4 research outputs found
Influence of pH and calcium nutrition on the coffee wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum
Em mudas de Coffea arabica L. cv. Mundo Novo, cultivadas em solução nutritiva analisaram- se os efeitos da nutrição de Ca e pH no crescimento, estado nutriticional e colonização dos tecidos vasculares por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. coffeae. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco doses de Ca (0, 10, 100, 200 e 400 ”g ml-1), combinadas com dois nĂveis de pH (4,5 e 6,5). Utilizou-se uma tĂ©cnica de inoculação do patĂłgeno na regiĂŁo do colo, realizada 105 dias apĂłs a emissĂŁo das cotiledonares. Observou-se um aumento significativo no desenvolvimento das plantas quando os nĂveis de Ca na solução foram de 0 a 100 ”g ml-1, e uma redução quando os nĂveis se situaram entre 200 e 400 ”g Ca ml-1. Os tratamentos com Ca aumentaram as absorçÔes de Ca e N e diminuĂram as de P, K, Mg, Mn e Fe, nĂŁo afetando, porĂ©m, as de Cu e Zn. A progressĂŁo do patĂłgeno nos tecidos vasculares foi maior com pH 6,5 que 4,5. A percentagem de tecidos da raiz e caule colonizados aumentou com a diminuição das doses de Ca na solução (0 e 10 ”g de Ca ml-1). A severidade da doença geralmente diminuiu com o aumento de Ca de 200 e 400 ”g ml-1.A greenhouse solution experiment was conducted with coffee seedlings to investigate the effects of Ca nutrition and pH on growth, plant nutrient content, and the incidence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. coffeae. Five concentrations of Ca (0, 10, 100, 200 and 400 ”g ml-1) were maintained in combination with two pH levels (4.5 and 6.5). Suspensions of the fungus were inoculated at the colon region of seedlings after 105 days of cotyledon emergency. Dry weight yields increased with increasing Ca levels up to 100 ”g ml-1 followed by a marked decrease when Ca concentration was raised to 200 - 400 ”g ml-1' of Ca. Plant tissue analysis showed that increasing Ca levels in solution increased the uptake of Ca and N, decreased P, K, Mg, Mn and Fe, and had no effect on Cu and Zn. The extent of colonization of the vascular tissues by the fungus was greater at pH 6.5 than 4.5. The percentage of root and stem tissues incited by the fungus mycelium was increased at low Ca treatments (0 and 10”g of Ca ml-1). The severity of disease generally decreased with increasing Ca in solution up to 200 and 400”g ml-1.
ResistĂȘncia em germoplasma de Coffea ao crestamento bacteriano incitado por Pseudomonas garcae AMARAL et al
The coffee germplasm, consisting of commercial cultivars, lines and progenies resistant to rust, varieties of Coffea arabica, C. canephora, interspecific crosses of C. Arabica x C. canephora, C. eugenioides and C. stenophylla, was evaluated in green house against the bacterial blight incited by Pseudomonas garcae (AMARAL et al) Also, the C. arabica introductions of Ethioplan origin were evaluated in the field. All the commercial cultivars - Mundo Novo, CatuaĂ and Bourbon - were highly susceptible. Within the rust resistant material, the progenies EP95-1520 C133, EP24-1168-18 C590, 7002-H6963 C328 were found to be resistant and M7846 to be highly resistant to bacterial blight. Among the varieties, Coffea arabica var. semierecta, C. arabica var. ennarea, and C. arabica var. geisha were imune or highly resistant. Within C. canephora two moderately resistant sources were found - Guarini LC1598-14, and Robusta 1598-11-EP119. Among the interspecific hybrids of C. arabica x C.  canephora the progeny Icatu H4782-7 MBR (E) was moderately resistant. Among the progenies of the cross Timor Hybrid with Caturra, (F3) P1 34 was resistant and (F3) P1 44 was moderately resistant. One progeny of the Timor Hybrid with Blue Mountain, (F2) P1 50 showed immunity. The two species C. eugenioides and C. stenophylla also were highly resistant. Among the 138 introductions of C. arabica of Ethiopian collection, 38 sources of high resistance were identified.O germoplasma de cafeeiros, constituĂdo por cultivares comerciais, linhagens e progĂȘnies resistentes Ă ferrugem, variedades de Coffea arabica, C. canephora, cruzamentos interespecĂficos de C. arabica x C. canephora, C. eugenioides e C. stenophylla foi avaliado na casa de vegetação contra o crestamento bacteriano incitado por Pseudomonas garcae (AMARAL et al). TambĂ©m as introduçÔes de C. arabica originadas da EtiĂłpia foram avaliadas no campo. Todas as cultivares comerciais - Mundo Novo, CatuaĂ e Bourbon - foram altamente susceptĂveis. Encontrou-se, dentro do material resistente Ă ferrugem, as progĂȘnies EP95-1520 C133, EP24-1168-18 C590, 7002-H6963 C328 como resistentes e M7846 como altamente resistente. As variedades, Coffea arabica var. semierecta, C. arabica var. ennarea e C. arabica var. geisha apresentaram-se imunes ou altamente resistentes. Em C. canephora encontram-se 2 fontes moderadamente resistentes: Guarini LC1598-14 e Robusta 1598-11EP119. Em hĂbridos interespecĂficos de C. arabica x C. canephora, a progĂȘnie Icatu H4782-7MBR (E) foi moderadamente resistente. Nas progĂȘnies resultantes do cruzamento de HĂbrido de Timor com Caturra, (F3) PI 34 foi resistente e (F3) PI 44 foi moderadamente resistente. A progĂȘnie do HĂbrido de Timor com Blue Mountain, (F2) PI 50 se mostrou imune. As espĂ©cies, C. eugenioides e C. stenophylla tambĂ©m foram altamente resistentes. Nas 138 introduçÔes de C. arabica provenientes da EtiĂłpia, identificaram-se 38 fontes de alta resistĂȘncia