only of political actors, new networks must be created between individuals, businesses and public authorities associating creativity and entrepreneurship to generate shared values and potential solutions for sustainability. Shared management problems will be discussed through a descriptive methodology case study in two different communities with similar purposes. The communities of Jeceaba and Jardim Canada (Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil), reusing waste (pallets) discarded from furniture and adornments production, in order to minimize environmental impacts, but one applies the design methodology in the creative process and implementation of parts while the other doesn’t have methodology in respect to local restrictions. The analysis of these studies leads to understanding the importance of design to produce economically efficient, socially just and environmentally sustainable projects

Risk Factors for the Incidence of Dental Caries in Low, Very Low, and Extremely Low Birth Weight Children: A Cohort Study

Objective: To assess the incidence of caries in a two-year period among low birth weight (LBW), very low birth weight (VLBW), and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) children considering socioeconomic indicators, dietary factors and oral hygiene. Material and Methods: A convenience sample was formed of 42 low birth weight children aged two to five years at baseline. Two examiners diagnosed caries using the World Health Organization criteria. Birth weight, socioeconomic indicators and diet were collected from medical records and questionnaires. Binomial models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted rate ratios (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals for the factors evaluated. Results: Thirty-six children were re-examined after two years. The incidence of dental caries was 36.7%. The dmft index was 0.44 (±1.25) at baseline and increased to 1.36 (±3.85) at follow-up. VLBW children (1,000 to 1,500 g) (RR=0.23; 95%CI: 0.08-0.72) and LBW children (1,500 to 2,500 g) (RR=0.06; 0.01-0.55) had fewer carious lesions compared to ELBW children (<1,000 g). Carious lesions were more frequent among children with a lower income (RR=6.05; 1.05-34.84) and less frequent among those who did not consume sweetened juice, tea or yogurt (RR: 0.21; 0.07-0.62). Conclusion: An inverse dose-response relation was found between birth weight and the incidence of caries. A lower income and the consumption of sweetened beverages were risk factors for the development of caries

Evaluation of Satisfaction of Adolescents Treated by Dental Students

Objective: To evaluate the satisfaction of adolescents undergoing dental treatment between 2016 and 2018 at the Dental School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (FAO UFMG). Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study using the Oral Health Services Satisfaction Assessment Questionnaire (QASSaB). The structured questionnaire has eleven questions divided among the dimensions: dentist / patient relationship, relationship with other professionals, effectiveness, accessibility/availability, technical-scientific quality, cleanliness and physical environment, acceptability, effectiveness/resolution, each with five response options. Descriptive data analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies. Results: A total of 145 adolescents participated in this study, 60 males and 85 females; 74.85% of adolescents rated dental treatment received as excellent, 76.7% reported having no symptoms after treatment, 46.2% considered it easy/very easy to get treatment, 65.6% reported that waiting time was short/very short, 90% considered dental equipment modern/very modern, 98% regarded the cleanliness of the waiting room and bathrooms as being excellent, 83.4% reported that they always received an explanation about the treatment, and 51.57% were totally satisfied with the appearance of the treated teeth and their chewing capacity. Conclusion: It was possible to observe that the adolescents, users of FAO UFMG, were satisfied with the service in the studied dimensions: human relations, effectiveness, accessibility/availability, technical-scientific quality, physical environment/cleanliness, acceptability and resolvability/effectiveness

Padrão de uso de álcool entre homens adultos em situação de rua de Belo Horizonte

Este estudio epidemiológico de carácter descriptivo, buscó conocer la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol entre la población en situación de calle. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el AUDIT con 245 hombres en situación de calle en Belo Horizonte. Se verifica mayor frecuencia del uso nocivo y probable dependencia en adultos maduros y mayor frecuencia del estándar de riesgo para los que viven en situación de calle por período superior a 6 años y entre los que duermen en la vía pública. Este estudio realza la importancia de construcción de políticas de salud orientadas a la población en situación de calle.Este estudo epidemiológico, de tipo descritivo, buscou conhecer a prevalência de consumo de álcool entre a população em situação de rua. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se o AUDIT com 245 homens em situação de rua, de Belo Horizonte. Verificou-se maior frequência do uso nocivo e provável dependência nos adultos maduros e maior frequência do padrão de risco para aqueles que vivem em situação de rua, em período superior a 6 anos, e entre os que dormem em vias públicas. Este estudo realça a importância da construção de políticas de saúde voltadas para a população em situação de rua.This descriptive, epidemiologic study aimed at identifying the prevalence of alcohol use among the homeless population. Data collection was performed using AUDIT with 245 men living on the streets of Belo Horizonte. It was found there is a high frequency of harmful alcohol use pattern with probable dependence in mature adults and a high rate of risk pattern for those living on the streets for over 6 years and among those sleeping in public areas. This study highlights the importance of building health policies that are aimed at the homeless population

