Liszt Transcriptions

Some critics of the nineteenth century argued that transcriptions are merely unoriginal copies of original works. However, the transcriptions of Franz Liszt (1811-1886), one of the greatest pianists and composers of the century, add to the context of the work. Thus, the original work is changed, and so is its meaning, thereby making transcriptions original works (Jonathan Kregor, Liszt as Transcriber [Cambridge, 2010]). Kregor states: “Liszt created tonal connections and motivic cross-references all of his own invention. In my research l describe and trace Liszt\u27s motivic cross-references and pianisms in several examples from his earlier and later works. I illustrate Liszt’s originality in his adaptations, showing that rather than being exact copies, Liszt’s transcription reinterpret the originals and reframe the focus and meaning of the original work

Liszt Transcriptions

Some critics of the nineteenth century argued that transcriptions are merely unoriginal copies of original works. However, the transcriptions of Franz Liszt (1811-1886), one of the greatest pianists and composers of the century, add to the context of the work. Thus, the original work is changed, and so is its meaning, thereby making transcriptions original works (Jonathan Kregor, Liszt as Transcriber [Cambridge, 2010]). Kregor states: “Liszt created tonal connections and motivic cross-references all of his own invention. In my research l describe and trace Liszt\u27s motivic cross-references and pianisms in several examples from his earlier and later works. I illustrate Liszt’s originality in his adaptations, showing that rather than being exact copies, Liszt’s transcription reinterpret the originals and reframe the focus and meaning of the original work

Synthesis of an Unnatural Fluorescent Amino Acid

The long-term goal of this project is to chemically synthesize an unnatural fluorescent amino acid (UFAA) that can later be used to build glow-in-the-dark proteins. UFAAs allow the visualization of a single protein in an otherwise transparent living cell. The specific objective of this project is to synthesize a 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phthalimide-based environment-sensitive fluorescent amino acid. The first part of this synthesis was the preparation of an anhydride (4-Methyl-Aminophthalic Anhydride), which was then coupled with commercially-available Boc-Dap-OtBu Hydrochloride. Finally, trifluoroacetic acid was used to remove the protecting groups, yielding the desired product. The product was characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The remaining tasks include improving the purification and percent yield

Synthesis of an Unnatural Fluorescent Amino Acid

The long-term goal of this project is to chemically synthesize an unnatural fluorescent amino acid (UFAA) that can later be used to build glow-in-the-dark proteins. UFAAs allow the visualization of a single protein in an otherwise transparent living cell. The specific objective of this project is to synthesize a 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phthalimide-based environment-sensitive fluorescent amino acid. The first part of this synthesis was the preparation of an anhydride (4-Methyl-Aminophthalic Anhydride), which was then coupled with commercially-available Boc-Dap-OtBu Hydrochloride. Finally, trifluoroacetic acid was used to remove the protecting groups, yielding the desired product. The product was characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The remaining tasks include improving the purification and percent yield

Synthesis of an Unnatural Fluorescent Amino Acid

The long-term goal of this project is to chemically synthesize an unnatural fluorescent amino acid (UFAA) that can later be used to build glow-in-the-dark proteins. UFAAs allow the visualization of a single protein in an otherwise transparent living cell. The specific objective of this project is to synthesize a 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phthalimide-based environment-sensitive fluorescent amino acid. The first part of this synthesis was the preparation of an anhydride (4-Methyl-Aminophthalic Anhydride), which was then coupled with commercially-available Boc-Dap-OtBu Hydrochloride. Finally, trifluoroacetic acid was used to remove the protecting groups, yielding the desired product. The product was characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The remaining tasks include improving the purification and percent yield

Synthesis of an Unnatural Fluorescent Amino Acid

The long-term goal of this project is to chemically synthesize an unnatural fluorescent amino acid (UFAA) that can later be used to build glow-in-the-dark proteins. UFAAs allow the visualization of a single protein in an otherwise transparent living cell. The specific objective of this project is to synthesize a 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phthalimide-based environment-sensitive fluorescent amino acid. The first part of this synthesis was the preparation of an anhydride (4-Methyl-Aminophthalic Anhydride), which was then coupled with commercially-available Boc-Dap-OtBu Hydrochloride. Finally, trifluoroacetic acid was used to remove the protecting groups, yielding the desired product. The product was characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The remaining tasks include improving the purification and percent yield

Diurnal Oviposition of Blow Flies

Blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are usually the first insects to oviposit (lay eggs) on carrion. The timing of blow fly oviposition is critical for determining a postmortem interval (PMI) estimation, which is the time that has passed between death and corpse discovery. The objective of this investigation was to gain more information about the timing of blow fly oviposition so that a more accurate PMI could be calculated. Past research in our lab has shown that blow fly oviposition occurs an average of 4.75 hours after sunrise. This year’s research expanded on previous studies by placing three piglets in a remote, wooded area one hour after sunrise. The piglets were checked once an hour until oviposition occurred, and it was recorded whether flies and eggs were present each hour. Egg masses were collected. DNA analysis and BLAST were used to identify the individual blow fly species. The timing of oviposition, in hours after sunrise, was analyzed with respect to temperature, humidity, and light intensity. The research was repeated six times in the fall of 2016. Flies were first seen an average of 2.3 hours after sunrise, and oviposition was observed an average of 4.16 hours after sunrise. The average lux reading at the time of oviposition was 26,755 lux, but ranged between 5,790-52,300 lux. This research has importance in both the scientific and forensic communities, as a more accurate PMI can assist with the validity of a forensic investigation