An investigation of particle mixing in a gas-fluidized bed

Mechanism for particle movement in gas-fluidized beds was studied both from the theoretical and experimental points of view. In a two-dimensional fluidized bed particle trajectories were photographed when a bubble passed through

Nodal-antinodal dichotomy and magic doping fractions in a stripe ordered antiferromagnet

We study a model of a stripe ordered doped antiferromagnet consisting of coupled Hubbard ladders which can be tuned from quasi-one-dimensional to two-dimensional. We solve for the magnetization and charge density on the ladders by Hartree-Fock theory and find a set of solutions with lightly doped ``spin-stripes'' which are antiferromagnetic and more heavily doped anti-phase ``charge-stripes''. Both the spin- and charge-stripes have electronic spectral weight near the Fermi energy but in different regions of the Brillouin zone; the spin-stripes in the ``nodal'' region, near (\pi/2,\pi/2), and the charge-stripes in the ``antinodal'' region, near (\pi,0). We find a striking dichotomy between nodal and antinodal states in which the nodal states are essentially delocalized and two-dimensional whereas the antinodal states are quasi-one-dimensional, localized on individual charge-stripes. For bond-centered stripes we also find an even-odd effect of the charge periodicity which could explain the non-monotonous variations with doping of the low-temperature resistivity in LSCOComment: 6 pages, 6 figures, Expanded and improved, with additional reference

Magnetic Excitations of Stripes and Checkerboards in the Cuprates

We discuss the magnetic excitations of well-ordered stripe and checkerboard phases, including the high energy magnetic excitations of recent interest and possible connections to the "resonance peak" in cuprate superconductors. Using a suitably parametrized Heisenberg model and spin wave theory, we study a variety of magnetically ordered configurations, including vertical and diagonal site- and bond-centered stripes and simple checkerboards. We calculate the expected neutron scattering intensities as a function of energy and momentum. At zero frequency, the satellite peaks of even square-wave stripes are suppressed by as much as a factor of 34 below the intensity of the main incommensurate peaks. We further find that at low energy, spin wave cones may not always be resolvable experimentally. Rather, the intensity as a function of position around the cone depends strongly on the coupling across the stripe domain walls. At intermediate energy, we find a saddlepoint at $(\pi,\pi)$ for a range of couplings, and discuss its possible connection to the "resonance peak" observed in neutron scattering experiments on cuprate superconductors. At high energy, various structures are possible as a function of coupling strength and configuration, including a high energy square-shaped continuum originally attributed to the quantum excitations of spin ladders. On the other hand, we find that simple checkerboard patterns are inconsistent with experimental results from neutron scattering.Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, for high-res figs, see http://physics.bu.edu/~yaodx/spinwave2/spinw2.htm

Magnetic Excitations of Stripes Near a Quantum Critical Point

We calculate the dynamical spin structure factor of spin waves for weakly coupled stripes. At low energy, the spin wave cone intensity is strongly peaked on the inner branches. As energy is increased, there is a saddlepoint followed by a square-shaped continuum rotated 45 degree from the low energy peaks. This is reminiscent of recent high energy neutron scattering data on the cuprates. The similarity at high energy between this semiclassical treatment and quantum fluctuations in spin ladders may be attributed to the proximity of a quantum critical point with a small critical exponent $\eta$.Comment: 4+ pages, 5 figures, published versio

Scaling and Duality in Semi-exclusive Processes

We discuss extending scaling and duality studies to semi-exclusive processes. We show that semi-exclusive hard pion photoproduction should exhibit scaling behavior in kinematic regions where the photon and pion both interact directly with the same quark. We show that such kinematic regions exist. We also show that the constancy with changing momentum transfer of the resonance peak/scaling curve ratio, familiar for many resonances in deep inelastic scattering, is also expected in the semi-exclusive case.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.

Positive Parity Pentaquarks Pragmatically Predicted

We consider the possibility that the lightest pentaquark is a parity even state, with one unit of orbital angular momentum. Working within the framework of a constituent quark model, we show that dominant spin-flavor interactions render certain parity-even states lighter than any pentaquark with all quarks in the spatial ground state. For such states, we focus on predicting the mass and decays of other members of the same SU(3) flavor multiplet. Specifically, we consider the strangeness -2 cascade pentaquarks, which are relatively immune to mixing. We take into account flavor SU(3) breaking effects originating from the strange quark mass as well as from the structure of the spin-flavor exchange interactions themselves. We predict the lightest cascade pentaquarks at approximately 1906 MeV, with a full width about 3 times larger than that of the Theta^+.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables, Revtex

Integrated technology rotor/flight research rotor concept definition study

As part of the Integrated Technology Rotor/Flight Research Rotor (ITR/FRR) Program a number of advanced rotor system designs were conceived and investigated. From these, several were chosen that best meet the started ITR goals with emphasis on stability, reduced weight and hub drag, simplicity, low head moment stiffness, and adequate strength and fatigue life. It was concluded that obtaining low hub moment stiffness was difficult when only the blade flexibility of bearingless rotor blades is considered, unacceptably low fatigue life being the primary problem. Achieving a moderate hub moment stiffness somewhat higher than state of the art articulated rotors in production today is possible within the fatigue life constraint. Alternatively, low stiffness is possible when additional rotor elements, besides the blades themselves, provide part of the rotor flexibility. Two primary designs evolved as best meeting the general ITR requirements that presently exist. An I shaped flexbeam with an external torque tube can satisfy the general goals but would have either higher stiffness or reduced fatigue life. The elastic gimbal rotor can achieve a better combination of low stiffness and high fatigue life but would be a somewhat heavier design and possibly exhibit a higher risk of aeromechanical instability

Leading-Log Effects in the Resonance Electroweak Form Factors

We study log corrections to inelastic scattering at high Bjorken x for Q^2 from 1 to 21 GeV^2. At issue is the presence of log corrections, which can be absent if high x scattering has damped gluon radiation. We find logarithmic correction of the scaling curve extrapolated to low Q^2 improves the duality between it and the resonance plus background data in the Delta region, indicating log corrections exist in the data. However, at W > 2 GeV and high x, the data shows a (1-x)^3 form. Log corrections in one situation but not in another can be reconciled by a W- or Q^2- dependent higher twist correction.Comment: 13 pages, report nos. RPI-94-N90 and WM-94-106, revtex, two figures (available by fax or post