Desempenho produtivo de vacas de corte cruzadas e zebuínas e seus bezerros

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo, produção de leite e os parâmetros da curva de lactação de vacas de corte e bezerros de três diferentes grupos genéticos no período pós-parto. Foram usadas 15 vacas paridas divididas em três grupos genéticos: cinco vacas ½Angus ½Nelore (F1), cinco ¼Angus ¼Nelore ½Tabapuã (F2) e cinco Nelore (NE). Avaliou-se a produção de leite, curva de lactação, peso corporal (PC), condição corporal (CC) e eficiência produtiva das vacas além do ganho de peso diário médio (GPDMB) e peso corporal no pós-parto e ao desmame (PCB) dos bezerros. As vacas F2 apresentaram maior PC comparado às F1 e NE que não diferiram entre si. O PCB do F2 e F1 não diferiram e, foram superiores aos NE dos 125 até 183 dias pós-parto. A CC das vacas F1 e F2 reduziu no período pós-parto, ao contrário das NE que mantiveram. Os bezerros mestiços tiveram melhor desempenho produtivo que o Nelore. A curva de lactação teve comportamento quadrático e parecido entre os grupos genéticos, assim como suas eficiências produtivas. As vacas F2 e F1 apresentaram maior produção de leite total e produção de leite diária em relação às vacas NE. Vacas mestiças, apesar das características produtivas superiores, tiveram eficiência produtiva parecida à raça Nelore, justificando o seu uso como matriz em sistemas de cruzamento com outras raças bovinas

Resumos concluídos - Neurociências

Resumos concluídos - Neurociência

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p<0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p<0·0001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status