Evaluation of Satisfaction of Adolescents Treated by Dental Students

Objective: To evaluate the satisfaction of adolescents undergoing dental treatment between 2016 and 2018 at the Dental School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (FAO UFMG). Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study using the Oral Health Services Satisfaction Assessment Questionnaire (QASSaB). The structured questionnaire has eleven questions divided among the dimensions: dentist / patient relationship, relationship with other professionals, effectiveness, accessibility/availability, technical-scientific quality, cleanliness and physical environment, acceptability, effectiveness/resolution, each with five response options. Descriptive data analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies. Results: A total of 145 adolescents participated in this study, 60 males and 85 females; 74.85% of adolescents rated dental treatment received as excellent, 76.7% reported having no symptoms after treatment, 46.2% considered it easy/very easy to get treatment, 65.6% reported that waiting time was short/very short, 90% considered dental equipment modern/very modern, 98% regarded the cleanliness of the waiting room and bathrooms as being excellent, 83.4% reported that they always received an explanation about the treatment, and 51.57% were totally satisfied with the appearance of the treated teeth and their chewing capacity. Conclusion: It was possible to observe that the adolescents, users of FAO UFMG, were satisfied with the service in the studied dimensions: human relations, effectiveness, accessibility/availability, technical-scientific quality, physical environment/cleanliness, acceptability and resolvability/effectiveness

Staff Knowledge and Attitudes Towards COVID-19 New Biosafety Practices at a Brazilian Dental School

Objective: To evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards biosafety recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic at a Brazilian dental school. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 with the clinical staff of a Brazilian dental school. The whole clinical staff was sent pre-tested self-administered online questionnaires about knowledge and attitudes towards the recommendations for biosafety in dental settings in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistical analyses were carried out for proportion calculation. Results: Disposable head covering caps, isolation gowns, and gloves were the most frequently reported personal protective equipment (PPE). The rates ranged from 52.9% to 88.5% for N95 respirators, from 68.6% to 92.6% for face shields, from 47.4% to 67.5% for conventional eye protection shields, and 45.1% to 77.4% for eye protection with solid side shields. Chlorhexidine gluconate was the most frequent mouthwash indicated before clinical dental care. The percentage of agreement to provide clinical care to patients with suspected COVID-19 varied from 23.5% to 50.0%. The percentage of respondents who agreed that bioaerosol-generating procedures should be avoided was higher than 74.5%. Less than 50% knew the correct sequence for doffing of PPE. Conclusion: This study revealed important gaps in knowledge and attitudes towards prevention and control measures against infection in dental environments in the context of COVID-19, indicating the need for improvements

Infecção pelo Diphyllobothrium latum em país não endêmico : relato de caso

A difilobotríase, raramente descrita no Brasil, foi referida inicialmente como doença de viajantes e como infecção acidental em indivíduos que se alimentam com peixe cru de água doce. Este relato objetiva apresentar o caso de uma paciente de 20 anos com infecção confirmada pelo Diphyllobothrium latum.Diphyllobothriasis, which is rarely described in Brazil, was reported initially as a travelers disease and as an accidental infection in individuals who ate raw freshwater fish. This report aims to present the case of a 20-year-old patient with confirmed Diphyllobothrium latum infection

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Regulates Cell Proliferation and Migration

Background The angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) plays a central role in the renin-angiotensin system, acting by converting the hormone angiotensin-I to the active peptide angiotensin-II (Ang-II). More recently, ACE was shown to act as a receptor for Ang-II, and its expression level was demonstrated to be higher in melanoma cells compared to their normal counterparts. However, the function that ACE plays as an Ang-II receptor in melanoma cells has not been defined yet. Aim Therefore, our aim was to examine the role of ACE in tumor cell proliferation and migration. Results We found that upon binding to ACE, Ang-II internalizes with a faster onset compared to the binding of Ang-II to its classical AT1 receptor. We also found that the complex Ang-II/ACE translocates to the nucleus, through a clathrin-mediated process, triggering a transient nuclear Ca2+ signal. In silico studies revealed a possible interaction site between ACE and phospholipase C (PLC), and experimental results in CHO cells, demonstrated that the beta 3 isoform of PLC is the one involved in the Ca2+ signals induced by Ang-II/ACE interaction. Further studies in melanoma cells (TM-5) showed that Ang-II induced cell proliferation through ACE activation, an event that could be inhibited either by ACE inhibitor (Lisinopril) or by the silencing of ACE. In addition, we found that stimulation of ACE by Ang-II caused the melanoma cells to migrate, at least in part due to decreased vinculin expression, a focal adhesion structural protein. Conclusion ACE activation regulates melanoma cell proliferation and migration.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)INCT Nanocarbono - UFMG (Brazil)Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Nat Sci, Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Dept Phys, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biophys, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Phys, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Morphol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilDepartment of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Atualização no diagnóstico por imagem da miocardiopatia chagásica: uma revisão bibliográfica / Update on the imaging diagnosis of chagasic cardiomyopathy: a literature review

A Doença de Chagas é uma patologia crônica e de caráter infeccioso causada pelo protozoário flagelado Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), sendo classificada como enfermidade negligenciada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e apresentando elevada taxa de morbimortalidade em países endêmicos, incluindo o Brasil. Os objetivos do estudo foram analisar as atualizações radiográficas na cardiopatia chagásica, demostrando as características dos exames radiológicos mais utilizados atualmente no diagnóstico dessa enfermidade. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica realizada por meio de pesquisa nos bancos de dados: EBSCO e Scielo, com os descritores “chagas cardiomyopathy”, “diagnostic imaging” entre os anos de 2014 a 2019 em língua portuguesa e inglesa. Os resultados demonstraram que o avanço tecnológico possibilitou a identificação precoce de pequenas anormalidades no miocárdio, principalmente com a metodologia de ressonância magnética. A detecção precoce do acometimento miocárdico é crucial para identificar pacientes com alto risco de insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias, eventos tromboembólicos, possibilitando intervenções para reduzir a morbimortalidade da doença